高二英语Module 2A Job Worth Doing外研社知识精讲

高二英语高二英语 ModuleModule 2 2 A A JobJob WorthWorth DoingDoing 外研社外研社 【本讲教育信息】 一. 教学内容： Module 2 A Job Worth Doing 二. 教学目标： 本模块通过介绍不同职业的特征及其对人类社会的贡献，培养学生正确的择业观。 单词、短语： intellectualsatisfyingstressfulaccountant barber biochemistelectricianminervolunteeroffer signalin particularsheeron averagein theory in practicerespecttollbend circular directpass bytakefor granted encounter profound have an effect on missionqualifiedtake up vertical take notice oftemporaryfreezerfreeze contract earnpermanentsalarystaffsign agentanalystapplydeduction organizational postchefrequirerenewable essential modelshotin response tograteful available databasedemandbioinformatician traditional youngster sufferpathologistdoubleleisure individual fitnessoutgoingpersonality 重点词语： intellectualsatisfyingstressfuloffer signal in particularon averagein theoryin practice respect benddirectpass bytakefor granted have an effect on take uptake notice oftemporary freeze contractearnapplyrequire essential shotin response toavailabledemand suffer doubleindividual 词语要点归纳： 1. This person has offered to do a joband may not be paid for doing it. 分析：offer 提供, 提出, 常用于以下句型： （1）offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. The manager offered a flat to him. （2）offer to do sth. The clever boy offered to help me with my English. （3）offer money for sb. He offered $2000 for the car. （4）offer sth. for money He offered the car for $2000. 拓展： provide sb. with sth. / sth. for sb. supply sb. with sth. / sth. for(to) sb. 练一练： （1）小男孩主动把座位让给了我。 _. （2）Theyve _ us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take it? A. provided B. supplied C. shown D. offered 2. Many roads are in bad condition and accidents are frequent. 析：in condition 意为“处于状况中” in condition“健康状况良好” 例：His car has been well maintained and is in excellent condition. Take this medicine three times a day and have a good rest, youll soon be back in condition. 拓展： out of condition 健康状况不佳 on condition that 在条件下，倘若 on no condition 在任何条件下都不能 练一练： （1）He _ (身体状况不佳) recently. （2）Desks and chairs in mountain areas were _ in the past. A. in poor conditionsB. in good condition C. in poor conditionD. in good conditions 3. This last experience had a profound effect on Timoto. 析：（1）have an effect on/upon 对产生作用，发生影响 have no/little/much/great effect on/upon 对没有/有很少/有很大/重 大影响 例：His grandfather has a great effect on him. The medicine has a great effect on the disease. （2）effect n. 影响, 效果; 感受, 印象 This kind of illness has bad effect on brains. Her long hair produced an effect on everyone. 知识拓展： put/bring/carry into effect 实行，实施；施行 come/go into effect 开始实施，开始生效 of no effect 对产生影响 例：The new system will soon be out into effect. The new seat-belt regulations came into effect last week. My warning was of no effect. 练一练： （1）他父亲所说的话对他没有任何影响。 _. （2）新的法律下周将开始实施。 _. （3）The last accident had _ him. He still drives carelessly. A. a profound effect on B. much effect on C. no effect on D. not any effect on 4. But thanks to one man, the death toll has fallen. 析：（1）thanks to在此句中表“由于，多亏了”含感谢之意；但有时也含 讽刺口吻。 例：Thanks to the doctor, I am well again. Thanks to your rotten idea, we went a long way. 知识拓展： because of, owing to, on account of, as a result of, due to 例：He was late for school today because of the heavy traffic. Owing to my absence, they had to put off the class meeting till next week. He can not run very fast on account of his poor health. As a result of the war, many people lost their lives. He failed in his exam due to his carelessness. 练一练： （1）He had to retire _ ill health. A. forB. in spite of C. because ofD. instead of （2）He is unable to go to work _ the fall from his horse. A. becauseB. with C. as a result ofD. as a result 5. But often they just pass by, taking the human traffic signal for granted. 析：（1）pass by 经过, pass by sb. /sth. 经过某人/某物旁边 pass sb./ sth. by 忽视或避免接触某人/某物 例：When herding sheep, I lay on my back and looked at the clouds passing by. They passed right by my front door. He tried to pass the problem by. 知识拓展： pass on 去世 pass through 穿过, 经历 pass down 流传 passer-by 过路者 pass off 发生, 进行 pass away 消逝, 去世 pass out 失去知觉 （2）take for granted “想当然；认为是当然的” 例：He takes it for granted that everyone has read the book. 知识拓展： take it easy 别着急，慢慢来 take sth. seriously 郑重，严肃对待某事 take ones time 慢慢来，不紧张 take it for granted that 认为理所当然 练一练： （1）The meeting of the strikes _ quietly. A. pass by B. pass away C. passed off D. pass through （2）Dont take _ for granted that you didnt pass the final exam. A. it B. that C. this D. one （3）我们总以为父母为我们所做的一切都是理所当然的。 _. 6. And so every morning, week in, week out, from dawn to dark, Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic. 析：take up （1）占据 例：The table takes up too much room. （2）拿起 例：Take up your pens and put down what I say. （3）开始从事某职业 例：He has taken up a job as a teacher. （4）以为爱好或消遣 例：He has taken up golf. （5）将改短 例：The skirt needs taking up. 练一练： （1）会议占用了我大量时间。 _. （2）我们必须拿起武器保卫我们的家乡。 _. （3）We must take in arms to protect our hometown. 改错：_. 语法知识： 一. 一般过去时 1. 构成：主语did 2. 用法： 表示过去的事实, 情况, 动作或状态; 通常和表过去的时间状语连用。 例：I got up at 5：30 this morning. 表示过去连续发生的几个动作，常在最后一个动作前加 and。 例：He stood up, turned off the TV and went out. 形式上表过去，实际表现在。 例：I thought you were out. I didnt know you were here. 在时间条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 例：He promised to buy me a new car after he came back. 二. 过去完成时 1. 构成：主语had done 2. 用法 （1）过去的两个动作一个发生在过去的动作之前，即“过去的过去” 。 例：When he reached the stop, it had already closed. （2）与 by, by the end of, by the time 等连用，表示某种强烈的感情。 例：By last night, he had copied the report for 3 times. The children had fallen asleep by the time they went home. （3）表原计划或打算做某事而没有办成, 常见的动词有：want, mean, plan, hope, think, suppose, expect I had thought he had died. I had hoped to catch the 8:00 train, but I missed it at last. （4）用于固定句式 no sooner than, hardly/scarcely when “一就” They had hardly been seated when the bus started . No sooner had he finished the work when the light went out. 三. 过去进行时 1. 构成：主语 +was/were+ doing 2. 用法 （1）表过去某一时刻进行的动作。 He was doing his homework when I called him. （2）表过去某一阶段进行的动作。 They were building a library last summer. （3）与 always, constantly, frequently 等连用，表说话人的赞美，厌烦等。 He was always helping me with my English when we were at school. 【模拟试题】 I. 单项选择 1. _ way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation. A. The; theB. One; aC. A; theD. The; 不填 2. There must be a dozen pens in this house but I can never find one when need one. Keep looking. _ is sure to turn up. A. OneB. ItC. ThatD. This 3. We are leaving on June 15. So why not come to spend _ days with us? Im serious. A. all these last few B. these all last few C. these last all fewD. all last these few 4. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesnt make any _. A. meaningB. ideaC. senseD. point 5. She is always ready to help people in trouble because she thinks it a _. A. decisionB. chanceC. prideD. pleasure 6. He is unfit for the job, which _ patience and creativeness. A. calls inB. calls offC. calls forD. calls up 7. Mr. Alcott told me that four-fifths of the houses _. A. have been sold outB. had been sold out C. were sold outD. was sold out 8. I know Jack spends at least as much time reading as he _. A. does writingB. is writingC. writesD. does to write 9. There was a terrible noise _ the sudden bursts of light. A. followedB. followingC. to be followed D. being followed 10. You _ this morning if you really wanted to see it yourself. A. ought to comeB. could come C. ought to have comeD. must have come 11. There are hundreds of islands _ the coast Fujian, the biggest of _ is not far from the main land. A. on, whichB. off, themC. off, whichD. on, them 12. _ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. AsB. ItC. ThatD. What 13. _, this kind of disease can do great harm to people there. A. Occurring whereB. It occurs where it is C. Where does it occurD. Where it occurs 14. It was _ computer games that took the boy a lot of time that he ought to have spent on his lessons. A. to have played B. playingC. playedD. having played 15. How do you find your missing pen? _. A. Quite by accidentB. I found it in my drawer C. It writes wellD. It was well kept by my father II. 完形填空 If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they will become weak; and when you start using them again, they will slowly become strong again. _16 _knows this, and nobody would think of _17_ the fact. Yet there are many people who _18_ to know than the memory works in the same way. When someone says that _19_has a good memory, he _20 _means that he keeps his memory _21_practice by exercising it very_22_, either consciously or unconsciously. When someone else says that his memory is_23_, he means that he does not give it enough _24_to become strong. The position is exactly the same as that of _25_ people, one of _26_ exercises his arms and legs by playing balls, while the other _27_in a chair or a car all day. If a friend of yours says that his arms are weak, we know that it is his own _28_. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, _29_of us think that his parents are to blame, or that he is just _30_, and few of us realize that it is just as it was his arms or legs that were weak. Not all of us can become very strong in body or very clever in mind, _ 31_ all of us can improve our strength and our memory by the same means _32_. Have you ever _33_ that people who cannot read or write usually have _34_memories than those who can? Why is this? Of course, because they cannot write down something in a little notebook or something else. They have to remember names, places, songs and stories; so their memory is always being exercised. In a word, if you want to have a good memory, _35_ practise remembering. 16. A. SomebodyB. EverybodyC. NobodyD. Each one 17. A. provingB. describingC. questioningD. indicating 18. A. wantB. needC. haveD. seem 19. A. heB. sheC. itD. one 20. A. alwaysB. reallyC. nearlyD. almost 21. A. withB. inC. toD. by 22. A. soonB. fastC. quicklyD. often 23. A. badB. uselessC. poorD. helpless 24. A. chanceB. timeC. spaceD. places 25. A. threeB. fourC. twoD. five 26. A. themB. whomC. thatD. which 27. A. liesB. standsC. hidesD. sits 28. A. businessB. faultC. storyD. interest 29. A. fewB. someC. severalD. many 30. A. unhappyB. unfortunateC. unthinkableD. miserable 31. A. becauseB. sinceC. forD. but 32. A. studyB. workC. playD. rest 33. A. foundB. thoughtC. noticedD. realized 34. A. betterB. poorerC. worseD. stranger 35. A. rememberB. tryC. doD. need III. 阅读理解 A When in 1789，George Washington became the first president of the United States，there was no permanent(永久的)capital in which to house the government. During the Revolutionary War seven different cities had served as the national capital. In addition，members of congress(国会) could not agree as to where this permanent capital should be located. Some officials wanted it in the north，others wanted it in the south. Each of the states hoped that the capital might lie within its own state lines. At last it was decided that the capital should occupy a section(区域)by itself，separate from any of the states. The place chosen was situated on the Potomas River. The land belonged originally(原先地) to the state of Maryland，but Maryland agreed to the national government. The section was named the District of Columbia after Christopher Columbus. The city itself was named Washington，after George Washington. Work was begun on the new capital in 1791. In the year 1799 Congress occupied the new capital building at the same time the White House was opened as the home of all future presidents. 36. Before the year 1800，the capital of America had been located in_. A. MarylandB. Washington C. New YorkD. several cities 37. Why was it decided that the capital should be separated from any of the states? Because_. A. the District of Columbia was on the borders(边境)of several states B. the District of Columbia was in the center of America C. Maryland insisted that the capital lie in its own state D. each of the states wanted the capital might lie within its own state 38. Presidents of the United States live in_. A. the capital buildingB. Maryland C. New YorkD. the White House 39. Which of the following statements is true? A. Capital is the place for presidents to live in. B. Capital should be the largest city in the country. C. It took nine years to build the capital of Washington. D. Since 1791, Washington has been the capital of the United States. B How Good Are US Drivers? The CBSTV“National Drivers Test” ，showed that many US drivers have a lot to learn. Heres why. CBS picked 1，799 sample drivers to take the test in TV studios in New York，Philadelphia，Chicago，and Los Angeles. More than two out of five of the drivers failed the test. And the average score was the lowest passing mark51 points out of a possible 80. Chicago drivers did best with an average of 53 points. Los Angeles drivers came next with 52 points. New York and Philadelphia drivers got 50 pointsa failing score. Drivers with 50 points or less were rated“poorly informed”by the judges. Here are some of the test results： 1. Are men drivers better informed than women ones? Yes. Men averaged 52 points. Women got an average of 49. 2. Are older drivers better informed than younger drivers? No. Drivers under 26 averaged 52 points. Drivers from 27 to 45 averaged 51，Drives over 45 failed with a 48 point average. 3. Does education make a difference? Yes. College graduates averaged 52 points. High school graduates averaged 50. Those without high school diplomas(毕业证)got 48. And people who had taken driver education courses scored an average of 53 pointsthree more than those who hadnt. 4. Does driving experience make a difference? Yes. Drivers with three or more years of experience averaged 51 points. Drivers with less experience averaged 49. Here are some surprising facts brought out by the test： 1. More than one out of three drivers did not know that a blinking red light means a full stop. 2. Three out of ten drivers did not know that an octagonal(eight- sided)sign means stop. 3. More than two out of three drivers did not know what to do when being“tailgated(追尾)”. The answer：slow down，drive to the right，and let the driver behind pass. The results of the test were turned over to the National Safety Council(委员会). They will help future safety planning. 40. The authors purpose is to _. A. prove that men are better drivers than women B. give you safe driving directions C. tell you the results of a national drivers test D. require you to get an education 41. From the information in this article，which of the following is true? A. Older drivers are better informed than younger drivers. B. Experience makes a difference among drivers. C. Most drivers fai