（讲练测）2020年高考英语一轮复习 模块7.2 Fit for life（讲）（含解析）牛津译林版

Unit 2 Fit for life一、重点词汇熟记下列单词chew v.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬，啃applaud v.鼓掌；称赞，赞许circulate v.循环；传播，散布；传递，传阅needle. n.针，针头；指针operating theatre n.手术室life-saving adj.救命的，救生的cupboard n.橱柜；食物柜；衣柜counter n.柜台；计数器；反驳tablet n.药片；丸；牌，匾，碑best-selling adj.畅销的vital adj.对极重要的，必不可少的heart attack n.心脏病发作surgeon n.外科医师blood sugar n.血糖abnormal adj.不正常的，反常的mass production n.批量生产symptom n.症状；征兆outcome n.结果，后果dull adj.钝的，不锋利的；迟钝的pressure point n.压觉点、止血点sword n.剑，刀stainless steel n.不锈钢sharp adj.锋利的；急剧的；灵敏的complex adj.复杂的，难懂的pulse n.脉，脉搏；脉冲heartbeat n.心跳wrist n.手腕，腕关节organ n.器官；管风琴，风琴alcoholic n.酒鬼theory n.理论，学说acid n.酸，酸性物质 adj. 酸的，酸性的，酸味的，尖酸的potential n.可能性，潜在性；潜力，潜能 adj.潜在的，可能的词性(词形)变化sickness n.疾病；恶心，呕吐sick adj.生病的；恶心的，呕吐的bleed v.流血，失血blood n.血phenomenon n. 现象phenomena (复数形式)beneficial adj.有益的，有用的benefit n. 利益，好处v. 有助于，受益possess v.拥有，具有possession n. C，常用复数所有物；财产U具有，拥有astonish v.使十分惊讶，使吃惊astonished adj.吃惊的astonishing adj.令人吃惊的astonishment n. 惊讶，吃惊application n. 应用，运用；申请，申请表；涂抹，外敷applyvi.申请vt.应用；涂，敷applicant n. 申请人effective adj.有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的effect n. 结果，效果approval n. 批准，通过；赞成，同意approvevt.批准，同意vi.赞成reasonable adj.合理的，有理由的；公道的；明智的reason n. 理由arrangement n. 排列，布置；安排；约定，协议arrangev. 安排，筹划；整理，排列，布置addicted adj.上瘾；入迷addict vt.使沉溺，使上瘾 n. 入迷的人，有瘾的人addiction n. 沉溺；上瘾；入迷addictive adj.使人上瘾的relate v.联系，把联系起来；叙述，讲述related adj.有关的，相联系的relation n. 联系，关联，关系；亲戚，亲属；亲戚关系，亲属关系relative adj.相关的；相对的；相互有关的；比较而言的n.亲属，亲戚；相关物；亲缘植物(或动物)subscribe v. 定期订购或订阅subscriber n. 订阅者；订购者；捐助者subscription n. 订阅，订购；捐助；签字，签署chemist药剂师，药商；化学家chemistry n.化学chemical adj.化学的revolution n.巨变，大变革；革命revolutionary adj. 革命的，革命性的，创新的 n. 革命者，革新者accelerate v. (使)加速acceleration n.加速，(物理)加速度unable adj.不能，无法able adj.能，能够disable v. 使无能力，使残废，使伤残，使无资格，使不中用短语英语汉语意义英语汉语意义in large quantities大量地 in place of代替 try out测试，试验；参加选拔be addicted to对上隐，痴迷let out放出，发出take measures采取措施look around 环顾 burst out laughing突然大笑起来turn up 出现，到场，开大(声音)be beneficial to 对有益fill in 填写in form / in the form of 以形式split up 分开，分离carry out 执行，进行a handful of 少数的，少量的manage to do sth. 设法做成某件事 be cautious about对小心谨慎fade away逐渐消失subscribe to同意，赞成come up with 提出 open up打开；开拍wear sb. out使筋疲力尽；使厌烦focus on 集中于 make out 分辨出；弄明白 pick out认出，辨别出，精心挑选be aware of知道；意识到含重点词汇的教材原句(划线部分)1.【教材原句】Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficialto mankind since they were invented.(P18) 自这两种药被发明以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。2.【教材原句】Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to reduce body pains and fever.(P18)将近3500年前，人们咀嚼一种含有特殊化学物质的树叶或饮用由这种树叶制成的茶，以减轻身体疼痛或退烧。3.【教材原句】Not only has aspirin proved vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.(P18)结果证明是阿司匹林不仅对退烧和镇痛极为重要，而且对其他病症也有辅助作用。4.【教材原句】Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulatebetter. (P18) 美国医生劳伦斯克雷文在1953年提出一个观点，即阿司匹林可能有助于降低心脏病发作的风险，因为它能改善血液循环。5.【教材原句】It astonished him to see the bacteria surrounding the mould dead，which meant that the mouldhad killed them.(P19)令他十分惊讶的是，他发现这种霉周围的细菌都死了，这意味着这种霉杀死了它们。6.【教材原句】He immediately realized that the mould might have anapplication in treating illnesses caused by bacteria. (P19)他立刻意识到这种霉或许能用于治疗由细菌引起的疾病。7.【教材原句】Since the new drug was needed for World War ，the government approval process forpenicillin was accelerated, and mass production began in 1944.(P19)因为二战期间需要这种新药，所以政府审批青霉素的程序加快，并于1944年开始批量生产。8.【教材原句】adjusting lighting arrangements(P27)调整照明设施9.【教材原句】The main needle now used for acupuncture is fine andsharp. (P30)如今，用于针刺疗法的主针细而锋利。10.【教材原句】Some people have also used acupuncture to treat smokers, alcoholics and people who are addicted to drugs. (P31) 有些人也用针刺疗法来治疗吸烟者、酗酒者以及对毒品上瘾的人。11.【教材原句】Another theory relates acupuncture to the production of chemicals in the body which reduce pain.(P33)另一种理论则将针灸和人体内减少疼痛的化学物质的生成联系起来。12.【教材原句】Fleming triedthis mould outon another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. (P19)弗莱明将这种霉用在另外一种细菌上做试验，发现它同样杀死了那种细菌。13.【教材原句】Due tothe widespread use of penicillin, many lives were saved during the war. (P19)正因为青霉素的广泛应用，战争期间的很多生命得以挽救。14.【教材原句】Today I feel worn out.(P25)今天我感到筋疲力尽。15.【教材原句】.and a needle like a small sword，used for letting liquid out of body parts which had swollen up.(P30)形似小剑的针，用于将液体从身体的肿胀部位导出16.【教材原句】A lot of people now subscribe tothese theories. (P31)很多人现在都认同这些理论。二、经典句型考点-1.if省略句【教材原句】Have you ever seen a doctor？If so, what happened？(P17)你曾经看过医生吗？如果看过的话，发生了什么事？考点-3. prove用作连系动词时的句型【教材原句】Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.(P18)自这两种药被发明以来，它们已挽救了数百万人的性命，并已证实对人类有益。三、语法自主复习复习本单元的Grammar and usage：连系动词。连系动词连系动词亦称系动词(Linking verb)，连系动词本身有词汇意义，但不能单独构成动词词组，它后面必须带有表语(如名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动名词、过去分词或从句等)形成所谓“系表结构”。有一些行为动词可以充当半连系动词，后面常接形容词作表语。一、连系动词的种类1.状态系动词这类连系动词表示主语某种状态的持续。常见的有be(是), remain (依然)，keep (保持)，stay (保持)，lie (处于状态)等。她整个晚上都沉默不语，我们为她担心。She remained silent all night, and we all worried about her.这本书翻开着放在桌子上。The book lay open on the desk.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A. sticking B. stuckC. to be stuck D. to have stuck2.表象系动词这类连系动词常见的有seem (似乎是), appear (似乎，显得)等。在我们的祖父母看来，他的画似乎是荒唐可笑的。In the eyes of our grandparents, his painting seemed absurd.他看起来也许很傻，但实际上他很聪明。He may appear a fool, but actually hes quite clever.注意：(1)seem 和appear后可以接to do, to be doing以及to have done的形式，也可用于句型：It seems/appears that 主语其他。他好像做了很多实验。He seems to have carried out plenty of experiments.(It seems that he has carried out plenty of experiments.)(2)seem后还可以接as if/as though引导的表语从句。根据语境的不同，从句可用陈述语气或虚拟语气。他好像对新工作又失去了兴趣。It seems as if he has lost interest in his new job again.好像已经是春天了。It seems as if it were spring already.(3)seem不能用于进行时；appear还可以用作实义动词，有各种时态的变化。Look at the pride on Toms face. He _to have been praised by the manager just now.A. seemed B. seemsC. had seemed D. is seemingThe great chance he has been looking forward to _at lastA. appearB. AppearingC. Has appearedD. appeared3.感官系动词这类连系动词是与五种感觉器官相关的动词。常见的有look(看起来)，feel (摸上去)，smell (闻起来)，taste (尝起来)，sound (听起来)等。What he says sounds reasonable.他的话听起来有道理。This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _ nice.A. looks B. smellsC. feels D. tastes4.变化系动词这类连系动词表示主语从一种状态进入另一种状态。常见的有become, turn, grow, go, come, fall, get等。我们的国家变得越来越强大了。Our state is getting/becoming stronger and stronger.机器出故障了，找人修修吧。The machine went wrong. Lets have it repaired.天气变得寒冷多风。The weather has turned cold and windy.注意：turn 后接表示职业的单数可数名词作表语时 名词前一般不用冠词， 但若该名词前有形容词修饰时，名词前一般不用冠词;但若该名词前有形容词修饰时,则需要加冠词。这位年轻的工人成了一名作家。The young worker has turned writer.她成了一名成功的歌手。She has turned a successful singer.go常指情况往坏处转变，后多接贬义词。come 一般指“好”的变化这肉变味了。The meat has gone bad.她的梦想实现了。Her dream has come true.二、使用系动词时应注意的问题1.有些系动词与表语已成固定搭配。fall asleep入睡fall ill生病go mad发疯go hungry挨饿come true变成现实，实现keep silent/calm保持沉默/保持安静keep/stay calm保持镇定/冷静，保持安静keep still 保持静止不动lie awake睡不着stand still 站着不动Attention, please! And keep _ wh