2020年高考英语一轮复习 专题03 Understanding each other精品学案 牛津译林版

2020年高考英语一轮复习精品学案 专题03 Understanding each other（牛津译林版） 【复习目标】核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式二、译出下列短语重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）【自主归纳】词性变化difference(n.) adj. 不同的，有区别的；有差异的v. 不同于熟记下列词组：make no difference (to sb./sth.) 对某人/某事不重要、不要紧make some difference (to sb./sth) 对某人/某事有些作用或影响tell the difference between A and B说出A和B的不同之处A differ from B=A and B differ from each other=A be different from BA不同于B/ A与B不同完成下列句子（一句多译）：在这方面法语和英语不同。in this aspect.【即时巩固1】(1)It wont make much _ whether you agree or not.A. difficultyB. troubleC. differenceD. matter(2)The two birds _ each other in shape and color. So I cant tell the _between themA. are different from; differentB. differ from ; differentC. different from ; difference D. differ from ;difference(3)Chinese English greatly not only in pronunciation but also in spelling.A. differing from B. different from C. differs from D. is differ from词汇-2. suppose v.【自主归纳】句型转换（suppose的重点用法）(1) All of his friends will suppose her to be his wife.All of his friends she is his wife.(2)If you had one million dollars, what would you do ?one million dollars, what would you do?(3) Roosters are thought to drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremonyRoosters drive bad spirits away from the wedding ceremony.(4)We should have helped each other.We help each other.词汇-3. congratulate v.【教材原句】During the ceremony, the hen laid an egg, and everyone congratulated the new couple because it was considered very lucky.(P34)【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意congratulate的搭配(1)I congratulate you on your great discovery.(2)I want to congratulate you with all my heart.(3)He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.【即时巩固3】(1)Famous physicists from all over the world came to the US to _the centennial of Einsteins birth.A. observe B. congratulate C. celebrate D. keep(2)When the Chinese team won the match, many football fans organized different activities _ the success.A. to congratulate B. celebratedC. to express congratulations D. in celebration of【自主归纳】译出下列词组允许某人做某事（某人）被允许做某事允许做某事被允许做某事【即时巩固4】(1)Weather , well go for a picnic tomorrow.A. promisingB. permitsC. allowedD. permitting(2)What did the librarian _ out of the library?A. permit to takeB. forbid to be taken C. allow to takeD. insist being taken(3)I dont allow _ in my office and I dont allow my family _ at all.A. to smoke; smoking B. smoking; to smokeC. to smoke; to smoke D. smoking; smoking(4)Passengers are permitted _ only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried【即时巩固5】(1)The only one in our office that is_ the new system is Jimmy, in whose absence, we had no choice but to wait.A. familiar to B. popular with C. popular to D. familiar with(2)Everyone can sing this song. It means this song is_ people.A. familiar with B. popular with C. popular forD. familiar for(3)She has already tried her best. Please dont be to _ about her job.A. popularB. responsibleC. familiar D. particular词汇-6. power n.【教材原句】The Plains Indians believe in the Great Spirit who has power over all things including animals, trees, and clouds.(p47)【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意power的词性变化和意义(1) She lost her power of speech.(2)They refused to bow to power.(3)Recently the economic power of many Asian countries has grown dramatically.(4)The President is more powerful than the Prime Minister.(5)The villagers are powerless against the armed invaders.【即时巩固6】(1)Not that John doesnt help you, but that it is_.A. within his powerB. in powerC. into powerD. beyond his power(2)He was eager to study, but his family was _to send him to school.A. helpless B. hopeless C. powerless D. homeless(3) President Obama in 2020 and now he has _for more than 3 years.A. came into power; come into powerB. came into power; been in powerC. was in power, come into powerD. was in power; been in power【自主归纳】根据汉语用take所构成的词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）(1)Who was it that my English-Chinese dictionary?是谁拿走了我的英汉词典？(2)The club a new member last week.俱乐部上星期又吸收了一名新会员。(3)I forgot to his telephone number.我忘了记下他的电话号码。(4)The insect can the color of its surroundings. 这种昆虫能随环境而变色。(5)My father is me to a show tonight.我父亲今天晚上要带我去看表演。(6)George will his fathers business soon.乔治很快就要接管他父亲的事业了。(7)You should to play computer games.我们应该轮流玩电脑游戏。【即时巩固7】(1)We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all .A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up(2)This was the moment when Jacksons career really .A. took awayB. took inC. took upD. took off【即时巩固8】根据汉语完成句子(1)他连父母的话都不听，更不用说祖父母的了。He wouldnt listen to his parents, .(2)这个两岁大的宝宝还不会走路，更不用说跑了。The 2-year-old baby cant even walk, .(3)我们一定不要理他，他看上去像个疯子。because looks like a crazy man.【自主归纳】选用下列词组或句型填空believe sb.相信某人的话 believe in sb.信任某人believe it or not信不信由你 beyond ones belief难以置信，不可思议Its ones belief that某人相信 have belief in相信(1)To my surprise, what he did is .(2) , child as he is, he can do it easily.(3)My grandfather didnt doctors.(4) my brother will win the game.(5)I , but I dont him.【自主归纳】译出常常被误用成被动语态的词组belong是不及物动词，跟to搭配时，才可接宾语，但不能用于被动语态和进行时态。take place come aboutbreak out come outgive out run outcome true二、重点句型梳理（含重点语法）1.【教材原句】Waled, why dont you tell her about the British teacher who opened the present as soon as he received it at the end-of-term ceremony.(P34)瓦利德，为啥不给她讲一讲那位英国老师在期末典礼上一收到礼物就打开的事呢？【句法分析】本句中 “why dont you do sth.?”句型的句法功能是表示“建议 ”；另一种表达方式为“Why not do sth?”，而Why not?作为答语时表示“赞同”。【即时巩固11】(1) How about putting some pictures into the report? A picture is worth a thousand words.A. No way. B. Why not? C. All right? D. No matter.(2)Since you like the car so much,_ it back?A. why driveB. why wont driveC. why not drive D. why to drive2.【教材原句】And you probably wouldnt get much sleep if you lived near where a wedding reception was being held.(P34)另外，如果你们家住在婚礼举办地附近，你很可能睡不了多少觉。【语法分析】句中“wouldnt get much sleep if you lived”用了“if虚拟条件句”。if虚拟条件句主从句谓语动词的构成情 况从句谓语动词的构成主句谓语动词的构成与现在事实相反过去式（be用were）should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+过去分词should/would/could/might +have+过去分词与将来事实相反过去式should+动词原形were+不定式should/would/could/might+动词原形【即时巩固12】【即时巩固13】(1) in a heavy traffic jam is quite an unpleasant experience.A. Caught B. Having caught C. Being caught D. To catch(2) What made him embarrassed?.A. Being late again B. For being late againC. Be late again D. So as to be late again5.【教材原句】In Thailand and other parts of South East Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with the hands pressed together.(P43)在泰国和东南亚其他一些地区，通常的打招呼方式是双手合十并微微鞠躬。【句法分析】本句中“with the hands pressed together”是“with宾语过去分词”的with的复合结构的一种，常在句中作状语，其中宾语与后面的动词之间构成被动关系。常见的with的复合结构还有：with+宾语+不定式/现在分词/形容词/副词/介词短语等。【即时巩固15】(1)You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much.A. forB. whenC. with D. while(2)_ more and more forests destroyed, many animals are facing the danger of dying out.A. Because B. AsC. With D. Since(3)I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _.A. going onB. goes onC. went on D. to go on【参考答案】核心词汇一、根据句意及中文提示写出所缺单词的完全形式1.celebration 2.expectation 3.reception 4.account 5.ern 7.adjusting/adopting 8.differences 9. accents 10.belonging二、译出下列短语重点句式根据中文提示完成下列句子（参看重点句型梳理）重要知识详解一、重要词汇（单词+词组）词汇-1. difference n.【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意difference的意义和搭配(1)从来都分不清这对双胞胎(2)对比赛没多大影响(3)与无关。(4)对我的一生有重大影响【自主归纳】词性变化different, differFrench differs from English in this aspect.French and English differ (from each other) in this aspect.French is different from English in this aspect.【即时巩固1】CDC词汇-3. congratulate v.【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意congratulate的搭配(1)我祝贺你的伟大发现。(2)我衷心地祝贺你。(3)他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于难。【自主归纳】辨析congratulate与celebrate(1)celebrate(2)congratulated(3)celebration(4)Congratulations【即时巩固3】CC词汇-4. permit v. & n.【例句研读】翻译句中的划线部分，注意permit的词性（形）变化、意义和搭配(1)允许他在那儿停车(2)不允许在他房间里抽烟(3)如果时间允许的话(4)如果时间允许的话(5)没有狩猎证(6)未经允许词汇-5.familiar adj.【例句研读】翻译下列句子，注意familiar的意义和搭配(1)你熟悉这些细节吗?(2)他在电话上的声音我听起来很熟悉。(3)他与我们关系很好，所以他与我打招呼时常常亲切地直呼其名。【自主归纳】选用下列词组填空（注意动词形式的变化）(1)to seize power(2) have no power over him(3)came into power last month.(4)beyond my power(5) within their power【即时巩固6】DCB词汇-7.take off和take up【例句研读】译出划线部分，注意take off在句中的意义(1)脱掉衣服(2)飞机起飞(3)开始腾飞(4)休假两个星期词汇-8. let alone(1)我不会说意大利语，更别说写了。(2)别管他了，他一定是喝醉了。（这儿let him alone=leave him alone）【自主归纳】let alone的同义词组（译出划线部分）(1)更不用说对环境的毁害了(2)更不用说赢得冠军了【即时巩固8】根据汉语完成句子(1)let alone his grandparents (2)let alone run (3)We must let/leave him alone【即时巩固9】DB词汇-10.belong to【例句研读】译出下列句子，注意belong在句中的用法(1)未经允许不要用别人的东西（不属于你的底细），那很不礼貌。(2)现在，如果你愿意原谅我，我将要回到属于我的地方去。(3)请你告诉我你是不是这个网球俱乐部的会员，好吗？单元知识综合练第一部分 基础知识训练（一）单词拼写（二）单项填空1.During the flight to the Moon, Change I Satellite gradually_ her directions so that she can go into her programmed orbit.A. acceptsB. adoptsC. adjustsD. adapts2.The UN is the international organization which _ all countries to settle any conflicts between two countries.A .lose power overB. has power overC. seize the power ofD. come into power of 7.On October 1st every year all the Chinese people hold great parties the birthday of New China.A. in celebration ofB. in memory ofC. in favor ofD. in praise of8.If you, I would go with him to the party.A. I am B. I had been C. I will be D. I were9.If I your letter, I would have written back two days ago.A. received B. should receive C. had received D. could have received10. If it rain next week, the farmers could still have a good harvest.A. should B. could C. would D. might（三）根据方框内所给短语的适当形式完成句子Ashow around be supposed to driveaway adjust totake off be familiar with meet with gets accustomed to 1.Having lived in the countryside for so many years, my grandparents find it hard _ the city life.Bbelong to take part in believe in hunt forhave power over makefrom meet with be home to （四）语法填空（用所给动词的适当形式填空）第二部分 能力运用（一）完型填空请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后中题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。When I began planning to move to Auckland to study, my mother was worried about a lack of job and cultural differences. Ignoring there 1 , I got there in July 2020. 2 I arrived, I realized the importance of getting a job 3 my living experience.Determined to do this 4 I spent several weeks going door-to-door for a job, but found5 response (回应).One afternoon, I walked into a building to ask 6 there were my job opportunities (机会). The people there advised me not to continue my job search in that 7 . As I was about to8 , a man who bad been listening approached me and asked me to wait outside 9 . Nearly ten minutes later, he 10 . He asked me about my plants and encouraged me to stay 11 . Then he offered to take me to Royal Oak to12 a job.I was a little surprised, but had a 13 feeling about him. Along the way, I realized that I had 14 rsums (简历). Seeing this, the man 15 at his business partners office to make me fifteen 16 copies. He also gave me some 17 on dressing and speaking. I handed out my rsum and went home feeling very 18 . The following day, I received a 19from a store in Royal Oak offering me a job.It seems that the world always 20 to you when you need it. And this time, it was a complete stranger who turned out to be a real blessing.11. A. silent B. busy C. positive D. comfortable12. A. pick out B. search for C. take on D. give up13. A. dull B. good C. guilty D. general14. A. made use of B. taken care of C. run out of D. become tired of15. A. stopped B. knocked C. glanced D. appeared16. A. right B. more C. former D. different17. A. pressures B. agreements C. impressions D. suggestions18. A. lonely B. funny C. disappointed D. satisfied19. A. call B. tip C. present D. report20. A. turns off B. goes over C. gives back D. looks up（二）阅读理解请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。AValues and AttitudesValues are peoples basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong，good and bad. An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example，many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries，and they buy a lot of it.Customs and MannersCustoms are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States, it is the custom to have salad(色拉) before the main course at dinner, not after. Its not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesnt sell well because the French dont usually drink juice with breakfast.1.A successful people in international business should_.A. understand the cultures of other countries but attach more importance to his ownB. make decisions based on the habit and custom of his ownC. consider his interest first, then the cultures of other countriesD. change his practice according to different cultures2.A knowledge of the local language allows international business people_.A. to be more open with their customersB. to communicate without outside helpC. to express their thoughts indirectlyD. to have a better idea of their own culture3.What would be the best title for the text?A. Misconceptions in BusinessB. Basic Beliefs in BusinessC. International Business CultureD. Successful International Business4.The authors purpose of writing this article is to tell people_.A. how to take a right attitude in businessB. how to avoid misunderstandings in businessC. how to use a local language in businessD. how to act politely and properly in businessB Help OthersSome organizations cooperate with businesses to have accommodations (住宿) and activities for short-term volunteers. Most volunteer vacations involve ecology friendly or charity activities. A volunteer getaway is a way to relieve stress and help others at the stone time.Stay in a National ParkFor those who want to relax in a rural environment, a national park fits the bill. Most national parks provide camping areas for tents and trailers. Several have cabins ( 小屋) within the parks available to rent. A getaway to a national park provides privacy, stress relief, and the time to get to know some important natural resources.5.The underlined word getaway in this passage most probably means_.A. an exciting explorationB. an interesting locationC. a short vacation D. an unforgettable experience6.It can be learned from the text that_.A. spas are offered in the tourist attractions all over the countryB. intensive courses of some organizations help people get away from homeC. helping others at weekend makes people feel more stressfulD. people may get close to nature in a national park7.Which of the following can be rented in a national park?A. Cabins. B. Trailers. C. Camping areas. D. Tents.8.The best title of the passage can be_.A. Away front Our Busy WorkB. Good Ways to Relieve StressC. Enjoy Life and Help OthersD. Long Weekend Getaway Ideas（三）任务型阅读The differences between cultures can make it very difficult to adjust to the new surroundings. When you go to a new place, such as a new country or even a new city，you often enter a culture that is different from the one you left. Sometimes your culture and the new culture are similar. Sometimes, they can be very different. What might be perfectly normal in one culturefor example, spending hours eating a meal with your familymight be unusual in a culture that values a more fastpaced lifestyle.Culture 1._DefinitionCulture shock is a kind of 2. _people have when living in a new and different culture.Culture shock results from the difficulty people have in 3._themselves to new surroundings.Culture shock is 4._.5._6._largely determine your appearance and behavior.Culture，an important part of 7._,has an influence on the 8._people look，act and communicate.The 9._between cultures contribute to the difficulty in getting used to new surroundings，as something 10._in one culture seems unusual in another.（四）书面表达假定有一批外宾要在中国过春节（Spring Festival）, 他们很想了解关于我国春节的一些情况, 请你根据下列要点写一篇短