2020年高考英语一轮闯关式训练 板块BookI Unit10 The world around us

闯关式训练板块基础过关.词语运用用所给词或短语的适当形式填空。adaptactresponsedevoteenergyvaluableamount1.I had knocked at the door for quite some time but there was still no_.2.He has much_,so he never feels tired. 3.Your thinking should be_ to the new conditions.4.During the international meeting, I_ as an interpreter.5.A large_ of land has been lying waste.6.The advice he gave us is of great_.7.All his time was_ to writing his new novel.答案：1.response2.energy3.adapted4.acted5.amount6.value7.devoted.单项填空从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。8. All the people_ at the party were his close friends.A. presentB. thankfulC. interestedD. important答案:A解析:本题考查形容词的用法。根据题意“出席晚会的人都是他的密友”，只有present 符合题意。9.Thanks for the lovely party and the delicious food. _.A. No thanksB. Never mindC. All rightD. My pleasure答案:D解析:本题考查日常交际英语。当客人表示对你的劳动欣赏时，可以用“Im glad to hear that ”或 “my pleasure”来表示感谢。10. The Parkers bought a new farm but_ will need a lot of work before they can grow vegetables.A. theyB. itC. oneD. which答案:B解析:本题考查代词的用法。11.In that situation, there is nothing you can do_ than run away.A. moreB. otherC. betterD. any答案:B解析:题意为“在那种情况下，你除了走开外，别无他法”。other than 除了；more than多于；better than 好于。12.The three sisters decided to hold a family party to_ their fathers birthday.A. celebrateB. memorizeC. congratulateD. welcome答案:A解析:考查动词。题意为“庆祝父亲的生日”。13. Her son, to whom she was_ ,went abroad ten years ago.A. lovedB. caredC. devotedD. affected答案:C解析:本题考查“be devoted to (奉献于)”短语，“to whom.”为定语从句。14.Your performance in the GRE test didnt reach the required standard, _,you failed. A. in the endB. after allC. that is to sayD. at the same time答案:C解析:根据题意“没有达到要求的标准，也就是说考试失败”可知选C项。15. Why do you want a new job_ youve got such a good one already.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when答案:D解析:根据句子结构后半部分并不是定语从句，when 除了“当时候”外，还有“既然，如果”之意。题意为“既然你有了一份工作，为什么还要另一份呢？”16.Can you come on Monday or Tuesday?Im afraid_ day is possible.A. eitherB. neither C. someD. any答案:B解析:本题考查代词的用法。本题的选择范围Monday和Tuesday两者取其一 ，但是回答是“恐怕这两天都不行。”17.Who is Jerry Copper?_? I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.A. Dont you meet him yetB. Hadnt you met him yetC. Didnt you meet him yetD. Havent you met him yet答案:D解析:本题考查时态的用法。动作“meet”发生在过去但是对现在有影响。所以最好用完成时态。18. Helen had to spoke slowly _when she was in France.A. making herself understandB. to make herself understandC. making herself understoodD. to make herself understood答案:D解析:根据题意“Helen 说话很慢的目的是为了使她被别人理解”。所以用不定式表示目的，而她自己是被别人理解，此处用过去分词表示被动。19. The smoke gathered little by little, _a huge monster.A. to formB. formC. formingD. having formed答案:C解析:本题考查非谓语动词的用法。从句子结构可以看出空白部分应为定语成分；smoke和form 之间的关系为主动，故此处用现在分词。20.You were silly not _your door and window.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked答案:B解析:命题立意：检查考生对非谓语动词的掌握和运用能力。首先，be silly 后面要接动词不定式；其次，lock发生在说话之前，用完成时。21. Colds are very _in that area every spring and in early summer.A. ordinaryB. commonC. popularD. general答案:B解析:根据形容词的用法。题意为“感冒在冬春季节很常见”。ordinary“普通的, 平凡的”，强调不特殊；common“经常地或习惯地出现的”，强调常见的，符合题意。popular “出名，流行”；general“一般的, 普通的, 综合的, 概括的”,强调概括与总结。22. The soldiers have to clear away the remains for several weeks_ everything returns to normal.A. beforeB. whenC. sinceD. after答案:A解析:根据题意“士兵们清除遗留物后一切才能恢复正常”，所以士兵做的事情应在恢复正常之前。.单句改错23. Dont hurry! There is a lot of time leaving.24. I prefer this one than that one.25. We must take measures to protecting these animals.26. Are you used to live in the countryside?27. Please explain in me this question again.28. Dont worry about her. After all, she is not longer a child. 29. These are products made by recycled materials.30. She devoted much money on books.答案：23.o28.notno29.byof30.onto综合提升.完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A land free from destruction,plus wealth,natural resources,and labor supplyall these were important 31in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution.32they were not enough.Something 33was needed to start the industrial process.That “something special” was men34individuals who could invent machines,find new35of power,and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who36the machines of the Industrial Revolution37from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were38inventors than scientists.A man who is a39scientist is primarily interested in doing his research40.He is not necessarily working41that his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is42trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may try to solve a problem by43the theories44science or by experimenting through trial and error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain a45result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of46other objectives.Most of the people who47the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not trained scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had48or no training in science might not have made their inventions49a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years50.31. A. cases B. reasons C. factors D. situations 32. A. But B. And C. Besides D. Even 33. A. else B. near C. extra D. similar 34. A. generating B. effective C. motivatingD. creative 35. A. origins B. sources C. bases D. discoveries 36. A. employed B. created C. operatedD. controlled 37. A. came B. arrivedC. stemmed D. appeared 38. A. less B. better C. more D. worse 39. A. genuineB. practical C. pure D. clever 40. A. happily B. occasionally C. reluctantly D. accurately 41. A. now B. and C. all D. so 42. A. seldom B. sometimes C. all D. never 43. A. planning B. using C. idea D. means 44. A. ofB. with C. to D. as 45. A. single B. sole C. specialized D. specific 46. A. few B. those C. many D. all 47. A. proposed B. developed C. supplied D. offered 48. A. little B. much C. some D. any 49. A. as B. if C. because D. while 50. A. ago B. past C. ahead D. before 参考答案：31.答案:C解析:从这四个词的意思来区分：case是“事例，案例”的意思；reason表原因；factor意为“因素”；situation的意思是“形势，状况”。文中句子的意思是上述条件是使英国成为工业革命中心的重要因素。故选C。32.答案:A解析:根据上下句的意思，应选一个表转折的连词，只有but符合题意。33.答案:A解析:else意为“其他，别的”，如：What else can I say? 别的我还能说些什么呢？extra意为“额外的，外加的”，如：an extra loaf of bread多加的一条面包，而这句话要表达的是“也需要其他条件”，而不是“额外条件”，排除extra。near和similar的意思相差较远，故选A。34.答案:D解析:根据下句的解释，应选“有创造性的”，creative符合题意。generating (产生的、生产的)，motivating (有动机的)和effective(有效的)在意思上不贴切。 35.答案:B解析:sources意为“来源，根源”，如：sources of power意为“能源”，符合题意。origin的意思是“起因，由来”。如：the origin of a river“河流的源头”；base是“基础”的意思；discovery是“发现”的意思。36.答案:B解析:根据句子的意思，应选create（创造，发明）这个词。 37.答案:A解析:come from的意思是“出自，来自”，与后面background搭配,意为“出于背景”。stem from意为“起源于”，如：Her interest in books stems from her childhood. “她对书本的兴趣是从童年开始的。”B、C两项的意思不对。 38.答案:C解析:more.than.是固定搭配，意为“与其说不如”。本句的意思是“与其说是科学家,不如说是发明家”。 39.答案:C解析:pure“纯粹的，单纯的”；genuine“真正的”；practical“实际的”；clever“聪明的”。句子的意思是“一个单纯的科学家主要致力于精确的科学研究”。40.答案:D解析:accurately的意思是“精确的”,符合题意。happily“愉快的”；occasionally“时而的，偶然的”；reluctantly“勉强的”均不合题意。 41.答案:D解析:so that是固定搭配，表示目的。42.答案:C解析:这句话的意思是“一个发明家或热衷于应用科学的人通常试图创造有使用价值的东西”。43.答案:B解析:这句话的意思是“通过运用科学理论”，use意为“使用,运用”,故选B。 44.答案:A解析:theories of science的意思是“科学的理论”。 45.答案:D解析:句子的意思是“他为了明确的结果而工作”。specific“明确的”；specialized“专门的”;sole“独有的，单一的”；single“单独的,一个人”。 46.答案:C解析:根据题意one of many other objectives“许多其他东西中的一种”。all全部;few几乎没有;those那些，均不合题意。47.答案:B解析:develop (使)发展。如：to develop a business发展业务。另一个意思是“研制、开发”，用在这里很恰当。如：Many new products have been developed to meet the needs of the people. “开发了许多新产品以满足人们的需要。”propose建议；supply提供、供应；offer提供、出价。48.答案:A解析:本题要求选用的是与no意义相近的不定代词，在四个选项中，只有little的意思是“几乎没有”,后接不可数名词，符合题意。 49.答案:B解析:本题要求填入一个连词，用来连接一个表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。本句的意思是说“如果没有科学家早年打下的基础，那些在科学上接受过很少或没有接受过教育的人就不可能有所发明创造”。if的意思是“如果，假使”，通常用在虚拟条件句中。 50.答案:D解析:本题要求填入的副词用来修饰一个过去完成时的谓语动词，即表示过去某个时间以前发生的动作，因而只能用before。如：He would not have achieved so much in the research if he had not studied chemistry years before.“如果他早年没学过化学的话，他在这项研究中就不可能取得这么大的成绩。”ago只与一般过去时连用，表示从现在角度看过去的某一时间。如：He studied chemistry many years ago.他好多年前学过化学。V.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。I was very disappointed not to be able to go to the jazz concert last Friday. The advertisement in the paper said that you could buy tickets at the theatre box in Richland Hills any day between 10:00 and 4:00.Since I work from 9:00 to 5:30, the only time I could go to the theatre was during my 45minute lunch break. Unfortunately, the theatre is on the other side of the town, and the bus service between my office and Richland Hills is not very good. But if you are lucky, you can make the round trip in 45 minutes. Last Monday, I stood at the bus stop for fifteen minutes waiting for the bus. By the time I saw one come around the corner, there was not enough time left to make the trip. So I gave up and went back to the office. The same thing happened on Tuesday, and again the next day. On Thursday, my luck changed. I got on a bus right away and arrived at the theatre in exactly twenty minutes. When I got there, however, I found a long line of people at the office. I heard one man say he had been waiting in line for over an hour. Realizing I would not have enough time to wait in line, I caught the next bus and headed back across the town. By Friday I realized my only hope was to make the trip by taxi, it was expensive, but I felt it would be worth it to hear the concert. The trip by taxi only took 10 minutes, but it felt like an hour to me. When I got to the theatre, I was relieved to see that nobody was waiting in line. The reason, however, I quickly discovered, was that they had already sold all the tickets.51. The man learned that there would be a concert last Friday _.A. from his friendsB. from one of his workmatesC. over the radioD. from the newspaper52. He tried to go to the theatre every day, but managed to get there only _.A. onceB. twiceC. three timesD. four times53.One day the man took_ to get to the theatre by bus.A. forty-five minutesB. fifteen minutesC. just twenty minutesD. over an hour54. The underlined word “relieved” may best be replaced by “_”.A. surprisedB. pleasedC. puzzledD. sorry55. The writer mainly shows us his_.A. enjoyment of the concertB. anger for buying the ticketC. efforts to buy the ticketD. disappointment at the concert参考答案：51.答案:D解析:文中第二句“报纸上的广告告诉你每天什么时候在什么地方买电影票”，可见他是从报纸上得知这一情况的。52.答案:B解析:上星期一、星期二、星期三没去，周四去了又发现人太多，没时间排队等待，周五坐taxi去了，但票已卖完，他去过两次。53.答案:C解析: 星期三坐公共汽车去，路上花了正好20分钟，本题可以直接从文中找到答案。54.答案:B解析:上次来,人太多白跑一趟;这次来,没见有人排队，心中如释重负，心想总算可以顺利买到票了。可见relieved意思是“感到高兴的”。55.答案:C解析:通读全文，整篇文章讲述的是作者买音乐会门票的一个小故事,与听音乐会的过程无关,没有提到喜欢或不喜欢这次音乐会。.书面表达假设你是班长，请根据下列内容在班级作一次为东南亚捐款活动的动员演讲。要求：可适当增加细节。词数：100左右。事件：地震和海啸时间：2020;2020年12月26日以来地点：东南亚和南亚后果：死亡人数超过16万，数百万灾民急