高三英语定语从句考点2外研社 (1)知识精讲

高三英语状语从句考点1外研社【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：状语从句考点1二. 重难点讲解：1. “May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?” “No, you cant go out _ your work is being done.”A. beforeB. untilC. asD. the moment陷阱：容易误选B，误认为这是考查 notuntil结构。分析：最佳答案选 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作业”，选 as 表原因。2. “Im going to the post office.” “_ youre there, can you get me some stamps?”A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If陷阱：容易误选A。分析：最佳答案选 B。尽管 as 和 while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当的时候”，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的 as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。当然，如果 as 不是表示“当的时候”，其谓语是完全可以用状态动词的。如：I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。（此句中的 as 表示原因，意为“因为”、“由于”）请做以下两题，答案均选 while，不选as：（1） _ you are at home alone, please dont leave the door open.A. WhileB. AsC. BeforeD. How（2） _ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her.A. WhileB. AsC. AfterD. How3. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre.A. thatB. whenC. whichD. where陷阱：几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析：最佳答案选 D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为“（在）的地方”。请做以下类似试题（答案均选 where）：（1）The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.A. whenB. wheneverC. whereD. wherever（2）She found her calculator _ she lost it.A. whereB. whileC. in whichD. that（3）You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again.A. whenB. whereC. thenD. which（4）When you read the book, youd better make a mark _ you have any questions.A. at whichB. at whereC. the place whereD. where（5）You should let your children play _ you can see them.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that（6）Now he works in the factory _ his father used to work.A. whereB. whenC. in whichD. that4. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _ stood the famous tower.A. thatB. at whichC. whenD. where陷阱：几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析：最佳答案选 D。此题与上面一题有些相似，但又有所不同：相似的是，where 均表示“在的地方”，均用以引导地点状语从句；不同的是，此题还涉及倒装，即此句的主语是 the famous tower，谓语是 stood，正常词序为 where the famous tower stood，使用倒装是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。4. They kept trying _ they must have known it was hopeless.A. ifB. becauseC. whenD. where陷阱：几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析：最佳答案选 C。when 在此的意思不是“当的时候”，而是“尽管“、”虽然“的意思。又如：He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。有许多同学只知道 when 表示“当的时候”，而不知道它还有其他许多意思，除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外，when 还可表示“既然”、“考虑到”。请做下面的试题（答案选D）：Why do you want a new job _ youve got such a good one already?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when5. He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder.A. asB. untilC. whenD. while陷阱：几个干扰项均有可能误选。分析：最佳答案选 C。when 意为“这时（突然）“，主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时。此时的 when 可以连用副词 suddenly，也可以不连用它，但值得注意的是，同学们不能单独用 suddenly 来代替 when，如下面各题的答案选A，不选B：（1）I was about to go out _ the telephone rang.A. whenB. suddenlyC. as soon asD. directly（2）We were swimming in the lake _ the storm started.A. whenB. suddenlyC. untilD. before（3）She was walking down the road _ she heard someone shouting for help.A. whenB. suddenlyC. untilD. before【典型例题】1. Dont be afraid of asking for help _ it is needed.A. unlessB. sinceC. althoughD. when2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story.A. whenB. unlessC. afterD. until3. _ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.A. Even thoughB. UnlessC. As long asD. while4 You will succeed in the end _ you give up halfway.A. even ifB. as thoughC. as long asD. unless5. “Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?” “Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.”A. afterB. unlessC. untilD. when6. _ I suggest, he always disagrees.A. HoweverB. WhateverC. WhicheverD. Whoever7. You should put on the notices _ all the people may see them.A. whereB. in whichC. atD. for them8. _ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.A. WhereverB. HoweverC. WhicheverD. Whoever9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _ she realized what she had said.A. whileB. as soon asC. suddenlyD. then10. _ her faults, shes Arnolds mother. Dont be so rude to her.A. WhateverB. WhatC. WhicheverD. Whenever11. _ youre got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _ I met her.A. first timeB. for the first timeC. the first timeD. by the first time13. Dont play by the river _ you fall in and drown!A. in caseB. so thatC. in order thatD. when14. Why do you want a new job _ youve got such a good one already?A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when15. He is better than _ I last visited him.A. whenB. thatC. howD. which16. _ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.A. So long asB. Even thoughC. SinceD. While17. _ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.A. WhileB. AsC. SinceD. Because18. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.A. As long asB. As far asC. Just asD. Even if19. _ rich one may be there is always something one wants.A. WhateverB. WheneverC. HoweverD. Wherever20. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.A. whichB. whenC. so thatD. as if21. Mr Zhang is mild in character. He never shouts _ he is very angry.A. ifB. evenC. thoughD. even when22. “How long do you suppose it is _ he left for Japan?” “No more than half a month.”A. whenB. beforeC. afterD. since23. In some countries, _ are called “public schools” are not owned by the state.A. thatB. whichC. asD. what答案与解析：1. 选 D。when 意为“在（当）时候“。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。2. 选 D。until 意为“直到“，句意为”一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心“。3. 选 C。as long as 意为“只要“，全句意为”只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地，下面一题也选 as long as：“What are you going to do this afternoon? “Ill probably go for a walk later on _ it stays fine.”A. as far asB. as long asC. even ifD. as if4. 选 D。unless 意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。5. 选 C。考查 notuntil 句式，其意为“直到才”。6. 选B。whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。7. 选A。where 指“在的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。8. 选A，wherever 意为“无论什么地方”。9. 选 B。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as：_ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.A. WhileB. As soon asC. SuddenlyD. Then10. 选A。whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。11. 选 A。now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然”，与since 同义。其中的 might as well意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。12. 选C。the first time 在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为“我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实”。【参考资料】由从句担任的状语，在句子中可修饰谓语（或其它动词）、形容词、副词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。状语从句是一较大的语法项目，也是近几年高考题中常见的一个重要试点。高考中已考查了时间、让步、地点、条件、目的等状语从句，这些从句仍是今后高考热点，应作充分准备。同时对方式状语从句也应引起重视。（一）时间状语从句表示时间的状语从句可由when, as, while, whenever, after, before, till （until）, since, once, as soon as （或the moment ）, by the time, no sooner than, hardly （scarcely） when, every time等引导。eg.When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.He started as soon as he received the news.Once you see him, you will never forget him.No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.（二）原因状语从句原因状语从句是表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的连词是because, since, as , now that（既然）等，for 表示因果关系时（它引导的不是从句）为并列连词，语气不如because强。eg.He is disappointed because he didnt get the position.As it is raining, I will not go out.Now that you mention it, I do remember.（三）地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词是where 和wherever等。eg.Sit wherever you like.Make a mark where you have a question.（四）目的状语从句引导目的状语从句最常用的词（组）是so, so that（从句谓语常有情态动词）, in order that, in case（以防，以免）等。eg.Speak clearly, so that they may understand you.She has bought the book in order that she could follow the TV lessons.He left early in case he should miss the train.（五）结果状语从句结果状语从句是表示事态结果的从句，通常主句是原因，从句是结果。由so that （从句谓语一般没有情态动词）, so that, such that等引导。eg.She was ill, so that she didnt attend the meeting.He was so excited that he could not say a word.She is such a good teacher that everyone admires her.【模拟试题】一. 用适当的连词填空：1. Dr. Bethune（白求恩）came to China _ he was fifty.2. He began to work _ he got there.3. Lets begin our meeting _everyone is here.4. I like the English people, _ I dont like their food.5. _ you go in China, you can see smiling faces.6. He didnt come to the lecture, _ he was very busy.7. _we had enough time, we walked to the cinema.8. They will help you _ you meet with difficulty.9. _ we came to the university, we have learnt quite a lot.10. I didnt join them yesterday evening _ I had to go to an important meeting.11. We would try to get a car _we could all travel together more easily.12. She wouldnt forget her mothers birthday _ she seldom wrote to her family.13. Were doing everything we can to make things as easy for you _we can.14. The meeting became so disorderly _ the speaker had to shout the audience down.15. He was angrier _ ever before.16. _ you lock all the doors, he can still manage to get in.17. The boy was so tired _ he fell asleep on the bus.18. Hard _ he tried, he couldnt force the door open.二. 选择填空：1. Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. beforeB. becauseC. as soon asD. although2. She will sing a song _ she is asked.A. ifB. unlessC. forD. since3. We will work _ we are needed.A. wheneverB. becauseC. sinceD. wherever4. Read it aloud _ the class can hear you.A. so that B. ifC. when D. although5. _ you go, dont forget your people.A. Whenever B. HoweverC. Wherever D. Whichever6. It is about ten years _ I met you last.A. since B. forC. when D. as7. They will never succeed, _ hard they try.A. because B. howeverC. whenD. since8. _ still half drunk, he made his way home.A. When B. BecauseC. ThoughD. As9. _ she was very tired, she went on working.A. As B. AlthoughC. EvenD. In spite of10. Busy _ he was, he tried his best to help you.A. as B. whenC. sinceD. for11. I learned a little Russian _ I was at middle school.A. though B. a