江苏省江阴市峭岐中学2020届高三英语复习 定语从句专项复习讲义

定语从句专项复习一. 定语从句的相关概念:1. 定语从句，在句子中起定语作用，修饰_或_，有时可修饰_。被定语从句修饰的词叫_。核心要素: 先行词, 关系词 定语从句可分为_定语从句和_定语从句两种。 引导定语从句的关系词有两种：关系代词：_ 等关系副词：_ 等区分如下句子中，哪些是定语从句，若为定语从句，则用横线划出先行词，并圈出相应的连接词：1. If a book is in English, that means slow progress for you.2. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students which allows them to communicatefreely with each other.3. We will never forget the days that we spent together last year.4. The prize will go to the writerwhose story shows the most imagination.5. She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction of which has taken more than three years.6. The days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.7. I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend where we enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.8. As is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.二定语从句的难点：定语从句/名词性从句 定语从句/状语从句 定语从句/强调句1The fact _ the earth moves around the sun was once questioned by people.The fact_ he mentioned in the meeting was indeed ignored by people.A that B which C when D where 定语从句的引导词在从句中是否充当成分？ _ 名词性从句中呢？_2You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.You should make it a rule to leave things in the place _ you can find them again.A B which C in which D where定语从句前面_先行词，此时where=_，地点状语从句则反之。31）It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning.It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning.2）Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday?It was in the hall _ the students often have a meeting.A. where B. which C. that D. when强调句去“It was/isthat ”句子结构及句意完整。三定语从句的主要考点：1that /which/who 的选用在下列情况中常用that： 先行词是不定代词all, few, something, anything等 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰 先行词被all, any, every, each, some, no等修饰 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰 先行词即有人又有物时 在以who, which 引起的问句中，为避免重复。在下列情况中常用which: 非限制性定语从句中 在介词后面表物在下列情况中常用 who: 先行词为anyone; those; he时1) The first text _ we are to learn is very difficult.2）Those _ come to school first should open the window.3) I am interested in everything _ I dont know.4) He changed his mind, _made us very angry5) We know nothing but the doctors and the hospitals _ you are talking about.6) The only thing _ could be done is to pray.7) He _ laughs last laughs best.8) Who is the person_ was waving his hand to you when we took a walk in the avenue?9) He took out a pistol with _ he shot at the murderer.2. which /as 的选用as常用于suchas; the sameas;asas,另as引导的非限制性定语从句,可放于主句前、后、中，常表“正如”。常用句式为：as is said above; as is known to all;as is often the case; as is reported等。which引导的非限制性定语从句，不能放于主句前，无“正如”之意。The room hasnt been cleaned for weeks,_ makes it very dirty.He was late again, _ we had expected.Here is so big a stone _no one can lift.He lost his temper again, _ is often the case.I live in the same place_ Tom does.注意：用suchas/ suchthat; the sameas/the samethat填空It is _ an interesting book _ we all like.It is such an interesting book _we all like it.suchas引导定语从句，从句_；suchthat引导结果状语从句，从句_This is _ _ bag _ I lost yesterday. (相似物)This is _ _ bag _ I lost yesterday. (同一物)3：where 的模糊用法where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。如：1. Ive come to the point _ I cant stand him.2. The country is in the situation _a war will break out at any time.小结：当定语从句修饰_等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种情形下” 。4介词+关系代词介词/介词短语的选用主要根据三个原则: 固定搭配 根据句意 从属关系1. She is the very person _ _ pocket I found my lost watch.2The documents _ _ they were searching have been recovered.3He referred me to some reference books _ _ I am not very familiar.4 This is our classroom,_ _ _ _ _ there is a teachers desk.5This is the book_ _ I got the story.6. Do you see the house, the window _ _ are all broken.注意：1) 第6句中 the window of which =_/_2) 动词性短语不可拆分时，介词就不能提前，如:The boy whom my sister is looking after is getting better.5. 定语从句中的主谓一致问题This is one of the books that_ required for study at school.He is the only one of the teachers who _ (know) French in our school.6in which case 等引导的定语从句在非限制性定语从句中，用抽象名词case, point, reason, situation, time 等总结主句的内容时，以“介词+which+抽象名词”构成从句，对所提的事进行补充说明。1The plane may be several hours late, _ _ _ theres no point in our waiting.2. The postman comes at 6.30 in the morning,_ _ _I am usually fast asleep.3. Ten years of hard work changed her greatly, _ _ _ he could hardly recognize her at first sight.4. We arrived at noon, _ _ _ the demonstration was over.5. It rained all night, _ _ _ the ship broke in pieces.四典型高考英语陷阱题1. This is the book that I have read _ dozens of times. But I have never read _. A. it, B. ，it C. it, it D. ，2. Is this room _ he lived in 5 years ago? Is this the room _ he lived in 5 years ago? A. that, that B. the one, the oneC. that, the one D. the one, that3. The farmhouse we paid a visit _ at the top of the hill.A. standingB. to standC. to standing D. to stands4. He has two children, and both of _ are abroad.A. them B. which C. whom D. who5. He has two children, both of _ being abroad.A. them B. which C. whom D. who6. I think this is the very work that we must finish _ her.A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped7. By nine oclock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma, _appeared a rare rainbow soon.A. of which B. on which C. from which D. above which8. He likes living alone, and says that he wants to go and live in a place _ nobody knows.A. where B. that C. when D. what9. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _ I can get somemedicine for my wounded hand?”A. that B. which C. where D. what10. By the window sits his wife, who, dressed in black, _ like my aunt.A. look B. looking C. looked D. looks11The factory was built in a secret place, around _ high mountains.A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were12._ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It B. As C. That D. What13. English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, each of_ u