2020届高考英语 分类题库 解析第16集 探究性命题综合测试02

2020;2020届高考英语分类题库 解析第16集：探究性命题综合测试02Passage 11So much to do, so little time. So much information, so little time to read it. In this age there is more information than ever before. There is not enough time to read everything we want to read. However, you can consume more information in shorter time through speed-reading. This article will not make you read 3,000 words per minute, but it will show you how to increase your speed significantly. You will also learn the basic techniques of speed-reading, along with the dos and don ts of speed-reading.When you first learned to read, you would say the word out loud and sound it out. Then you might whisper the word because people can become annoyed when you read aloud. The stage you are now at is saying the word in your head. Most people tend to read this way. Saying the word in your head will cut your reading speed tremendously (极大地).How do you calculate your reading speed? The speed is measured by how many words per minute you can read. Get some reading material, preferably a book. Find out how many words are on the page. Time yourself for one minute. Start your timer and start reading. When the timer beeps, stop. If you counted 500 words on the page and you read half of the page, and then you are probably reading at 250 words per minute.The first thing about speed-reading is looking at the word and recognizing it. Dont say the word in your mind, just look at it and recognize its importance. Later you will recognize clumps of four words or more to increase your speed. This is the first and most important step in speed-reading.The next step is technique. As with any other skill, speedreading requires technique. You should first be sitting up straight with your book flat on a horizontal (水平的) surface, such as a table or desk. Next,you should be able to see the entire page. This is necessary if you want to recognize clumps of words. Lastly, you should be focused. It s hard to read with a lot of noise. Find a quiet place to read. This will help your understanding of the text.You need something to guide your eyes while reading. Thats right, you should use your hand. Remember when you were little, you would read using your finger. That is a great technique, only now youre using your hand to underline each line. Move your finger smoothly across the page. No need to go rush, start out slow. Keep your eyes focused on the words as you recognize them while using your hand as a guide. This will increase yourspeed.The third step is practice. Practice makes perfect. Set time intervals (间歇). Read using different techniques, but make sure you understand what you are reading.1. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Now there is limited information than ever before.B. Now conditions ask people to use less time to know more information.C. Now people can read what they like.D. The less you read, the more time you will spend.答案：B 指导：我们这个时代的信息比任何时候都多。在这样的时代里，人们只有提高阅读能力，加快阅读速度，花较少的时间，获得较多的信息。2. What is the subject discussed in the text?A. What speed-reading is.B. Why we need speed-reading.C. Now it is much information time.D. People should practise speed-reading in different kinds of ways.答案：A 指导：本文所谈及的是快速阅读，包括为什么要快速阅读、快速阅读速度的测定和怎样进行快速阅读。3. The underlined sentence you should be focusedin the fifth paragraph means thatA. a person should devote his attention to it while readingB. your feelings will be hurt while readingC. a person should smooth away difficulties while he readsD. you should pay attention to your faults while you are reading答案：A 指导：从第五段中可以看出，只有集中精力才能有效地进行阅读。有许多噪音很难进行阅读。Passage 12Tides(潮汐)are created mainly by the pull of the moon on the earth. The moons pull causes water in the oceans to be a little deeper at a point closet to the moon and also at a point farthest from the moon on the opposite side of the earth. These two tidalWavesfollow the apparent(明显的) movement of the moon around the earth and strike nearly every coast line at in- tervals of about twelve hours and twenty-five minutes. After reaching a high point, the water level goes down gradually for a little more than six hours and then begins to rise toward a new high point. Hence, most coast lines have two tides a day, and the tides occur fifty minutes later each day. Differences in the coast line and in channels in the ocean bottom may change the times that the tidal wave reaches different points along the same coast line. Tne difference in water level between high and low tide varies from day to day according to the relative positions of the sun and the moon because the sun also exerts a pull on the earth, although it is only about half as strong as the pull of the moon. When the sun and the moon are pulling along the same line, the tides rise higher, and when they pull at fight angles to one another, the tide is lower. The formation of the coast line and variations(变化)in the weather are additional factors which can affect the height of tides. Some sections of the coast are shaped in such a way as to cause much higher tides than are experienced in other areas. A strong wind blowing toward the shore may also cause tides to be higher.1. The height of the tide is affected by all of the following except_.A. the position of the sunB. the direction of the windC. variations in the coast lineD. channels in the sea bottom答案：D 指导：潮汐的高度受太阳、风向和海岸线差异的影响，海沟只影响潮汐的时间。由文中Differencesin channels in the ocean bottom may change the time.可知。2. If the pull of the sun equaled the pull of the moon, tides would_.A. sometimes be higher than they are nowB. be the same height as they are nowC. no longer be affected by the windD. be of equal height all the time答案：A 指导：太阳对地球的吸引力只有月亮的一半(it is only about half as strong as the pull of the moon)如果相同并作用在一个方向上，潮汐会比目前高。本题必须正确理解设问的意思3. If one high tide occurs at 1: 00 a. m. , the next high tide at the same point will occur at about_.A. 1: 25 a.m. the same dayB. 1: 00 p.m. the same dayC. 1: 25 p.m. the same dayD. 1:50 a.m. the next day答案：C 指导：潮汐12小时一次，每24小时向后延迟50分钟，题干中所给定的时间是12小时间段，故应是25分钟。Passage 13Did you ever think someone was scary because they looked different or ate strange food? Well, they might think the same about you! One of the things we all need to do is to celebrate variety. We shouldnt think badly of people from other cultures because they are different from our own.Sometimes we judge people from other countries unfairly, because one person from that culture did something bad. Well, has your class ever been punished just because a few kids were causing trouble? Has your whole family ever been blamed for something your little sister did? It doesnt seem fair, does it? Its just asunfair to blame a whole culture for what two or three people do.So here are some things that you can do to help yourself understand other cultures:1. Find common ground! Remember that even though some people look different on the outside, it doesnt change what they look on the inside. They still have the same feelings!2. Dont blame everyone because of one! So lets-say someone from another culture is being mean and you decide to avoid everyone from that culture. Well, think about it Why are you blaming them for something they didnt have anything to do with? Put yourself in their shoes. How would you feel? Trying, to understand how a person thinks can be a very good way to understand why they are acting that way. Remember, other people may not think the same way.3. Try to make friends with people from other cultures. You could ask them what they know about their culture, or what it was like in their country. Try foods from that culture, or ask them if they know any words in that language. You might be surprised at how pure other cultures can be! You call have great discussions and have lots of fun doing new things.4. Know that people always judge other people. If you know what you are thinking then you can help make things easier. Pay attention to what you think about other people. It helps!1. What is mainly discussed in this passage?A. Why there are differences between people.B. What to do to understand other cultures.C. How people feel when they meet people from other cultures.D. Where differences between people lie.答案：B 指导：主旨大意题。本文第一段总起提出面对文化差异人们所产生的错误认识的问题，然后就此提出建议。2. In the author s opinion, one mistake about how we treat cultural differences is that we_.A. cannot see and share what people have in commonB. believe that other people may certainly thin badly of usC. dont want to learn anything valuable in other culturesD. try to find the reason for the differences答案：B 指导：细节理解题。作者在第四段建议我们要find common ground可见他认为不能做到这一点是人们的错误所在。故选A3. The underlined word celebrate here most probably means_.A. to feel proud ofB. to express ideas toC. to praise and enjoyD. to pay attention to答案：C 指导：词义猜测题。celebrate通常的意义是“庆祝”，但这里应是“赞赏”之意。celebrate variety意即要把文化的差异看作是一件好事。4. By saying . then you can help make things easier. the author means you will_.A. make more friendsB. know more about the worldC. have more fun in lifeD. find fewer differences between you and others答案：D 指导：猜测句意题。从作者的总体论述中不难看出，他的观点是“只要我们能换位思考，有文化包容心理，那么一切事情都好办”，换言之，“你就会发现不同文化间无所谓有什么差别了。”Passage 14Just put on your special clothes in the morning and you could jump 3 meters into the air and even carry more than 60 kilograms without getting tired. The walk to school would be very, very easy. Such sophisticated clothing is one of the products that could be created using wearable roboticstechnology.Designed to improve a persons senses and skills, the device (装置) could be as simple as a hearing aid. Or it could be a full-body suit that senses what youre going to do, then helps you do it better.Robot legs help a man carry a heavy load.A Superman suit would be the final result in wearable robotics, said Francois Pin, head of robotics and energy systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (橡树岭国有验室), US. While these suits are at least ten years away, in some are- as the technology is already in use.Researchers are developing artificial arms and legs that allow old, disabled or injured people to move freely.A robot is a device that responds to a command. Youve probably played with simple robots, such as toy cars or airplanes that respond to buttons you push on a remote control (遥控).Wearable robotics goes further. Instead of just receiving information through a wire or remote control, the robotic de- vice can send information back to its controller.Suppose you wore a sleeve (袖子) that has sensors where your joints (关节) are. Every time you move your arm, the sleeve senses your movements and sends the information to a robot, which then moves its arm just as you did. When the robot hits or touches something, it sends a signal back to the sleeve and you sense the action.In this way, scientists are working to wrap the robot around the person. Their goal is to make the sleeve, shoe or suit help you do what you want to do.1. Which of the following can replace the underlined word so phisticatedin Paragraph I?A. Expensive B. Super-newC. Advanced D. Full of electricity答案：C 指导：词义猜测题。文章字里行间都表明这种衣服非常超前。2. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Remote Controls B. Hearing AidsC. Robot Legs D. Supersuits答案：D 指导：主旨大意题，整篇短文讲述的是supermanSuits问题。3. Which of the following statements shows the difference between robots and wearable robotics?A. Toy cars or planes can respond to buttons you push on a remote control.B. Robots can receive information through a wire.C. Some day supercharged clothes will be able to wrap around your body.D. Some day your robot-powered shoes will be able to report back as well as you give them orders.答案：D 指导：推断题。C选项没说出区别，从倒数第三段及全文可推断出D项正确。4. From the passage, we can infer thatv_.A. it will be 10 years before robotic devices are in useB. the wearable robotics technology is quite mature in some areasC. the robots in the robotic devices will do whatever you want to doD. people must become lazier and less healthy in the future答案：B 指导：细节题。由第四段最后一句可知。Passage 15Without most people realizing it, there has been revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were only used by large rich companies that could af ford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market which are capableof doing the work which used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them.The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processor system, or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as retyping letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a managers point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The ease of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.Whatever the arguments for and against word processors, they are a key feature of this revolution in office practice.1. Ten years ago, large computers were only used by large companies because_.A. small companies did not have enough money to buy such expensive computersB. large computers could not do the work that small compa nies can do todayC. large computers did not come onto the marketD. small companies did not need to use this new technology答案：A 指导：推理判断题。根据文章第一段第二句我们可以逆向推理，小公司不用大型电脑是因为他们出不起这笔钱。2. According to the writer, the main progress made in office work over the last ten years is _.A. the saving of time and moneyB. the use of computers in big companiesC. the wide use of word processorsD. the decreasing number of secretaries答案：C 指导：细节判断题。由第二题内容可知。3. We can infer from the passage that with the use of word processors,_.A. some secretaries will lose their jobsB. all jobs can be done automatically outside office hoursC. medical problems related to work with a VDU must have increasedD. the British companies will make less money答案：A 指导：推理判断题。根据第四段第二句，我们可以推测，使用文字处理系统会导致更多的秘书失业。4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. There are both advantages and disadvantages in using a word processor.B. The British companies care much for the health of the people using word processors.C. The technology in the field of computers has been greatly advanced over the last ten years.D. Using word processors, secretaries can get more time to do more interesting work for their bosses.答案：B 指导：推理判断题。运用排除法或从第四段最后一句可知选项B的说法不当。Passage 16It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a hurt brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives only three to five minutes. Sometimes the hurt brain gets better by itself. More often the doctors cant fix the hurt.Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help. It is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctor might make the person worse if he works on the brain.Dr Robert J. White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should try to make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctors a longer time to do something for the brain.Dr White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs. Then he operated on them. He made the monkeys blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys brains. When the brain temperature was 50 degrees, Dr White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back He warmed the blood again. After their operations, the monkeys were like they were before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.Dr Whites idea works well on the monkeys. Are there other problems with human beings? Dr White thinks doctors will use his idea on human beings. He thinks it will help people who have heart problems, too. A person doesnt have to die when his heart stops. Doctors can start it again. The problems come when the brain is without blood for three to five minutes, the person has a living body, but a dead brain. Maybe in the future, doctors will try Dr White.s ide When the persons heart stops, the doctors will quickly trY to cool the brain. They will have 30 minutes to start the heart again. Maybe there will be no problem with the brain.1. People probably die when_.A. their brain diesB. their heart stopsC. they stop breathingD. their brain becomes very hot答案：A 指导：推理判断题。由短文最后一段可知，心脏停止跳动，医生还能让它重新跳动，但是大脑死了，空有活的身体也是没用的。从而得出答案A.2. Dr White thinks his idea about cooling the brain will work because_.A. he has tried it on peopleB. he has tried it on monkeysC. he has tried it on heart problemsD. he has tried it on himself答案：B 指导：细节理解题。由短文的第四段可知，Dr White冷却大脑的方法在猴子身上做了实验，并达到了预期的目的。3. Which of the following is NOT tru