湖南省株洲县2020高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解练习（3）

湖南株洲县2020高考英语阅读理解二轮练习（3）阅读理解。You may not pay much attention to your daily elevator ride. Many of us use a lift several times during the day without really thinking about it. But Lee Gray, PhD, of the University of North Carolina, US, has made it his business to examine this overlooked form of public transport. He is known as the “Elevator Guy”.“The lift becomes this interesting social space where etiquette (礼仪) is sort of odd (奇怪的),” Gray told the BBC. “They elevators are socially very interesting but often very awkward places.”We walk in and usually turn around to face the door. If someone else comes in, we may have to move. And here, according to Gray, liftusers unthinkingly go through a set pattern of movements. He told the BBC what he had observed.He explained that when you are the only one inside a lift, you can do whatever you want its your own little box.If there are two of you, you go into different corners, standing diagonally (对角线地) across from each other to create distance.When a third person enters, you will unconsciously form a triangle. And when there is a fourth person it becomes a square, with someone in every corner. A fifth person is probably going to have to stand in the middle.New entrants to the lift will need to size up the situation when the doors slide open and then act decisively. Once in, for most people the rule is simple look down, or look at your phone.Why are we so awkward in lifts?“You dont have enough space,” Professor Babette Renneberg, a clinical psychologist at the Free University of Berlin, told the BBC. “Usually when we meet other people we have about an arms length of distance between us. And thats not possible in most elevators.”In such a small, enclosed space it becomes very important to act in a way that cannot be construed (理解) as threatening or odd. “The easiest way to do this is to avoid eye contact,” she said.【文章大意】本文告诉我们一些不成文的电梯礼仪。36.The main purpose of the article is to _.A. remind us to enjoy ourselves in the elevatorB. tell us some unwritten rules of elevator etiquetteC. share an interesting but awkward elevator rideD. analyze what makes people feel awkward in an elevator【答案】B【 解析】写作意图题。根据短文的内容可知这里叙述了电梯里的一些不成文的规定，故选B。37. According to Gray, when people enter an elevator, they usually _.A. turn around and greet one another B. look around or examine their phoneC. make eye contact with those in the elevatorD. try to keep a distance from other people【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据“from each other to create distance”可知，人们进电梯后要跟别人保持距离。故选D。38. Which of the following describes how people usually stand when there are at least two people in an elevator?【答案】C【 解析】细节理解题。根据A两个人应站在对角线。B三个人要站成三角形。D五个人要站在四个角和中间。只有C四个人站在四个角是正确的。故选C。39. The underlined phrase “size up” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to _.A. judge B. ignore C. put up with D. make the best of【答案】A【 解析】词义猜测题。size up出现在“when the doors slide open”电梯门开时，“act decisively果断行动”之前，所以应该是判断门内情况的意思，只有judge审度最接近。B“ignore”无视；C“put up with”容忍；D “make the best of” 充分利用。故选A。40. According to the article, people feel awkward in lifts because of _.A. someones odd behaviors B. the lack of spaceC. their unfamiliarity with one another D. their eye contact with one another【答案】B【 解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“You dont have enough space”可知只有电梯里缺少空间的时候感到尴尬，故选B。阅读理解.Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.“Ill be the first millionaire in Coleford!” Richard used to boast.“And youll be sorry you knew me,” George would reply “because Ill be the best lawyer in town!”George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any money. Instead both men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to make money from books, which made the competition between them worse.Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. But sometimes he sat in his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former rival （竞争对手）。Perhaps he missed him?George was very interested in old dictionaries, Hed recently found a collector in Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book was in perfect condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonishedthe smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading.“Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals Dylans. The company, owned by multi-millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia. ”( ) 1. George and Richard were at school.A. roommates B. good friendsC. competitors D. booksellers( ) 2. How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?A. He envied Richards marriage.B. He thought of Richard from time to time.C. He felt lucky with no rival in town.D. He was guilty of Richards death.( ) 3. George got information about Richard from .A. a dictionary collector in Australia B. the latters rivals DylansC. a rare first edition of a dictionary D. the wrapping paper of a book65.C 细节理解题。由第一段“Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George and Richard.”可知从上学开始，乔治和理查德就是竞争对手。A、B、D三项没有根据，可排除。66.B细节理解题。由第五段“But sometimes he sat in his narrow , old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window , thinking about his former rival （竞争对手）, Perhaps he missed him?”可知理查德消失后乔治常常想起他来，故B项正确。A、D两项文中没有交代，属于主观臆测。C项也无从推断出乔治在没有了竞争对手后感到很幸运。67.D 细节把握题。由第六段“But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in.”一句可知乔治是从包书的一张报纸上得知理查德的消息的，故答案为D。阅读理解.Sports shoes that out whether their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK.The shoesnamed Square Eyescontain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts.The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. “We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “And I wanted to tackle that with my design.”Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time.Existing pedometers （计步器） normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “That was one of my main design considerations.”( ) 1. According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to _.A. keep a record of the steps of the wearerB. deal with overweight among teenagersC. enable children to resist the temptation of TVD. prevent children from being tricked by TV programs( ) 2. Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes?A. They regulate a childs evening TV viewing time.B. They determine a childs daily pocket money.C. They have raised the hot issue of overweight.D. They contain information of the receiver.( ) 3. What is stressed by health experts in their suggestion?A. The exact number of steps to be taken.B. The precise number of hours spent on TV.C. The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time.D. The way of changing steps into TV watching time.( ) 4. Compared with other similar products, the new design _.A. makes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheatB. counts the wearers steps through shakingC. records the sudden movement of the wearerD. sends teenagers health data to the receiver( ) 5. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Smart Shoes Decide on Television TimeB. Smart Shoes Guarantee More ExerciseC. Smart Shoes Measure Time of ExerciseD. Smart Shoes Stop Childhood Overweight71. B 这是一道推断题。根据第三段“We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,she says,And I want to tackle that with my design .”可以推断出这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题。72. A 这是一道推断题。根据第四段“Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.”可知这种鞋利用走路的步数来控制孩子看电视的时间。73. C 这是一道推断题。根据第五段“Health experts suggest that a child take 12 000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television.”可以推断出健康专家给出了每天合适的运动量和看电视时间。74. A 这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat.”可以推断出类似产品可以用晃动来作弊,但是她设计的鞋使得懒惰的青少年很难作弊。75. A 这是一道主旨题。本文主要介绍了一款智能运动鞋,利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间,起到控制体重的作用。阅读理解。Shes not afraid of anything. Snakes? No problem. Walking alone in the dark? Easy. Were not talking about a superhero here - SM is a 44-year-old mother. And shes fearless because she happens to be missing part of her brain: the amygdala(扁桃腺).Shaped like a pair of almonds sitting in the middle of your brain, the amygdala helps control fear and anxiety. A rare condition called Urbach-Wiethe disease left SM without her amygdala, and seems to have completely erased her sense of fear.To try to understand how the amygdala works, a team of researchers made their efforts to scare SM. They showed her horror movies and took her to the Waverly Hills Sanatorium Haunted House in Kentucky. She pushed out one of the monsters(巨物) and laughed. SM said she didnt like snakes, but at a pet store full of poisonous creatures, she kept asking to touch them. When asked to rate her feelings, SM reported feeling surprised or disgusted, but never fearful.“She tends to approach everything she should be avoiding,” says Justin Feinstein of the University of Iowa. This means the amygdala could control deeper urges to approach or avoid danger. Other scientists have a different opinion, though. “I dont believe you can make a general statement about what the amygdala does by a single case study,” Elizabeth Phelps said. In 2002, Phelps published a study on a similar patient with amygdala damage who still showed fear.It may sound like fun to be totally fearless, but we get scared for a good reason. “The nature of fear is survival and the amygdala helps us stay alive by avoiding situations, people, or objects that put our life in danger,” Feinstein said. SM was once followed in a park after dark by a man with a knife, and she simply walked away. “It is quite remarkable that she is still alive,” said Feinstein.【文章大意】本文叙述了研究人员通过在失去扁桃腺人的身上实验扁桃腺的作用，结果发现它能控制人的恐惧，但是也有的科研人员对此产生了怀疑。41. SM dares to walk alone in the dark mainly because _.A. she is a superhero B. she has experienced such conditions a lotC. she is a mental patient D. she has no sense of fear【答案】D【 解析】细节理解题。根据shes fearless because she happens to be missing par