广东省中山市重点高中2020届高考英语 语法专题演练 名词01

名词专题演练一1 “Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire！” the mother shouted, with _ clearly in her voice.A. anger B. rudenessC. regret D. panic解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：“汤米，快跑！快点儿！房子着火了！”妈妈大喊，嗓音中明显带着恐慌。A项意为“怒气”；B项意为“粗鲁”；C项意为“遗憾”；D项意为“恐慌”。根据当时所处环境可知妈妈应该是惊慌失措。答案D2Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.A. tradition B. balanceC. concern D. relationship解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：我们办公室有一个惯例，当有人过生日时，他们要带来一个蛋糕供我们大家分享。tradition 惯例，传统；balance 平衡；concern 关心；relationship 关系。根据句意，A项正确。答案A3The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _ of global climate change.A. result B. causeC. warning D. reflection解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：公众中缺乏不损害生态环境的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。result 结果；cause 起因；warning 警告，告诫；reflection 反映。由句意可知B项正确。答案B4Whats the _， in your opinion, of helping him if he doesnt make an effort to help himself?A. sympathy B. themeC. object D. point解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：如果他自己都不努力帮助他自己，你认为帮助他有什么意义呢？sympathy 同情，怜悯；theme 主题；object 对象；目标；物体；point 意义，目的。故答案为D。答案D5Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens _.A. touch B. sightC. reach D. distance解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：一定要记住，把那些像刀子一类危险的东西放在孩子够不着的地方。out of ones reach 为常用短语，意为“在某人够不着的地方”。答案C6 Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _.A. consequence B. independenceC. competence D. intelligence解析本题考查名词词义辨析。句意：老师得经常更新他们的知识以保持他们的专业能力。consequence结果，后果；independence 独立；competence 能力；intelligence 智力。由句意可知C项正确。答案C7Giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big _， but now I know it was the best decision I have ever made.A. project B. commitmentC. competition D. ambition解析本题考查名词辨析。句意：放弃工作再回到全日制教育中去是一个很大的挑战，但是现在看来，那是我做出的最好的决定。A项意为“工程”；B项意为“重担，义务”；C项意为“竞争”；D项意为“野心”。根据常识判断，一个不容易做的事情常被看作是一个挑战，一项难以完成的任务或一份重担。故B项符合句意。答案B8The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients, so he has a very good _.A. expectation B. reputationC. contribution D. civilization解析句意：这位医生在治疗心脏病方面技术高超而且从不接受病人的礼物，因此他有很好的声誉。本题考查名词辨析。A项表示“期待；预料”；B项表示“名声，声望”，have a good reputation 为固定搭配，意为“享有很好的声誉”；C项表示“贡献”；D项表示“文明”。根据句意选B。答案B9I havent seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond _.A. hearing B. strengthC. recognition D. measure解析句意：自从萨拉长大我就没见过她，她已经变得认不出来了。A项表示“听力”；B项表示“力量，力气”；C项表示“认出”；D项表示“测量，度量，尺寸”。根据句意选C。答案C10This restaurant has become popular for its wide _ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.A. circle B. rangeC. area D. division解析句意：由于食物范围广，适合各种口味和收入水平(的人)，因此这家餐馆很受欢迎。division 划分，区分；area 面积，地面；range 范围；circle 圆，圈子。答案B11The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they dont give you any direct _.A. solution B. targetC. measure D. function解析句意：学校顾问帮你谈论你的问题，但他们没给你任何直接的解决问题的办法。solution 解决办法；target 目标；measure 尺寸；衡量；标准；function 功能，作用。答案A12James took the magazines off the little table to make _ for the television.A. room B. areaC. field D. position解析句意：詹姆士从小桌上拿下杂志，给电视让出了空地儿。make room for 为固定短语，意为“为腾地方”。room 此处为不可数名词，意为“空间，地方”。答案A13After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide _ for the homeless families.A. occupation B. furnitureC. equipment D. accommodation解析句意：地震过后当地政府做的第一件事是为失去家园的人提供食宿。accommodation 膳宿，食宿；occupation 占领；职业；equipment 设施；furniture 家具，由句意知D项正确。答案D14 Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000, a(n) _ of 40,000 per year.A. average B. numberC. amount D. quantity解析句意：去年拿到驾照的学员数量达到了20万，平均每年4万。an average of“的平均数”，符合句意。a number of 许多，大量；an amount of 许多，大量；a quantity of 许多，大量。答案A15Those who suffer from headache will find they get _ from this medicine.A. relief B. safetyC. defense D. shelter解析句意：那些头痛患者会发现他们能通过这种药减轻疼痛。relief 缓解，减轻；safety 安全；defense 保护，防御；shelter 保护，庇护。由句意可知A项正确。答案A16 Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late.A. tradition B. convenienceC. habit D. leisure解析句意：我正努力改掉晚起的习惯。tradition 风俗信仰的传承；传统；convenience 方便，便利；habit 习惯；leisure 休闲。break the habit of“改掉的习惯”，为固定搭配，故C项正确。答案C17He says that my new car is a _ of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?A. lack B. loadC. question D. waste解析句意：他说我新买的小汽车是浪费钱。难道你不认为那是吃不到葡萄说葡萄酸吗？ lack 缺乏；load 负荷；question 问题；waste 浪费。a waste of“浪费”，是固定搭配，故D项正确。答案D18From their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stage B. positionC. condition D. situation解析句意：从他们在电视塔顶的位置，游客们可以更好地看到这个城市。stage 阶段；舞台；position 位置；地位；姿势；condition 条件，环境，情形；situation 形势，环境。根据句意B项正确。答案B19 The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2020.A. delay B. effortC. schedule D. consideration解析句意：2020年4月当H1N1病毒在墨西哥爆发时，世界卫生组织立即向公众发出了警告。without delay(immediately) 立即，毫不延迟地，符合句意。effort 努力；schedule 时间表，计划(表)；consideration 考虑。答案A20Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.A. respect B. friendshipC. reputation D. character解析句意：独自徒步旅行会很有趣并且有益于健康，或许对性格的培养也有好处。respect 尊重，爱戴；friendship 友谊；reputation 名誉，荣誉，声望；character 性格，品格，品质；特点，特性。character building“性格培养”，故D项正确。答案D21 China has got a good _ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.A. reputation B. influenceC. impression D. knowledge解析句意：在抗击流感方面，中国以认真和畅通的组织工作而获得良好的声誉。reputation 声誉；influence 影响；impression 印象；knowledge 知识。根据句意，A项正确。答案A22In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _ for everyone to stand up.A. signal B. chanceC. mark D. measure解析句意：在我们的课堂上，铃声响起，老师合上书就是我们要起立的信号。signal 信号；导火线，符合句意。chance 机会，运气；mark 分数；标志；measure 措施，办法；尺寸。答案A23 The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library.A. access B. passageC. way D. approach解析句意：设计这个系统的目的是让学生迅速、方便地使用图书馆的数字资源。access to 是固定短语，意为“有权使用；有机会接近”。passage 通道，通路，与 through 连用；way 表示去某地的路；approach 通道，办法，途径，与 to 连用。答案A24Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. sense B. viewC. means D. idea解析句意：狗有很好的嗅觉，常常用于搜寻地震中的幸存者。sense“感官，感觉”，如：a sense of smell/hearing/taste/touch“嗅/听/味/触觉”。view 观点，看法；means，方法；idea 主意，想法。答案A25Whats the _ of having a public open space where you cant eat, drink or even simply hang out for a while?A. sense B. matterC. case D. opinion解析句意：拥有这样一个公共场所，你不可以吃喝，甚至不可以走动，有什么意义呢？ sense 意义；matter 问题；case 情况，状况；opinion 观点。根据句意选A项。答案A26 I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _.A. exchange B. bargainC. trade D. business解析句意：我只花了10美元就买了一条裙子，真划算。exchange 互换；bargain 便宜货，廉价货；trade 贸易；business 生意。根据题意可知B项正确。答案B27The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.A. prediction B. promiseC. plan D. contribution解析句意：这个年轻人向他的父母作出承诺毕业后将会自谋生计。prediction 预测；promise 承诺；plan 计划；contribution 贡献，四个选项都可以与 make 搭配，make a promise“许愿，承诺”，根据句意可知B项正确。答案B28 The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _.A. atmosphere B. stateC. situation D. phenomenon解析句意：两个国家的高层领导人在友好的气氛中举行了会谈。atmosphere 氛围；state 状态；situation 情形；phenomenon 现象。答案A29The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into_ car.A. girls; Toms B. girls; TomsC. girls; Toms D. girls; Toms解析句意：那些女孩的鞋子沾满了泥巴，因此在上汤姆的车之前我让她们把鞋子脱掉。由后文的 them 可知，此处的 girl 应为复数形式，因此其所有格形式应该是 girls，而名词 Tom 的所有格是直接在其后加s即可。答案C30Can you shoot that bird at the top of the tree?No, its out of _.A. distance B. rangeC. control D. reach解析本题考查名词的固定搭配。out of range 在射程外；out of control 失去控制；out of reach 够不着；distance 不与 out of 搭配。由语境可知，此处表示“鸟在射程之外”，故B项正确。答案B31 To the great _ of the citizens, no one else was infected with H1N1 except the 12 confirmed cases.A. relaxation B. disappointmentC. relief D. surprise解析to the great disappointment of sb.令某人大为失望的是；to the great relief of sb.令某人大为宽慰的是；to the great surprise of sb.令某人大为吃惊的是；无 to the great relaxation 的搭配。由句意可知，此处表示“令市民大为宽慰的是”，故C项正确。答案C32 To their disappointment, Dr Wang gave a speech about the economy without even a passing _ to the problem of unemployment.Aconnection BappointmentCreference Dexploration解析reference 提及，参考。句意：使他们失望的是，王博士做了关于经济的演讲却对失业问题只字未提。connection 联系；appointment 约会；exploration 探索。答案C33We should bear in mind that social development and balance of nature should go in _.Acompany BsympathyCassociation Dharmony解析in harmony 和谐地。句意：我们应牢记社会的发展应该和大自然的平衡和谐。company 陪伴；sympathy 同情；association 联系。答案D34The speech that Mr Smith made today gave a strong _ on the students.A. expression B. expectationC. reputation D. impression解析expression 表情，表达；expectation 期望，盼望；reputation 名声；impression 印象，give an impression on sb.“给某人留下印象”，为固定搭配，故D项正确。答案D35Eat less and take more exercise or youll be out of _.A. order B. shapeC. weight D. balance解析out of order 出毛病了，坏了；out of shape 健康状况不佳；变形；weight 不与 out of 搭配；out of balance 失去平衡。由句意“少吃点，多锻炼，要不然，你的身体就不好了。”可知B项正确。答案B36When advised dieting, Marsha would say, “Whats the _ in working so hard to lose weight, only to gain it all back again？