陕西省礼泉县2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解联练（1）

陕西礼泉县2020高考英语阅读理解（二轮）联练（1）科普知识（阅读理解）由 (2020全国,C)改编Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example,in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A womans smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.For example,many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places;some Americans believe that Russians dont smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.Our faces show emotions (情感),but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather,there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted.For example,in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends,Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits,we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.1.What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?()A.Love.B.Politeness.C.Joy.D.Thankfulness.2.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can .A.show friendliness to strangersB.be used to hide true feelingsC.be used in the wrong placesD.show personal habits3.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?()A.Learn about their relations with others.B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.C.Find out about their past experience.D.Figure out what they will do next.4.What would be the best title for the text?()A.Cultural DifferencesB.Smiles and RelationshipsC.Facial ExpressivenessD.Habits and Emotions语篇解读:本文为说明文。介绍面部表情在不同文化、不同地域的不同含义。答案及剖析:1.C事实细节题。根据第一段“For example,in American culture(文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知答案为C项。2.B事实细节题。根据第一段“In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.”可知答案为B项。3.B事实细节题。根据文章第二段第二、三句可知答案。4.C主旨大意题。本文主要写在不同文化背景下,面部表情的不同含义。【疑难词汇解读】1.confusion n.困惑;慌乱The old woman looked at him in confusion.老妇人用迷茫的目光打量着他。2.cover v.掩饰;隐匿She laughed to cover her anxiety.她试图以笑来掩饰她的焦虑。【长难句子分析】The fact主语 that members of one culture do notexpresstheir同位语从句 emotions as openly as do members of another同位语从句 does not mean谓语 thatthey do notexperience emotions.宾语从句事实上一种文化背景下的人不能像另一种文化背景下的人一样直率地表达他们的情感,这并不意味着他们不经历这些情感。社会生活型阅读理解(二)People turn to magic(魔力)chiefly as a form of insurancethat is, they use it along with actions that actually bring results. For example, hunters may use a hunting charm(咒语). But they also use their hunting skills and knowledge of animals. The charm may give hunters the extra confidence they need to hunt even more successfully than they would without it. If they shoot a lot of game(猎物), they credit the charm for their success. Many events happen naturally without magic. Crops grow without it, and sick people get well without it. But if people use magic to bring a good harvest or to cure a patient, they may believe the magic was responsible.People also tend to forget magics failures and to be impressed by its surface successes. They may consider magic successful if it appears to work only 10 percent of the time. Even when magic fails, people often explain the failure without doubting the power of the magic. They may say that the magician made a mistake in reciting the spell or that another magician cast a more powerful spell against the magician.Many anthropologists(人类学家) believe that people have faith in magic because they feel a need to believe in it. People may turn to magic to reduce their fear and uncertainty if they feel they have no control over the outcome of a situation. For example, farmers use knowledge and skill when they plant their fields. But they know that weather, insects, or diseases might ruin the crops. So farmers in some societies may also plant a charm or perform a magic rite to ensure a good harvest.1. From the passage, we can learn that the writer of the passage may be _A. a hunter B. a farmerC. a magician D. an anthropologist2. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Magic and HuntingB. Magic and FarmingC. Why Magic Works?D. Why People Believe in Magic?3. The underlined word “spell”(Paragraph 2) most probably means “_”.A. magic words B. magic eventsC. words or expressions D. magicians4. People believe in magic because_A. magic powers are greater than natural powersB. magic can turn dreams into realityC. they are not sure of themselvesD. magic can bring good results5. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Even though magic fails, believers in magic will explain the reason.B. Believers in magic usually overstate the power of magic.C. People use magic to reduce their uncertainty and give them extra confidence.D. Magic can solve problems people cant deal with in a natural way.(三)【要点综述】 为什么有些人相信魔法咒语呢？魔法咒语真的灵验吗？这些人相信魔法咒语是因为他们缺乏自信。作者以人类学家的科学眼光分析了这种社会现象。1D2D 主旨大意题。全文主要介绍了人们为什么相信咒语。3A 词义猜测题。同形异义词需要根据上下文语境来确定其具体意义，不可受原先所熟悉词义的约束。文中第二段的“spell”与“拼写”无关，而是指“咒语”可知。4C 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，人们相信魔法咒语是因为人们需要相信它。当人们无法控制情况的后果时，就可能转向寻求魔法咒语来减轻自己的恐惧或不安，也就是人们缺乏自信。5D 正误判断题。D项意思为：咒语可以解决人们用自然的方式不能解决的问题。由文章内容可知，咒语只是人们解决问题时的一种寄托和心理安慰，并不能真正地帮助人们解决问题，故D项表述错误。其他三项均可从文中找到相应的依据。【2020高考英语河南省内黄一中一模】DSome young Cambodians are learning a new sport-skateboarding. The countrys first skateboard park is located on the grounds of local charity group at the edge of Phnom Penh, the capital.Sports like Khmer boxing and soccer are wildly popular in Cambodia. But Chea, who has been skating for 6 months, says skateboarding has already become the favorite sport.The skateboarders are learning tricks like launching a jump or flying through the air on their narrow wooden boards.A non-governmental organization called Skateistan Cambodia organizes weekly programs at the park. Skateistan started its work in Afghanistan years ago. Rory Burke is working with the group which expanded to Cambodia last year.Rory Burke points out, “Yeah, its definitely not a typical Cambodian pastime .and I think the idea of why skateboarding exists because its not been done before here. We want to use skateboarding as something saying, Hey, this is something new and different. And that kind of itself becomes a little bit of hook. People see it and they think and they say, wow, what is that? and they want to get involved.”Skateistan partners with local groups work with young people . The park is on the grounds of the group known as PSE, where children attend school and learn a trade. There are almost one hundred twenty participants. They all from troubled lives.Seventeen-year-old Sang Rotha is a student at PSE. “Sometimes I dont do well in subjects like math,” he says, “ I feel bad when I find it hard to keep up with my lessons. So that is why I skateboard to improve my bad feelings.”He says he began skateboarding more than a year ago. Before he started training, it seemed very easy. But it was very difficult to learn tricks, and he got hurt a lot from falling off.Rory Burke says learning to deal with the difficulties is part of the lesson for these