高三英语复习Module 1 ＆ Module 2（续）外研社必修4知识精讲

高三英语复习Module 1 Module 2（续）外研社必修4【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Module 1 Life in the FutureModule 2 Traffic Jam复习回顾必修4 1&2模块的基础知识，使学生熟练掌握两模块中的词汇，短语和语法知识，并能将知识系统化。二. 重点词组11. in no time马上；一会儿比较：in time的意思是“及时”，“迟早”，“终有一天”；on time的意思是“准时”，“正点”。例句：You will learn how to do it in time.你将来总会学会怎么做这事的。My employer will confirm that I was there on time.我的老板可以证明我是准时到那儿的。The operation was a success and the doctors say shell recover in no time.手术很成功，医生们说她很快就会恢复健康。【相关链接】at all times无论何时all the time一直at times 有时at no time 决不at the same time 同时from time to time 有时for the first time第一次against time 争分夺秒ahead of time 提前at a time 一次at one time 曾经for a time 暂时for the time being 目前； 现在【真题链接】He was chatting online and, _, he was playing a computer gamea war game. （NMET2020浙江卷完形）A. first of all B. just thenC. at the same time D. by that time【解析】答案为C at the same time同时。根据并列词and可以判断出这个人一边上网聊天，一边打电脑游戏。12. get around (1)到处旅行；四处走动(2)传播；流传例句：He is getting around again after the accident.事故过后，他又再到处走动了。The news of his resignation soon got around.他辞职的消息很快传开了。【相关链接】get along with相处get away离开，逃离get back回来，后退get down to认真工作get off下（车，船）get rid of除掉get out of摆脱get over爬过，越过，克服困难，痊愈get through穿越（马路），通过get together相聚，聚集get up起床，起立【真题链接】There were a lot of people standing at the door and small girl couldnt get _. （2020年）A. between B. through C. across D. beyond【解析】答案为B 考查固定短语。句意：站在门口的人太多，小女孩过不去。get through这里表“穿过，通过”之意。三. 重点句型1. No one knows for sure，and making predictions is a risky business.动名词短语作主语。动名词除了在句中作主语外，还能作宾语和表语等。例句：Learning new words is very useful to me.学习新单词对我非常有用。He has finished writing a report.他已经写完了一篇报告。Toms hobby is collecting stamps.汤姆的爱好是集邮。【真题链接】Its necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answer ready will be of great help. (2020北京卷)A. To have had B. Having hadC. Have D. Having【解析】答案为D。动名词短语having the answer ready把答案准备好，作句子的主语。2. To find out what young people think about the future of urban life，动词不定式作目的状语。例句：To see clearly，she stood up.为了看得更清楚，她站了起来。【真题链接】It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _ a look at the sports stars. (2020年上海卷)A. had B. having C. to have D. have【解析】答案为C 本题考查不定式作目的状语，“球迷们在体育场外面等三个小时，目的就是为了看一下这些体育明星们。真是不可思议。”3. , and it will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch.it作形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语。真正的主语还可以是句子、动名词或短语。例句：It made us very angry to hear him talk like that.听到他那样说，我们很生气。It is not an easy thing to master a foreign language.要掌握一门外语是不容易的。【真题链接】In fact _ is a hard job for the police to keep order in an important football match. (NMET2001上海)A. this B. that C. there D. it【解析】答案为D。在句子中it作形式主语，真正的主语是to keep order in an important football match。由于空格出现在fact的后面，一些学生把它当成了同位语从句，而选了that。实际上，如果in fact的后面接同位语从句的话，这就不称为句子了，而是一个短语。这句话的意思是：“实际上，在一次重大的足球赛中，对警察来说，维持秩序是一项非常艰难的事情。”4. , with each city having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.With的复合结构。“介词with + 名词或代词+宾补”结构，该结构一般被称为“with的复合结构”，可以用来补充说明，更多的情况下作方式状语，表示伴随的动作或状态。其具体构成方式有：(1)with+宾语+介词短语；(2) with+宾语+形容词副词；(3)with+宾语+现在分词。这时分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的；(4) with+宾语+过去分词。这时分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词为被动关系；(5) with+宾语+不定式短语。例句：The teacher came in with a book in his hand.老师进来了，手里拿着书。He often sleeps with the windows open.他经常开着窗子睡觉。She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.她跑呀，跑呀，汗流满面。She was thinking for a while with her eyes shut.她闭着眼睛想了好一会。With the guide to lead us，we will have no difficulty finding his house。在向导的带领下，我们找到他的房子将不会有什么困难。【真题链接】It was a pity that the great writer died _ his works unfinished.（2020年福建卷）A. for B. with C. from D. of【解析】答案为B 由with+宾语+过去分词 (unfinished)构成，作伴随或结果状语。5. Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using high-tech cameras attached to their head.过去分词短语作定语。过去分词作定语用法如下：(1) 过去分词作定语常表示动作发生的时间早于谓语动词，或者没有一定的时间性，只表示被动关系。例句: the risen sun升起了的太阳（只表完成，不表被动）I dont like to see letters written in pencils.我不喜欢看用铅笔写的字。（只表被动，没有一定的时间性）The question discussed is very important.被讨论过的那个问题很重要。（既表被动又表完成）(2) 单个的过去分词作定语，常置于其所修饰的名词之前。例如：wounded soldier伤员used stamps用过的邮票a finished article一篇完成的论文(3) 过去分词短语作定语时，一般皆置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句。例句：Is there anything planed for tonight?（=what has been planed for tonight）有计划今晚做的事吗？【真题链接】Prices of daily goods _ through a computer can be lower than store prices.（2002年北京春招）A. are bought B. boughtC. been bought D. buying【解析】答案选B 过去分词bought作daily goods的定语，表示被动，这句话的意思是“通过电脑购买日常用品的价格要比商店里的价格低”。6. Im too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future！tooto 表“太以至于”例句 He is too excited to speak.他太激动了，说不出话来。 Can I help you? 需要我帮忙吗？ Well，Im afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it，but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。7. So in ten years I will be working in a hospital or as a doctor with my own surgery.Either or 表“要么要么”。其对应词为neither. nor.表示“既不也不”。这两个短语连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式和其相邻的主语部分保持一致。例句：Either you or he is wrong.不是你错就是他错。Neither he nor I am a teacher.他不是老师，我也不是。【真题链接】Either you or the headmaster _ the prize to those gifted students at the meeting.A. is handing out B. are to hand outC. are handing out D. is to hand out【解析】答案为D。当either. or.连接两个主语时，要以or后的主语确定谓语动词是单数还是复数形式，称之为就近原理。因为the headmaster是单数，又因为这件事发生在将来，所以D为正确答案。8. Not all predictions come true.not all为“并非所有”的意思，是部分否定。常用not加all, every, each, both等词构成部分否定，可译成“不都是”，“不全是”，“并非都”等等。例句：Not all the answers are satisfactory. =All the answers are not satisfactory.并非所有的回答都令人满意。Both of us are not right. = Not both of us are right.并非我们俩人都不对。Not every student get to school on time. =Every student didnt get to school on time.并非每个学生都按时到校。【相关链接】构成全部否定的词有：no, never, none, neither, nothing，no one，nowhere等。例句：None of the answers is satisfactory.所有的回答都不令人满意。Neither of us is right.我们俩都不对。There is nothing interesting in this book.这本书里没有有趣的东西。No one can work it out. 没有人能把它解出来。【真题链接】We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us.A. all；no B. an；noC. none；any D. on one；any【解析】答案为C根据句意“我们不能在餐馆吃饭”，可推测后句为“因为我们谁也没带钱”。No one虽能表示全部否定，但其后不能跟of短语。所以该题选C9. Simply raise your hand，and a taxi appears in no time.此句是由“祈使句+and+陈述句”构成，表示“如果就会”。祈使句+and+陈述句，祈使句必须是肯定的，表示条件或假设，相当于if引导的条件句, and后的陈述句表示结果，常用一般将来时。例句：Show us some radium，and we will believe you.（=If you show us some radium，we will believe you.）拿点儿镭给我们看看，我们就相信你。【相关链接】祈使句+or+陈述句，祈使句可以是肯定或否定的，也可以是表示条件或假设，相当于if引导的条件句，or后表示的是一种相反的结果，意为“不然的话，要不然”，也常用一般将来时。例句：Hurry up，or you will be late for school.（=If you dont hurry up，you will be late for school.）赶快，否则你上学就会迟到了。【真题链接】Lets keep to the point or we _ any decisions. (2020年全国卷I）A. will never reachB. have never reachedC. never reachD. never reached【解析】答案为A 此题考查的是句型：祈使句+ or+陈述句。10. Whats more，central London shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars.whats more这里为插入语，意为“此外，另外”。例句：I dont often make any travel，whats more, I dont enjoy it either.我不常旅行，另外，我也不喜欢旅行。【相关链接】常见的插入语有形容词（词组）、副词、不定式、现在分词短语、介词短语、从句以及固定短语。(1) 常见的形容词（词组）、副词作插入语的有：sure enough（果然）；strange; worse still（更糟糕的是）;most important（最重要的是）；honestly; obviously；however；otherwise；luckily；unfortunately；besides；first；second；especially；surprisingly等。(2)常见的不定式有：to tell the truth；to be short（简单地）；to begin with（首先）；to be sure（自然、当然、果然）；to be honest/frank; to make things worse；to make a long story short；to speak of（值得一提的是）等。这些插入语表示说话人的态度，在句子中作独立成分。(3) 常见的现在分词短语有：generally speaking; frankly speaking；judging from/by；talking of（谈到）considering（考虑到，因为是）； putting it mildly （说得客气一点）等。这些分词用来修饰全句。(4) 常见的介词短语有in fact; in addition; in a word；on the other hand；in other words；in ones opinion；in that case；by the way；of course；as a rule（通常）；to ones surprise；for example; on the contrary(相反）；in a way(在某点上、在某种程度上）；for one thing；for another（thing）等。(5) 常见的从句有：if you dont mind; if you like；if you please；if necessary；if any；if I may say so；if convenient；as it happens等。(6) 常见的固定短语as a result; that is ( to say)；whats more；as above；all in all(总之）等。【真题链接】_，the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. (2020年全国卷111)A. General speaking B. Speaking generalC. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally【解析】答案C generally speaking“一般说来”，在这里为插入语。四. 重点语法将来进行时将来进行时主要表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作，或表示要在将来某一时刻开始，并继续下去的动作。常用来表示礼貌的询问，请求等。This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema. 明天这时他们会坐在电影院看电影。1. 将来进行时形式将来进行时由“动词的将来时+现在分词”构成：will be doing2. 将来进行时的基本用法将来进行时表示在将来某一时间内正在进行的动作。将来进行时有很强的推测性，因此人们往往在以下几种场合里使用它：(1)表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般带状语。What will you be doing at this time next Monday？下周一的这个时候你做什么？(2)表示现在正在进行的动作，但这个动作会延续到将来。I wonder if it will still be raining this afternoon.我想知道今天下午是否仍会下雨。(3)表示预定的将来动作或对将来的预测。After you take the medicine，you will be feeling much better.吃过药后你会感觉舒服多了。注意：将来进行时一般不带有情态动词的含义。试比较：I will be talking with him about the plan this evening.我今晚会和他谈论那个计划。（将来预测）I will talk with him about the plan this evening.我今晚要和他谈论那个计划。（主观意愿）(4)将来进行时与现在进行时的比较：I will be helping Mary tomorrow.明天我将帮玛丽干活。这不表示说话人已安排好要帮助玛丽或者想帮助她。这个句子仅仅说明这一动作。将来进行时的这种用法有些像表示将来的现在进行时，但有以下几点不同之处，现在进行时表示一种经过考虑的，将来要进行的动作，而将来进行时通常表示正常过程中会发生的动作，因此将来进行时不如现在进行时那样肯定，比后者偶然性要大一些。I am seeing Tom tomorrow.明天我要和汤姆见面。Ill be seeing Tom tomorrow.明天我会见到汤姆。第一句意指汤姆和说话人已经特意安排了这次会面，而第二句则意指汤姆和说话人将在通常过程中见面（也许他们在一起工作）。不过这种差别并不是在任何情况下都很重要，而且常常两者都可以使用。(5) will+动词原形，表示将来的意图。将来进行时表示未经过考虑将来便要进行的动作。Hell be taking his exam next week.或He taking his exam next week.他下周要参加考试。Ill write to Mr. Pitt and tell him about Toms new house.我要写信告诉皮特先生关于汤姆的新房子的事。Ill be writing to Mr. Pitt and Ill tell him about Toms new house.我会写信给皮特先生并告诉他关于汤姆的新房子的事。第一句：说话人根据自己的意愿宜布一个经过考虑的将来要进行的动作。第二句仅仅是对实施的陈述，意味着写这封信给皮特先生是例行公事，或者这信是因与汤姆的新房子无关的原因而写的。【真题链接】“You cant catch me.” Janet shouted，_ away. (2020年全国)A. run B. runningC. to run D. ran【解析】答案为B 考查非谓语动词作状语的用法。这里running away在句中作伴随状语，相当于and ran away.He is such a man who is always _ fault with other people. (2020年安徽)A. putting B. seekingC. finding D. looking for【解析】答案为C 考查固定搭配。挑剔；找茬儿；对吹毛求疵。All these gifts must be mailed immediately _ in time for Christmas. (2020年辽宁)A. in order to have receivedB. in order to receiveC. so as to be receivedD. so as to be receiving【解析】答案为C so as to后接动词原形，表示“以便”。根据gift与receive的关系可以判断出要用to be done的形式，表示被动。Can the project be finished as planned? Sure，_ it completed in time，well work two more hours a day. (2020年福建)A. having got B. to getC. gettingD. get【解析】答案为B 动词不定式作目的状语，表示“为了”。Well work two more hours a day说明每天加班两小时的目的是按时完成这个项目。The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. (2020年全国)A. whichever B. howeverC. whatever D. whenever【解析】答案为C 本句话意思是“这位可怜的年轻人准备接受他能够得到的任何帮助”，可知whatever比较恰当。We havent enough books for _；some of you will have to share. (2020年全国)A. somebody B. anybodyC. everybody D. nobody【解析】答案为C somebody表示“某人”，用于肯定句;anybody表示“任何人”，用于否定句与疑问句。用于否定句表示全部否定;everybody表示每个人，用于否定句，表部分否定；nobody本身表否定含义。 What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ quite early，so we _ to the bookstore after that. (2020年重庆)A. finished；are going B. finished；goC. finishes；are going D. finishes；go【解析】答案为C 句意：“今天下午你打算干什么？”“我准备与一些朋友去看电影。这部电影很早就会演完，所以我们打算之后去书店。”第一个空叙述这部电影时间的长与短问题，可用将来时也可用一般时; 第二个空则要表示说话者打算好的事情, are going to the bookstore是现在进行时表示将来的打算。【模拟试题】单项填空1. The cakes are delicious. Hed like to have _ third one because _ second one is rather too small.A. a; a B. the; the C. a; the D. the; a2. If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. being completed B. is completedC. to be completed D. completed3. _ everyone else wouldnt go to the mountain area, he went without a second thought.A. As long as B. WhileC. Where D. In spite of4. _ , the idea of having to work under a woman defeated him.A. Wanting the job very muchB. Although wanting the job badlyC. Though he wanted the job very muchD. He wanted the job badly5. Did you remember to give Jenny the money? Yes. _ I saw her, Im sure.A. So long as B. So far asC. The moment D. Any time6. Before making your speech, youd better _ your thoughts and ideas.A. collect B. gather C. get D. prepare7. Being determined is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything properly.A. how B. which C. where D. what8. Do you like a house with no garden? _. But anyhow, its better to have one than none.A. Not really B. Not especiallyC. Not a bit D. Not a little9. As a teacher, I seldom give my students so difficult a problem _ they can not work out.A. that B. if C. in order thatD. as10. Will you attend the meeting this afternoon? But I _ told anything about it.A. wasnt B. am notC. havent been D. wont be11. Did you have any trouble with the customs officer? _ to speak of.A. No B. Nothing C. None D. Neither12. Who would you rather _ the watch?A. have to repair B. have fixedC. get repaired D. get to repair13. You didnt invite John to the party? _ him, too?A. Should I invite B. Should I have invitedC. Must I invite D. Must I have invited14. How long do you think it is _ he arrived here? No more than half a year, I believe.A. when B. that C. before D. since15. Did you go to the party last night? Yes. And Id rather _. It was so_.A. not go; tiresome B. not have gone; excitingC. not have gone; tiring D. go; interesting完形填空When I was 16 years old，I made my first visit to Disneyland in America. It wasnt the first time I had been _16_. Like most English children I learned French _17_ school and I had often been to France，so I _18_ speaking a foreign language to people who didnt understand _19_ . But _20_ I went to America，I was really looking forward to _21_ a nice easy holiday without any _22_ problems. _23_ wrong I was! The misunderstanding began _24_ the airport. I was looking for a _25_ telephone to give my friend Danny a _26_ and tell her that I had arrived. A _27_ old man saw me looking lost and asked _28_ he could help me.“Yes，”I said，“1 want to give my friend a ring. ”“Well，thats nice，”he said，“Are you getting _29_？ But arent you a bit young?” “_30_ is talking about marriage?” I replied. “I just want to give my friend a ring to tell her Ive arrived. Can you tell me _31_ theres a phone box?” “Oh!” he said，“theres a phone downstairs. ”When at last we did meet up，Danny explained the misunderstanding to me. “Dont worry，”she said to me，“I had so many _32_ at first. There are lots of words which the Americans _33_ differently in meaning from us British. Youll soon get used to _34_ funny things they say. Most of the _35_ ,British and American people understand each other!”16. A. out B. away C. outside D. abroad17. A. from B. during C. at D. after18. A. get used to B. was used to C. used to D. used19. A. EnglishB. French C. Russian D. Latin20. A. when B. while C. if D. for21. A. buying B. having C. giving D. receiving22. A. time B. human C. language D. money23. A. Too B. What a C. What D. How24. A. with B. to C. over D. at25. A. cheap B. popular C. public D. good26. A. letter B. ring C. news D. information27. A. friendly B. strange C. stupid D. tough28. A. how B. if C. where D. what29. A. to marry B. to be married C. marrying D. married30. A. You B. She C. Who D. He31. A. where B. in which C. over there D. that32. A. trouble B. difficulties C. things D. fun33. A. write B. speak C. use D. read34. A. every B. these C. some D. all the35. A. chance B. situation C. condition D. time阅读理解AFrom poor beginnings to most expensive playerZinedine Zidane，who dreams of leading France to its second World Cup title in a row next month，has always preferred to express himself with a football rather than with words.Last Wednesday Zidane scored the decisive goal when Real Madrid of Spain won the Champions League final against Germanys Leverkusen 2-1.He became one of the worlds most expensive players when he joined Real Madrid from Italys Juventus for US $ 66 million. And he has been a national hero since he scored twice in the 3-0 defeat of Brazil in the 1998 World Cup Final.But despite his success，Zidane has always kept his feet on the ground. He leads a quite family life，there is hardly any gossip about him and he avoids putting his wife and two children in the spotlight.“Just because Im a public figure it doesnt mean I have to express myself on everything. I dont like to discuss some personal matters publicly. ”he said.Even as a child playing football in the slum area of Marseille，France，where he was raised by his Algerian parents，Zidane was shy.He loved football even as a little kid. “I realized football is a wonderful mixture of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talking，”he said.Even when the match awards were just chocolate and bread，Zidane found that football made his poor child