黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2020学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）

黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学2020学年高一英语下学期开学考试试题（含解析）注意事项：1答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第I卷（选择题）一、完形填空Im a seventeen-year-old, counting down the days till graduation, just like every other senior in the world. Ive 1 a lot in my short seventeen years of life, but I have also made mistakes. Im not 2 . Im on the path of self-discovery, which as Ive come to realize is not 3 .After many years, I still 4 remember the last time I had to 5 . At that moment, starting a new 6 wasnt really that big of a deal. I spent the next four and a half years in Mountain Home. I made four 7 friends anyone could ever ask for. When I had to 8 them, I was depressed.I soon 9 that starting a new high school was different from being the “ 10 girl” in elementary or even middle school. It wasnt as easy to gain the “approval(认可)” of my 11 now as it had been back then. Back in elementary or middle school, 12 I was a freshman, I had my friends and people I knew. I could very easily 13 well over ninety percent of my class. 14 , at this new school, I 15 no one.Ive been told over and over by my mom that Ill 16 have to enter the “real” world and that the 17 I have over all of these things will soon disappear. What adults 18 to realize is that every day in a teenagers life is a battle. Were no longer children, but not quite adults. We struggle to 19 who we are.Although I still have about a year and a half left, I honestly believe that being a teenager has been the hardest 20 in my life, something Im sure Ill carry with me for the rest of my existence.1AachievedBdreamedCmissedDforgot2AhonestBcleverCbeautifulDperfect3AlonelyBnecessaryCeasyDlong4AgraduallyBclearlyCslightlyDhardly5AperformBstudyCapologizeDmove6AhomeBschoolCprojectDcompany7AamazingBcruelClazyDbrave8AblameBcheatCleaveDtrain9ArealizedBpredictedCguessedDexpected10AproudBcuriousCpoorDnew11ArelativesBparentsCneighborsDclassmates12AalthoughBunlessCifDbecause13AteachBhelpCnameDdisturb14AOtherwiseBHoweverCThereforeDBesides15AknewBunderstoodClovedDvisited16AsuccessfullyBsurprisinglyCfortunatelyDeventually17AembarrassmentBworryCangerDhope18AfailBstopCcomeDregret19AreportBwriteCfind outDlearn from20AchoiceBpracticeCexperienceDdecision二、阅读理解CLASSIC TOURSCOACH BREAK INFORMATIONLuggageWe ask you to keep a medium-sized suitcase per person, but a small holdall can also be taken onto the coach.SeatsRequests for particular seats can be made on most coach breaks (巴士旅游) when booking, but since seats are booked on a first come, first serve basic, early booking is advisable. When bookings are made with us, you will be offered the best seats that are available on the coach at that time.Travel DocumentsWhen you have paid your deposit（订金）, we will send you all the necessary documents, so that you can receive them in good time before the coach break leaving date. Certain documents, for example, air or boat tickets, may have to be reserved and your guide will then give them to you during the break.Special DietsIf you require a special diet, you must inform us at the time of booking with a copy of the diet. This will be told to the hotels on your coach break. The hotels for certain coach breaks are tourist class and they may not have the equipment to deal with special diets. Any extra costs must be paid to the hotel by yourself before leaving the hotel.AccommodationOn any coach break there are only a limited number of single rooms. When a single room is available, it may be subject to an extra charge and this will be shown on the brochure page.EntertainmentSome of our hotels arrange extra entertainment which could include music, dancing, films, etc. The nature and frequency of the entertainment presented is decided by the hotel and therefore not guaranteed and could be withdrawn if there is a lack of demand or insufficient numbers in the hotel.21If you want to choose certain seats of the coach, you should _.Atake little luggageBavoid traveling in holidaysCbook your seat well in advanceDarrive early on the leaving date22It may be necessary to pay extra for_.Asingle roomsBparticular seatsCentertainmentDhand luggage23Where is the passage mostly taken from?AA fashion magazine.BA business report.CA legal document.DA travel brochure.Fourth-grade teacher Tori Nelson allowed one of her students to shave her head in the schoolyard, after bullies（仗势欺人者） teased him about his own buzz cut. Ms. Nelson got the idea after noticing that Matthew Finney, a shy boy from her homeroom at Winlock Miller Elementary School in Washington State, was standing outside his classroom crying and wearing a winter hat.Ms. Nelson could see the back of his neck had been shaved, and since Matthew usually had very thick curly brown hair, she realized that hed had a haircut over the weekend. She asked him what was wrong， and he said hed gotten a buzz cut for the summer. But this morning, a fifth grader on the bus made fun of him, and he didnt want to come to class and get laughed at by other kids. Ms. Nelson tried to convince Matthew to come inside, but since school rules banned kids from wearing hats indoors he refusedexplaining that he was afraid of showing his haircut to the other children in case they also made fun of him.Finally I said, If you take your hat off and come to class, Ill let you give me a buzz cut too, Ms. Nelson told Yahoo Parenting. I figured its just hair, and mine is already short anyway. I might as well get it shorter in time for the warm weather.Matthew excitedly took her up on the offer, and Ms Nelson and another teacher gathered all the fourth graders together during break time. A school employee brought in scissors, which Matthew used to the cheers of his classmates, excitedly watching as their teachers hair fell away onto the ground in the schoolyard.It was a lot of fun for the kids, and it helped Matthew feel better about himself. said Ms Nelson. You have to do what it takes to reach children. Teaching isnt just about reading and writing: its about self-worth and accepting differences.24What does the underlined word teased probably mean？ _Acaught up withBmade fun ofClooked up toDlearned from25What mainly led to Matthews standing outside the classroom？ _AHis fear of being laughed atBHis unwillingness to studyCHis breaking school rulesDHis not finishing his homework26Why did Ms Nelson have her head shaved？ _ATo prepare for the warm weatherBTo show sympathy for MattheyCTo comfort and encourage MatthewDTo show her unique personality27Which words can best describe Ms Nelson？ _AKnowledgeable and strictBResponsible and caringCHumorous and easygoingDStubborn and determinedThe impression you make at the beginning of an interview is very important. Employers often decide to hire someone in the first three minutes of the interview. They judge you by your appearance, attitude and manners.A friendly smile when you walk into the room is important. A smile shows a confident and positive attitude.When you introduce yourself, make eye contact with the interviewer. Some interviewers offer a handshake. Others dont.Try to be as natural as possible. But pay attention to your body language. The way you sit, walk, gesture, use your voice and show feelings on your face is all part of your body language. It makes the interviewer know how you feel about yourself and the situation you are in. Are you feeling positively about yourself? Your abilities? Your interest in the job?Speak clearly and loudly enough. Show interest and enthusiasm in your voice. When you speak, look at the interviewer. Also, dont say negative things about yourself, or former employer.Listen to questions carefully. If you dont understand a question, ask the interviewer to repeat or explain:Im sorry, but I didnt catch that. Im not sure exactly what you mean. Almost everyone is nervous in a job interview. Interviewers know that. They dont expect you to be totally calm and relaxed. But they expect you to try to control your nervousness. They expect you to show confidence in your ability to do the job.At the end of the interview, thank the interviewer for her or his time.Its a good idea to send a short thank-you letter right after the interview, or deliver it by hand.Phone the company if you have not heard anything after one week. Ask if they have made a decision about the job.Good luck!28It can be learned from the passage that _ .Ayou should always put on a smile when meeting the employerByou should stand still with respect before the employerCemployers understand and like employees nervousnessDthe first impression is very important in an interview29Why should we pay attention to our body language? _ABecause it can help us win the employers positive impression.BBecause it can help us feel about the employer.CBecause it is needed by our employer.DBecause we need it to improve our feelings.30The main purpose of the passage is _ .Ato give you some advice on the art of finding a jobBto tell right from wrong about job interviewsCto explain why we should do something about an interviewDto suggest not being shy in an interview31Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? _AA Friendly SmileBMaking a Good ImpressionCDont Be NervousDSending a Thank-You LetterRecently, the Oxford English Dictionary, or OED, added about 1,000 words and new definitions to its website. The changes are to help users understand a mix of terms, some dating back many centuries. The additions include words such as “brencheese”, “deathshildy” and “hip-pop”.The new entries are part of the companys update to , its searchable online dictionary for paid members. The OED makes changes to the website four times each year. But the latest print version has been in process since the year 2000, and may not be ready for 10 more years. That information comes from Katherine Connor Martin, who heads the companys dictionary operations in the United States.Usually, the OED watches usage of a word for at least 10 years before deciding whether to add a new entry, new definition or word related to an existing entry, she said. This general rule, however, is sometimes not followed. That is what happened with “tweet”, a word that the OED added far before the 10-year mark. Other times, the company adds words that are very old, but were not included in the dictionary in the past.“Its funny because we talk about new words, but many of the words we add are already obsolete. Its just that they were never in the dictionary before,” Martin told the Associated Press.That is the reality, she said, of a historical dictionary trying to put more than 1,000 years of English into books that already have over 855,000 entries. So, you get “brencheese”, a rarely used term for when bread and cheese are eaten together. The word dates back to the year 1665. The word “deathshildy” is from Old English. It means someone who is guilty of a serious crime and condemned to death.The website defines the term “hip-pop” for music that combines parts of hip-hop and popular music. The OED discovered the term “hip-hip pop” was used in a 1985 story from a Pennsylvania newspaper. It noted that the term “hip-pop” appeared in a 1991 U. S. newspaper report about the rap artist M.CHammer.The website has added several other terms related to modern culture. They include three popular terms: “binge-watching”, “spoiler alert” and “microaggression”.Here are a few other new entries if you long to read on.32What has the OED done recently?AIt has made changes to its words explanations.BIt has sorted out some words which are out of date.CIt has helped users to have more convenient use of the OED.DIt has taken in more words and new meanings of some words.33The underlined word “obsolete” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.AdesertedBupdatedCchangedDexplained34What will the paragraph following the passage most probably be about?AThe influence cultures have on the words in the OED.BThe difficulties the OED has in choosing the words.CThe effect modern technology has on the OED.DThe new vocabularies the OED has included.35Whats the best title of the text?AThe OED, a Great Help for English LearnersBA Brand New Version of the OED WebsiteCA Better Understanding of Words in the OEDDExamples of the OED Choosing Words第II卷（非选择题）三、提纲类作文36假定你是李华，正在美国交流学习。你的美国老师Amy邀请你下周五下午3点到她的班里为美国小学生上一节课，介绍中国传统艺术国画。请给她回复一封电子邮件，要点如下：1. 接受邀请，表示感谢；2. 国画简介（如艺术地位、绘画内容、著名画家等）；3. 课前学生需做的绘画用具上的准备。注意：1. 词数：100左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；Dear Amy,_Yours,Li Hua四、短文改错37假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Last summer, I got a part-time job like a waiter. I worked hardly and was very helpful. Everyone in the restaurant including some regular customer liked me. One day, a foreign couple, which were in their fifties, entered the restaurant. I was happy to have a chance to practice my spoken English. I went up to greet them warmly. After I took their order, I told them their food will be served quickly because us Chinese respect the elderly. Hearing my words, a look of displeasure was appeared on the wifes face. Seen my confused look, her husband explained to me the westerners disliked the description “old”. I made a apology to them, keeping in mind the lesson cultural differences should never be ignored (忽视).五、语法填空If you go out to the fields at night in spring or summer, you can hear frogs singing 38 （joy） here and thereIt seems as if they were performing a field symphonyThe frog is a good and useful creature that benefits human beings. They can catch fast-moving insects. Each frog eats a large number of pests that are harmful 39 cropsThis little creature is regarded 40 the natural enemy of pests.41 now frogs are getting fewer and fewerThis is because they are killed and put on the table as a delicious dish by their chief enemy, human beings. It is 42 shameless and cruel act，isnt it? 43 cause responsible for the rapid reduction of frogs is that farmers use insecticides （杀虫剂）to kill pests and frogs get killed as a result of drinking poisoned water44 eating poison-killed insects.Something must be done without delay 45 （save）frogs. If we dont punish those 46 sell and kill frogs to make money,then one day all of us 47 （punish） by nature for failing to keep the balance of nature六、信息匹配How to Avoid Weight Gain Over HolidaysDo you love the holidays, but hate the pounds that follow? You are not alone. Holidays are times for feasting and celebrating. Many people are worried about their weight. 48 Whether you are celebrating at the office party or sitting down for the traditional family dinner, regard eating as a time for tasting a variety of foods. The idea is to enjoy the holidays but not to eat too much. You dont have to turn away from the foods that you enjoy.Here are some tips for preventing weight gain and maintaining physical fitness:Dont skip meals.Before you leave home, have a small, low-fat meal or snack. 49Control portions.Use a small plate (about 10 inches) and put aside the large ones that may encourage you to “load up.” 50 Once you have your “tasting” serving, move away from the dining table. Doing so will make it less tempting (吸引人的) to be eating constantly as your appetite is inspired by the sight of food.Begin with soup and fruit or vegetables.Fill up beforehand with water-based soup and raw fruit or vegetables. Or drink a large glass of water before you eat to help you feel full.Stick to physical activity.51 A 20-minute walk after a meal can help burn off additional calories.52Dishes that look oily or creamy may have a large amount of fat. Choose lean meats. Fill your plate with salad and green vegetables. Use lemon juice instead of dessert or butter.AThis may help to avoid getting too excited before delicious food.BYou had better turn your attention away from delicious foods.CWith proper planning, though, it is possible to keep normal weight during the holidays.DYou should be most comfortable eating an amount of food about the size of your fist.E. Avoid high-fat foods.F. Dont let exercise take a break during the holidays.G. Youd better remember the Dos and Donts for keeping fit and slim.2020学年黑龙江省大庆市铁人中学高一下学期开学考试英 语 答 案1A2D3C4B5D6B7A8C9A10D11D12A13C14B15A16D17B18A19C20C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述作者因搬家进入一所新学校而带来的苦恼。1考查动词词义辨析。A. achieved得到；B. dreamed梦想；C. missed错过；D. forgot忘记。在短短的17年里，我得到了很多，但我也犯了一些错误。故选A。2考查形容词词义辨析。A. honest诚实的；B. clever聪明的；C. beautiful漂亮的；D. perfect完美的。我不是很完美。故选D。3考查形容词词义辨析。A. lonely孤独的；B. necessary必须的；C. easy容易的；D. long长的。而我已经意识到这并不容易。故选C。4考查副词词义辨析。A. gradually逐渐地；B. clearly清晰地；C. slightly稍微；D. ha