湖北省2020高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（78）

湖北省2020高考英语二轮复习专题训练：阅读理解（78）阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ANo one else knew about the extra club （球棍）in Zach Nashs golf bag. It belonged to a friend, and Zach forgot it was there as he played his way to victory in a junior tournament last summer in Wisconsin, US.The 14-year-old accepted his medal, celebrated with his grandparents who had come from a long way to watch. But when he stopped by his country club to share the news, a professional player noticed something wrong. “Count your clubs,” he told the teenager.Fifteenone more than allowed. Zachs eyes filled with tears.If Zach had just won a basketball championship or a soccer game and someone had discovered a violation(违反) after the win, it would not have mattered. Bending the rules has become acceptable, if not encouraged, in much of sports.Golf is different. In a win-at-all-costs world, the game holds itself to a higher standard. Golf isnt a game where referees watch closely. In golf tournaments, dozens of competitors are spread across acres of land, so officials cannot hope to see each shot. Competitors call penalties（处罚）on themselves.“It was a sport for gentlemen, and gentlemen did not care about winning. They care about doing the right thing,” said Robert Simon, a golf coach at Hamilton College in New York.Honesty became a medal of honor. When one of the games early stars, Bobby Jones, was praised for calling a penalty on himself at the 1925 US Open, he replied: “You might as well praise a man for not robbing a bank.”So even the error had no effect on Zachs final scorehe has never used the extra club, the teenager packed up his medal and dropped it in the mail. “But this is golf, and rules are rules. I just knew what I had to do,” he said.Then came another tournament. Before teeing off(开球), Zach counted his clubsfour times.1. What can we infer from the text?A. A friend put an extra club in Zachs bag.B. Zach returned the medal that he had won.C. Zachs grandparents encouraged him to play fair.D. Zach regretted meeting with the professional player.2. According to Robert, golf is different from other sports in that _.A. honor comes before victoryB. players are superior to coachesC. referees have to watch each shotD. players neednt care about medals3. What can be learned from the underlined sentence?A. One should be praised for not robbing a bank.B. Bobby looked down upon bank robbers.C. Little did Bobby care about the penalty.D. Observing rules demands no praise.4. Why did Zach count his clubs four times before the following tournament?A. He remembered the lesson. B. He lacked self-confidence.C. He felt a little too nervous.D. He was no good with numbers.BWhether Im looking for a good chat with some old Mends or a quiet place to meet a colleague, the pub will be the place I always choose.I could, of course, go to a bar. But a pub, I always find, is far more comfortable and has a more relaxed atmosphere.Many people in the UK also have a favorite pub at the end of the road where they live or nearby to where they work. I can almost always guarantee that Ill bump into someone I know at my “local”, as we British call our nearest pub.In fact, many people from the UK say that the pub is a cornerstone (基础) of British life. Coming together over a drink, usually of beer, is generally considered the best way to catch up with friends. For those who are a little reserved (内向的), as the British sometimes are, its the best way to open up and get chatting.However, this habit is slowly changing among some British people. According to a survey completed in August by UK trade magazine The Publican, eating, rather than drinking, has become the main source of income for our 52,000 pubs.The gastropub (美食酒吧), with its greater emphasis on food, is primarily responsible. All over the country, this more expensive type of pub has been springing up, providing a place for more formal meetings with business partners. Wine is often drunk instead of the traditional beer.But not everyones happy. Many people hate the fact that some local pubs are closing because new gastropubs are proving more profitable. “Beer sales are sinking and many pubs are struggling to survive,” Rob Haward, of the British Beer and Pub Association, told UK newspaper The Daily Mail.For my part, Im going to do all I can to keep the local British pub alive. It will be the first place I visit when I go back home.5. The article is mainly about .A. the British pub losing popularity B. the authors love of pubsC. how the British socialize D. the local British pub6. Many British people say that the pub is a cornerstone of British life because .A. it is nearby and convenientB. it is a great place for meeting friendsC. it is far more comfortable than a bar to have a drinkD. it is easy to bump into people they know in a pub ,7. From the text, we can conclude that gastropubs .A. will replace the local pubsB. attach more importance to drinksC. are somewhere between a restaurant and a barD. attract beer lovers as well as wine lovers8. Which of the following is TRUE according to the article?A. The author is in favor of gastropubs.B. Wine is thought to show ones class and taste.C. British people do not go to pubs as often as before.D. Local pubs are being seriously affected by gastropubs.CMost of us long for relationships in which we are loved and accepted. Our hearts desire is to give and receive love in relationships that make us feel that even if others disagree with what we do or say, they still love us, accept us, and appreciate what we give to the world. While it would be wonderful to have these types of relationships with all people, we know thats hard to do. However, we can have such relationships with some others, but only when we first have them with ourselvesand, strangely, this is often the hardest relationship of all.Do you love yourself? You may think you do, but do you really? Theres only one way to find out by taking a close look at what you think, say, and do. You may not like some of what you find, but if you are serious about really loving yourself, you can use this insight to do some positive inner work. Herere three ways for gaining greater personal insight for deeper love:Listen Closely to Your ThoughtsYour thoughts will determine your actions. One thing helping you to listen to your thoughts is keeping a journal. It is not necessary for you to write in it every day, but it helps to record various insights you gain as you go about your life. Instead of using a big notebook, you might use a small notepad that you can keep in your pocket for easy access to record your thoughts as they occur to you. Whichever method you choose, whats most important is that you write your thoughts down. It will help you know whats in your heart.Be Honest with YourselfTo do this, you should pay attention to your actions. Actions speak louder than words, and they always tell the truth. If you say you love your job, but your actions say otherwise, which do you think is more reliable? On the other hand, if you say youre not good at a certain job, but your actions say otherwise, thats also important. What do you do with this insight? You can use it to make more positive choices in your life. By being honest with yourself, you will act according to truth instead of just what you tell yourself.Take Quiet Time to Listen to Your Inner VoiceThis is similar to the first point, but it takes a step further beyond the natural mind to the heart that cannot be seen. You may want to use your quiet time to think deeply. However you use this time, the key is to shut out all of the noise around you by focusing deep within yourself. Breathing deeply during quiet time will also help you focus. I know its hard to find quiet time during a particularly busy day, but its so important even if its just 10 minutes a day and you have to hide somewhere to get it. Quiet time can really make a difference in your life.Despite what your mind may be telling you, you can have love with no limits. The key is to unconditionally love yourself first.9. By looking deep into what we think, say, and do, we can .A. know whether we really love ourselvesB. appreciate what we give to the worldC. realize what type of relationship we long forD. know whether we are loved and accepted by others10. An important way for gaining personal insight is to .A. do some positive inner workB. keep a journal wherever you goC. look closely at what others say about usD. pay attention to our thoughts11. The insight we gain from our actions can help us .A. focus our attention on our jobsB. make more positive choices in our lifeC. act according to the truthD. tell the differences between our words and our actions12. It can be learned from the passage that if we want to have love without limits, we must first of all .A. be honest with ourselves anytimeB. give our love to others generouslyC. love ourselves unconditionallyD. take quiet time and think deeplyDIn our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of masteryfeeling important and worthwhileand the sources of what we call a sense of pleasurefinding life enjoyableare not always the same. Women often are told You cant have it all. Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: You choose a career, so you cant expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life. or You have a wonderful husband and childrenwhats all this about wanting a career? But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects. One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression. Mastery is closely related to the doing side of life, to work and activity. Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism. It is tied more closely to the feeling side of life. The two are independent of each other. A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa （反之亦然） . For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes. In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being. But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important. And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work. In our study, all the groups of employed women are valued significantly higher in mastery than women who are not employed.A womans well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles. At least by middle adulthood, the women who are involved in a combination of roles marriages, motherhood, and employment are the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.13. It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _ _.A. for women, a sense of mastery is more important than a sense of pleasureB. for women, a sense of pleasure is more important than a sense of masteryC. women cant have a sense of mastery and a sense of pleasure at the same timeD. a sense of mastery and a sense of pleasure are both necessary to women14. The authors attitude towards women having a career is_ _.A. negative B. positive C. neutral （中立） D. realistic15. One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, _ _.A. her life will be richer and more meaningfulB. she will be more successful in her careerC. her chances of getting promoted will be greaterD. it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strain16. The most appropriate title for the passage would be .A. The Well-Being of Career WomenB. Sources of Mastery and PleasureC. Two Aspects of Womens Well-BeingD. Multiple Roles of Women in SocietyEThats my second piece of advice, very simple: Dont make excuses. Take responsibility not just for your successes; take responsibility where you fall short as well.Now, the truth is, no matter how hard you work, youre not going to ace (取得好成绩) every class. Youre not going to succeed the first time you try something. There are going to be times when you screw up (弄糟). There will be times where you hurt people you love. There will be times when you make a mistake and you stray (偏离) from the values that you hold most deeply.And when that happens, its the easiest thing in the world to start looking around for somebody else to blame. Your professor was too hard; the coaches were playing favorites; your friend just didnt understand.No, but this is an easy habit to get into. You see it every day in Washington every day -folks calling each other names, making all sorts of accusations on television. Everybody is always pointing a finger at somebody else. You notice that?Now, this community could have easily gone down that road. This community could have made excuses well, our kids have fewer advantages, our schools have fewer resources how can we compete? You could have spent years pointing fingers blaming parents, blaming teachers, blaming the principal , blaming the superintendent.But thats Class of 2020, I want you to pay attention on this because thats not what happened. Instead, this community was honest with itself about where you were falling short. You decided to do better, push your kids harder, open their minds wider, expose them to all kinds of ideas and people and experiences.So, graduates, I hope youll continue those efforts. Dont make excuses. And I hope that wherever you go, you wont narrow the broad intellectual and social expos