2020版高考英语一轮总复习 题型重组专题练7 阅读理解-科技类、完形-说明文

题型重组专题练七(阅读：科技类；完形：说明文).阅读理解A(2020青岛市统一考试)In a computer age, a broadband Internet connection is very popular now.Whether cable or mobile broadband, todays connections are many times faster than those in the early days.Videos play smoothly, complex websites load quickly, and files download much faster than ten years ago. And the files are much bigger too.Theres a hidden problem：you have to live near enough to a major city to get broadband Internet. If you dont, its slow dialup access for you. And for those living really far away，there may be no Internet access at all.Technology experts often talk about the “last mile” problem, which refers to the difficulty of bringing Internet access to remote locations. In cities and suburbs(郊区), its relatively easy to provide access for everyone. It is much more difficult to deliver access to those living far from cities，especially in developing countries. Internet service providers，for their part，have been reluctant to provide access to sparsely (稀疏地) populated areas. The handful of Internet users they would reach wouldnt cover the expense.But every year，technological advancements allow of more and more Internet users.Most broadband connections today run over existing cable TV and telephone lines although these technologies arent available everywhere.Some companies have delivered the Internet over standard power lines.Advancements in cheaper and more efficient fiberoptic cables(光缆)promise to bring extremely fast Internet connections to more users.Still, the “last mile” problem remains hard to deal with.There will always be somewhere that doesnt have an affordable broadband connection. But someday that might not matter. If the rapid progress in cellphone technology has any indication, it may not be too long before an Internet connection simply follows you wherever you go.【答案速查】14CDBA【语篇解读】如今互联网发展迅速，这使得越来越多的人能够用上网络。但是在偏远地区，互联网的接入仍然是个问题，文章就如何解决这一问题给出了说明。1Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AInternet connections have been popular everywhere.BInternet service providers are willing to care about rural customers.CThe problem of Internet access hasnt been completely dealt with.DComputers cant become popular in developing countries.【解析】正误判断题。根据第二段“Theres a hidden problem：you have to live near enough to a major city to get broadband Internet.If you dont, its slow dialup access for you.And for those living really far away，there may be no Internet access at all.”可知，离大城市较远的地区有可能根本无法使用互联网，即互联网的接入问题还没有完全得到解决，故选C项。【答案】C2Paragraph 4 mainly tells us that technological advancements _.Amake TV and telephone available everywhereBbring great change to peoples everyday lifeCbring faster Internet connections to usersDmake it possible for more people to use the Internet【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“But every year，technological advancements allow of more and more Internet users.”可知，科技的进步使得越来越多的人可以使用互联网，故选D项。【答案】D3What may eventually settle the “last mile” problem?AThe broadband connections getting faster.BThe rapid progress in cellphone technology.CMore and more Internet connections.DMore and more Internet users.【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段的最后一句“If the rapid progress in cell phone technology has any indication，it may not be too long before an Internet connection simply follows you wherever you go.”可知，如果手机科技的飞速进步有任何的迹象，那就不用太久，互联网的接入就将跟着你到任何地方，故选B项。【答案】B4The best title for this passage may be “_”AInternet Connection ProblemsBInternet Connections Need ImprovingCProgress in Internet ConnectionsDInternet Connections Today【解析】主旨大意题。文章讲述了在因特网迅速发展的今天，也存在问题，即部分偏远地区还不能使用互联网，最后介绍了如何解决这一问题，故A项“因特网连接问题”最适合作文章标题。【答案】AB(2020西宁三校联考)Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface (BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic School in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示) a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“Our brain has billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord(脊髓) to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles.” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.The wheelchair also has two cameras that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain.Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers to disabled people can be grouped in two categories：communication，and controlling devices.One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.And the other is to guarantee that they can use the technology over long periods of time.【答案速查】58DCBC【语篇解读】本文是一篇科技说明文。为了帮助残疾人用大脑去操控机器，科学家们正在致力于研发BCI技术。5How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory?ABy controlling his muscles.BBy talking to the machine.CBy moving his hand.DBy using his mind.【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“In the laboratory，Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand.He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.”可知，在实验室，Tavella通过大脑里移动他的左右手的想法就能操作这个轮椅。他甚至还能一边看着轮椅并用他的思想指示轮椅，一边和别人交谈。因此Tavella是利用自己的思想来操作轮椅的。故选D。【答案】D6Which of the following shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?AscalpcomputercapwheelchairBcomputercapscalpwheelchairCscalpcapcomputerwheelchairDcapcomputerscalpwheelchair【解析】细节理解题。根据第五段内容“The researchers designed a special cap for the user.This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer.The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair.”可知，研究人员为用户设计了一种特殊的帽子，它会接收来自头皮的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑会解读这些信号，并指挥机动轮椅。故选C。【答案】C7The team will test with real patients to_.Amake profits from themBprove the technology useful to themCmake them live longerDlearn about their physical condition【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“One is testing with real patients，so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from.”可知，在病人身上进行实验是他们团队工作的一个目标，以便证明这项技术对广大病人有用。故选B。【答案】B8Which of the following would be the best title for the text?ASwitzerland, the BCI Research CenterBNew Findings about How the Human Brain WorksCBCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledDRobotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries【解析】标题概括题。根据第一段内容“Since the 1970s，scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers.Braincomputer interface(BCI)technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.”及下文介绍的最近的一项新发明可知，本文开篇点题，介绍了科学家研究的新技术BCI对残疾人大有裨益。故选C。【答案】C.完形填空(2020石家庄一模)Communication is an important part of any relationship.Many of us are _1_ to share our experiences or emotions with our friends. But when its our turn to lend a(n) _2_，we soon become bored or are short of ideas on how to _3_ and offer advice.Thats because of what researchers call “listener burnout (精疲力竭)”. A friend might talk to us _4_， often complaining about the same _5_ problems. When we offer quick advice to _6_ the situation, we may be unconsciously trying to _7_ ourselves from burnout.However, good listeners _8_ their natural tendency to solve the others problems hurriedly and to keep the conversation brief.To be a good _9_， you need to use “active listening”. It starts with the real _10_ to help others and think through their feelings. Dont _11_ things. You can start by putting your phone _12_ and sitting close to your friend. Let your facial expressions _13_ what he or she is saying._14_ you are able to fully understand, acknowledge the other persons _15_ by reflecting them back：“That must be really hard for you.” Use _16_ words or even sounds such as “yes” “right”， and “hmm” to _17_ the other person to continue.Of course, a _18_ can be extremely hard if the other person is too critical.But dont get defensive.Effective listeners dont _19_ negative criticism. Instead, they listen and understand what the person is trying to convey _20_responding.【答案速查】15DCABB610ABDCC1115BACAD1620DCADB【语篇解读】交流在人际关系中起着重要的作用，许多人都愿意和朋友分享自己的经历或情感，但是如何做一个善听者呢？文章对这个问题进行了说明。1A.afraidBhesitantCshy Deager【解析】我们许多人都渴望和朋友分享自己的经历或感情。be eager to do sth.“渴望做某事”。【答案】D2A.shoulder BhandCear Deye【解析】lend an ear为固定短语，意思为“倾听”。【答案】C3A.respond BexplainCargue Dquit【解析】根据“and offer advice”可知，我们对如何做出反应(respond)和提供建议没有了主意。【答案】A4A.aimlessly BendlesslyCdeliberately Dcautiously【解析】由下文的“经常抱怨同样老生常谈的问题”可知，这里应该是无休止地(endlessly)对我们谈这些。【答案】B5A.difficult BoldCacute Dsensitive【解析】参见上题解析。【答案】B6A.fix BdiscussCcreate Ddescribe【解析】由“offer quick advice”可知，应选fix，表示“解决”。【答案】A7A.forgive BprotectCdiscourage Dprevent【解析】protect sb./sth.from sth.表示“保护某人/某事免于某事”，符合语境。【答案】B8A.follow Bdis