2020高中英语 Module4 Fine Arts Grammar学案 外研版必修2

Learning paper 4 GrammarLearning aim: To master the use of infinitive and gerundImportant and difficult points: The comparison of infinitive and gerund for objectI. 动词不定式和动名词在作宾语时的用法比较1. 有些动词后通常接不定式作宾语，如： afford , agree, aim, ask, decide, demand, expect, fail, hope, want, manage, learn, offer, plan, wish, refuse, pretend, promise 等。I cant afford to buy a car.My friend agreed to come with me.He failed to pass the driving test.We all hope to see you.He offered to take the child home.My friend promised to be there on time.2. 动名词做宾语（1）有些动词后只能跟动名词。 如： admit, avoid, keep, delay, deny, enjoy, mind, miss, practice, risk, mention, cant stand, permit, risk 等。Do you mind me _(sit)down?No one can avoid _(make) mistakes.（2）在一些短语动词后或介词后也用动名词作宾语。keep on, insist on, give up, put off, be/get used to, succeed in, dream of, feel like, look forward to, be worth, think of, be tired of, be fond of 等等。I have given up _(learn) to paint. Im not good at it.She has got used to _(drive )on the left.They insisted on_(pay) for the meal.My parents are fond of _(go) to art galleries.I am looking forward to _(visit) the exhibition of Qi Baishis ink paintings.3. 有些动词既可跟动词不定式也可跟动名词，含义上往往无差别。如：like, love, hate prefer, begin, start, intend, continue, learnI like sleeping in the open air. = I like to sleep in the open air.I hate writing letters. = I hate to write letters.4. remember, forget, go on，try, mean, need, want, require, cant help 等后既可以跟动词不定式， 也可以跟动名词。含义上有差别。(1) remember, forget后接动名词表示曾经做过的事，后接不定式表示该去做的事。He remembered calling his mother.Please remember to turn off the light when you leave.I forgot giving him the money.I forgot to give him the money.(2) try to do “尽力做” try dong “试着做”.go on to do “继续做不同的事或不同内容的事”; go on doing”继续做某事（指同一动作的继续）”(3) mean to do”打算做某事” mean doing “意味着”(4) cant help to do “无法帮忙做” cant help doing”禁不住”(5) want/need/require doing=want/need/require to be done “需要被做”The classroom needs cleaning.=The classroom needs to be cleaned.II. Practice1. Which do you enjoy _ your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?A. spending B. to spend C. having spent D. to have spent2. When I opened the door, my son pretended _ a book.A. to read B. to be reading C. to have read D. reading3. Tom is thinking _ a new novel.A. to write B. writing C. write D. of writing4. She cant help _ the house because shes busy making a cake.A. to clean B. cleaning C. to cleaning D. be cleaned5. The thief had a narrow escape and missed _.A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch6. He could not stand _ like that before the whole class.A. making fun of B. being made fun ofC. to be laughed at D. being made fun7. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldnt risk _ the good opportunity.A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost8. It is not polite to sit with your feet _ at another person.A. pointing B. point C. to point D. pointed9. It is no use _A. to apologize B. apologizeC. apologizing D. apologized10. It is no good _his idea.A. object to B. objecting to C. objecting D. to object to11. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _.A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leaveC. arriving; le