2020年高考英语二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气学案

课题名称二轮复习 情态动词和虚拟语气学习目标：1 自主学习创新教程情态动词和虚拟语气内容。2分析历年热门考点进行实战演练。学习难点：3各类从句中的虚拟语气一、复习时需注意的要点（一）情态动词1、情态动词在句中没有人称和数的变化。2、含有情态动词的句子改为否定句或疑问句不必加助动词，只需要将情态动词置于主语前，或在情态动词后加上not。例如：Must I write a letter to cheer him up?You neednt wait for me.3、 情态动词的过去式，例如cancould，maymight。但是少数情态动词只有过去式，例如used to表示过去常常。must的过去式往往用had to代替。4、 情态动词后还可接不定式的进行式、完成式和被动式。例如：He cant be doing his homework now. 他现在不可能在做功课。He must have attended the meeting last night. 昨晚他一定参加了会议。（二）虚拟语气1、 在if条件句中，如果含有were , should或had等助动词，if可以省去，句子用倒装。例如：Were I you , I would buy this reference book.2、 should与would都可以用于if条件句的主句中，但should一般只用于第一人称，would用于所有人称。例如：If you were here , I would tell you the news .3、 某些条件可以用介词短语without , but for 等来表示 。例如：Without your help , I could not have succeeded in passing the exam .4、 有时句子通过but或otherwise等词来表示真实与虚拟的转换，在这种情况下，只有不真实的部分用虚拟式。例如：I was ill yesterday；otherwise I would have played football with you .But for the heavy rain , we would have gone to the concert .5、 有suggest等词的相应的名词组成的同位语从句及表语从句用虚拟式。例如：I accepted my mothers suggestion that I should eat an apple every day .二、2020;2020考题分析1.(08全国17) Lizawell not want to go on the tripshe hates traveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may答案 D解析 句意为：Liza极有可能不想去旅行她讨厌旅行。may well很可能，极有可能，表示猜测。当表示猜测时，will和can不能与well连用，must只能用于肯定句中。2.(08北京21) John promised his doctor henot smoke， and he has never smoked ever since.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would答案 D解析 句意为:约翰答应医生他不再吸烟，从那以后，他再也没有吸过烟。由句意可知空格处表示允诺，故应选择D项。3.(08天津6) Shehave left school， for her bike is still here.A.cantB.wouldntC.shouldntD.neednt答案 A解析 句意为：她不可能离开了学校，因为她的自行车仍然在这儿。cant表示不可能；wouldnt have done表虚拟；shouldnt have done本不该做(却已做了）；neednt have done本没必要做(但已做了）。4.(08江西26) What a pity!Considering his ability and experience， hebetter.A.need have doneB.must have doneC.can have doneD.might have done答案 D解析 句意为：太遗憾了！鉴于他的能力和经验，他本可能做得更好。need have done本来有必要做（而没做）；must have done是对过去发生的事情的肯定的推测，表示“过去一定做了”；can have done是对过去发生的事情的不肯定的推测；might have done表示“本来可以”。5.(08湖南28) You dont have to know the name of the author to find a book.Youfind the book by the title.A.mustB.needC.canD.would答案 C解析 句意为：要找到一本书你不一定非要知道作者的名字。你可以根据书的标题找到这本书。can表示“可以，能够”。6.(08陕西9) What sort of house do you want to have? Something big?Well， itbe bigthats not important.A.mustnt B.neednt C.cantD.wont答案 B解析 句意为：“你想要什么样的房子？要大的吗？”“噢，它不需要很大，那不重要。”由.thats not important.这一语境可知，空格处应表示“不需要”，故须用neednt。7.(08四川10) Although thissound like a simple task，great care is needed.A.must B.mayC.shallD.should答案 B解析 句意为：尽管这听起来可能像一项简单的任务，但是需要非常仔细。must一定，必须；may可能，可以；shall将要；should应该。各自表达的意义不同，选may最妥当。8.(08重庆30) I cant find my purse anywhere.Youhave lost it while shopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would答案 A解析 may表达推测之意，意为“可能”。9.(08浙江11) Yoube hungry already you had lunch only two hours ago!A.wouldntB.cantC.mustntD.neednt答案 B解析 句意为：你不可能饿了，你两个小时之前才吃的午饭！cant指不可能；mustnt表猜测时，不能用于否定句；Neednt指没有必要。10.(08福建24) It is usually warm in my hometown in March，but itbe rather cold sometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would答案 B解析 must必然，一定；can可能；should应该；would（过去）将，总会。本题提供的语境是“有时可能会”。11.(08辽宁22) Peterbe really difficult at times even though hes a nice person in general.A.shallB.shouldC.canD.must答案 C解析 句意为：虽然彼得总体上来说是一个好人，但有时真的难以相处。can在这里不表示主观的推测，而表示客观的可能性。12.(08江苏35) Im sorry.Iat you the other day.Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.A.shouldnt shoutB.shouldnt have shoutedC.mustnt shoutD.mustnt have shouted答案 B解析 句意为：“对不起，几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要放在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”shouldnt have done sth.本不应该做某事(但已经做了)。13.(08山东24) Thank you for all your hard work last week.I dont think weit without you.A.can manageB.could have managedC.could manageD.can have managed答案 B解析 could have done本能够做某事（但没做）。三、2020;2020考题演练1. (09安徽29) Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they_ just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would2. (09北京25) One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can3. (09福建35) But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won4. (09湖南30) Its the office! So you_know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need5. (09海南25) What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There_ be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall6. (09上海27) It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should7. (09四川13) I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might8. (09天津15) This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. mig