2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高考英语考前适应性试题（二）

2020届高考考前适应性试卷英 语（二）注意事项：1、答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2、回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3、考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略)第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhen I was a kid in the 1960s. my parents had a country store in the small town of Frankfort, Maine. No neighboring houses could be seen from our place，and new salesmen were always amazed at the amount of business we did. Dads motto was, “We sell everything.” If he didnt have something in store, he would pick it up for customers on his weekly trip to Bangor.One time Dad was in Bangor getting shoes for someone at a shoe factory. He saw big boxes full of shoes and asked about them. They were the mates(一双鞋中的一只) to faulty shoes that had been thrown away. He looked through the boxes and realized that there were usable brand-new shoes in there. He offered the manager five cents a shoe. Dad made the deal and got the manager to reserve any future boxes for him.Of course Mon, his business partner, was more practical, and her first reaction was, “But what are you going to do with them?” Dad bought an old school bus. He cleaned it up, removed the seats and placed big containers down both sites of the aisle(通道). When all was ready, the whole family helped to put the shoes in place. At first, it looked like we had plenty of room on the bus, but Dad kept bringing home more boxes.There was no sign on the Shoe Bus. The only advertising Dad did was to place a piece of paper beside the store exit that read “Shoes $1 a pair.”When folks asked about the deal. they learned it wasnt that easy because they had to find their own pairs. The attraction was a combination of getting a good deal on a quality pair of shoes and the thrill of the hunt.To this day I still run into people who talk about the fun they had searching for pairs in Dads Shoe Bus.21. The authors parents ran their store well becauseA. they always had enough supplies in store.B. they won the great support of new salesmen.C. they opened it in a very crowded neighborhood.D. they did all they could to meet their customers need.22. Why did the customers think it fun shaping in the Shoe Bus?A. There were free bus rides offered on them.B. They could receive better customer service.C. They could match pairs of shoes by themselves.D. There was a wide variety of shoes to choose from.23. What can we learn about the authors father from the text?A. He had a good nose for business.B. He was clever at transforming a store.C. He was patient with customersD. He had a strong preference for bargains.【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A【解析】作者的父亲很有商业头脑，他开办的公交车鞋店的销售策略很受顾客欢迎，大家在买到物超所值的鞋子的同时还能体会到在公交车上寻找合适鞋子的快乐。21. 推理判断题。根据第一段When I was a kid in the 1960s. my parents had a country store in the small town of Frankfort, Maine. No neighboring houses could be seen From our place，and new salesmen were always amazed at the amount of business we did. Dads motto was, “We sell everything.” If he didnt have something in store, he would pick it up for customers on his weekly trip to Bangor.得知作者的父母经营的商店很成功，因为他们时刻想着为顾客提供他们想要购买的商品。故选D。22. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段The attraction was a combination of getting a good deal on a quality pair of shoes and the thrill of the hunt.得知顾客认为在公交车上找物美价廉的鞋子很有趣。故选C。23. 推理判断题。根据To this day I still run into people who talk about the fun they had searching for pairs in Dads Shoe Bus.得知作者的父亲开创的公交车鞋店很受欢迎，他很有商业头脑。故选A。BFor the past 15 years, factory owner Kamal Parmar has been running an after-school program for slum kids in Ahmedabad, India, helping them with basic skills like reading and writing and even preparing for their school tests.Parmars story began one afternoon 15 years ago. He stopped a few kids returning home from the local school and took their exam paper and asked them a few questions. Shockingly, he made a shocking discovery-the students, even the older ones, knew nothing about reading except the alphabet. And that left him thinking that something should be done for these children.So he invited the kids to visit his workshop every evening, where he set up a temporary classroom with metal desks. The shabby school started off with 10 students. Today, the Footpath School has a total of 155 students and many of the kids that Parmar has taught in the past 15 years have gone to attend college and build successful careers.Despite having studied only till the seventh grade, he has been able to teach the kids by inventing creative techniques. He asks them to read first and then to form questions on their own and read them out. In this way, many kids learn all seven subjects in six months.Parmars family are very supportive of his project and are proud to see how much of an impact he has had on the kids. His students love him. Ten of his ex-students are currently serving as teachers at the school and he doesnt have to employ any teachers.For those who are inspired by his story, but cant actually volunteer at school, Parmar has a simple piece of ads ice: “Try to educate just one child a year, and see the difference it makes to the society.”24. Why did Parmar start the school?A. To earn some extra money.B. To become a good teacher.C. To help the poor kids with their education.D. To make himself famous.25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The students poor reading ability.B. The students bad living conditions.C. The students terrible school exam result.D. The students lack of basic life skills.26. Which words can be used to describe Parmar?A. Diligent and intelligent.B. Selflessly and imaginative.C. Modest and patient.D. Humorous and rich.27. Parmars advice in the last paragraph is to call on more people to .A. teach poor kidsB. work in his own factoryC. contribute more money to schoolsD. listen to his stories【答案】24. C 25. A 26. B 27. A【解析】本文主要讲了Parmar为了帮助贫穷的孩子进行他们的教育，建立了学校，并且Parmar号召更多的人教导贫苦孩子。24. 细节理解题。由第一段For the past 15years, factory owner Kamal Parmar has been running an after-school program for slum kids in Ahmedabad, India, helping them with basic skills like reading and writing and even preparing for their school tests.可知Parmar建立学校，是为了帮助贫穷的孩子进行他们的教育。故选C。25. 细节理解题。由第二段Shockingly, he made a shocking discovery-the students, even the older ones, knew nothing about reading except the alphabet.可知孩子们很匮乏的阅读能力使得他认为自己必须为孩子们做些事情。故选A。26. 推理判断题。由倒数第三段Despite having studied only till the seventh grade, he has been able to teach the kids by inventing creative techniques.可判断出Parmar有创造力，由最后一段Parmars family are very supportive of his project and are proud to see how much of an impact he has had on the kids. His students love him.可判断出Parmar非常无私。故选B。27. 推理判断题。由最后一段Parmar has a simple piece of ads ice: “Try to educate just one child a year, and see the difference it makes to the society.”可知最后一段Parmar的建议是号召更多的人教导贫苦孩子。故选A。CIf you want to be productive, you must complete work. Almost everything we do has many stages to completion and in many situations, you dont actually create value until you finish the last stage. Farmers cant sell their grain until it is harvested. Automakers cant sell cars that have made it 90% of the way through the assembly line(生产线). Most employers arent going to pay you for having a degree unless you finished the last class and graduated.Now all those things require starting, but if you have work in progress, the most valuable thing you can do is to pick something and finish it. Finishing is where you start benefiting from the value youve created. Ive noticed that many successful people arent the ones who are the smartest or have the best ideas. They are often the ones who do the best job of taking an idea and completing it. A good idea fully carried out is better than a great idea that never gets completed.Does this mean you need to finish everything you start? Not necessarily, but if you dont think something is worth finishing, be honest with yourself and terminate the project. Dont leave hundreds of half finished efforts lying around physically or mentally acting like you are going to come back and pick them up. If you need to drop something , do so strategically and intentionally. If youve put significant effort into a project, you may still benefit from finishing it even if you wouldnt start it again based on changed circumstances. For example, if you are in your last few months before graduating from college and realize you dont want to career in what you are majoring in, you probably should go ahead and graduate because there is significant value in having the degree-even if you dont intend to actually work in that field.What projects do you have that are currently in progress? Can you find something and finish it?28. Why do many people become successful according to the author?A. They are the smartest.B. They have the best ideas.C. They start things smoothly.D. They make ideas fully completed.29. What does the underlined word “terminate” in paragraph 3 mean?A. Develop. B. End.C. Plan. D. Support.30. According to the author, which of the following is the correct way of creating value?A. A man decides to finish all he starts to doB. Farmers hurry to sell their crops before they are ripeC. A college student chooses to study until he gets his degreeD. A student keeps a half-filled stamp album around for future use31. What is the best title for the text?A. Finishing vs. Starting.B. Well Begun is Half Done.C. Planning vs. Performing.D. It is Easier Said than Done.【答案】28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者主要讨论了并非所有事情开始了都需要完成。28. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段I ve noticed that many successful people arent the ones who are the smartest or have the best ideas. They are often the ones who do the best job of taking an idea and completing it. A good idea fully carried out is better than a great idea that never gets complete.可知，成功的人是那些能够把自己的好想法付诸实施并完成的人。故选D。29. 词义猜测题。根据文章第三段Not necessarily, but if you dont think something is worth finishing, be honest with yourself and terminate the project.根据语境可知，开始了的事情未必将要全部完成。如果你认为某事不值得做，要忠实于自己，并可以终止它。故选B。30. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段前两句可知选择项A错误；根据文章第一段Farmers cant sell their grain until it is harvested.可知选择项B错误；根据文章第三段最后一句可知选择项C正确；根据文章第三段Dont leave hundreds of half finished efforts lying around physically or mentally acting like you are going to come back and pick them up.可知选择项D错误。故选C。31. 主旨大意题。根据文章大意：文章作者主要讨论了并非所有事情开始了都需要完成。所以用标题Finishing vs. Starting。故选A。DThe Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru. It is ranging from geometric patterns to drawings of different animals and stylized human-like forms. The ancient lines can only be truly taken in from high in the air, leaving generations puzzled as to how these precise works could have been completed long before the documented invention of human flight.The Lines were first spotted when commercial airlines began flying across the Peruvian desert in the 1920s. Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers, maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan? These markings are like a vast puzzle.The Nazca Lines are the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world. There are also huge geoglyphs in Egypt, Malta, United States (Mississippi and California), Chile, Bolivia and in other countries. But the Nazca geoglyphs, because of their numbers, characteristics, dimensions and cultural continuity as they were made and remade throughout a certain history period, form the most impressive archeological (考古学的) group.The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate (one of the driest on Earth, with only twenty minutes of rainfall per year) and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level. With no dust or sand to cover the plain and little rain or wind to erode (腐蚀) it, lines drawn here tend to stay drawn. These factors, combined with the existence of lighter-colored subsoil beneath the desert surface, provide a vast writing pad that is suited to the artist who wants to leave his mark eternal.32. What can we know about the Nazca Lines from the first two paragraphs?A. They were built as a big map.B. They were formed by nature.C. They are ancient lines in caves.D. They are huge markings in a desert.33. How many factors make the Nazca Lines the most impressive?A. One. B. Two.C. Three. D. Four.34. Why are the Nazca Lines well preserved?A. Because of the wind at ground level.B. Because of the existence of soft soil.C. Because of the climate and geography.D. Because of the thick sand on the top.35. What does the underlined word “eternal” probably mean?A. Non-stop. B. Ever-lasting.C. Real-life. D. High-end.【答案】32. D 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】文章介绍了出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画The Nazca Lines，其神奇之处及形成原因。32. 细节推理题。根据第一段The Nazca Lines are a series of large ancient geoglyphs (地画) in the Nazca Desert, in southern Peru.及对The Nazca Lines图案和发现过程的具体介绍，可知the Nazca Lines是出现在秘鲁南部Nazca沙漠的大型古代地画。故选D。33. 细节推理题。根据第二段列举的Who built them and what was their purpose? Are they roads, star pointers, maybe even a gigantic map? If the people who lived here 2,000 years ago had only a simple technology, how did they manage to construct such precise figures? Did they have a plan? 四方面使人迷惑的问题，可知这四个因素使the Nazca Lines 更独特更使人们难忘。故选D。34. 推理判断题。根据最后一段The Nazca plain is unique for its ability to preserve the markings upon it, due to the combination of the climate and the flat, stony ground which minimizes the effect of the wind at ground level.可知因为这里干燥少雨的气候和平坦多石的地形使地画能很好的被保留。故选C。35. 猜测词义题。最后一句指这些因素，加上沙漠表面下浅色地下土壤的存在，给那些想要永久留下印记的艺术家提供了一个巨大的书写板。“eternal”永恒的，和Ever-lasting同义。故选B。第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。It can be truly terrifying to fall through ice on a frozen lake. _36_In fact, there is more time to help you survive than you think.As you first hit the freezing water, you will almost breathe quickly at once. Remember to get control of your breathing and not to move around. _37_This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing ,ten minutes to move before you get too cold. The final one is to remind you that it will take one hour before you become unconscious.Take that first minute and fully focus on your breathing. Slow it down, and then look around to see if you can locate the thickest area of ice. When you locate the ice, stretch your arms over the surface, and then begin to flutter-kick(上下打水)until your body becomes horizontal with the surface. _38_.It is possible that you can live for several hours after passing out. This, however, does require some planning. You only have about 10 minutes before your muscles and nerves become too cold to work. Besides, what if you feel too weal to go on and you cannot get out?_39_The point is to encourage your coat to freeze to the ice, so that if you lose consciousness, you will keep your head out of ice. _40_.A. It can help to remember the “1-10-1 principle”.B. However, if you remain calm, it can save your life.C. Remove any clothing or heavy objects that are weighting you down.D. Thus you will remain visible for rescue, even if you pass out.E. Kick hard and use your arms and hands to climb out of the water.F. Remember that you should always stay off ice thats only 3 inches.G. Place your arms over the surface of the ice and remain still.【答案】36. B 37. A 38. E 39. G 40. D【解析】本文作者主要介绍了在结冰的湖面上跌倒遇到危险如何自救。36. 根据上下文和句间语境解题。由前句的terrifying和后句的help you survive可知此处为转折关系。故选B。37. 此空与后一句This means that it takes about one minute to gain control of your breathing ,ten minutes to move before you get too cold.形成概念与解释关系，后一句解释了“1-10-1法则”。故选A。38. 根据上下文话题一致和逻辑顺序关系解题。根据原文，落水后你有一分钟时间确定位置，那下一步一定是想办法如何爬出水面。故选E。39. 根据句间语境解题。此空是对上一句问题的解答。没有力气爬出来怎么办，那应该让自己的胳膊支撑在冰面上，并保持不动。故选G。40. 根据上下文话题一致和句间语境解题。上一句说解救自己的关键是让自己的衣服与冰冻在一起，目的在于自己失去意识前能够将头部露出冰面，这样就能够被他人发现，以得到解救。故选D。第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45）第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。After Aidas parents fled war-torn Bosnia for Sweden in the early 1990s, they put their five-year-old daughter in a school full of native Swedes and made sure she studied hard to get ahead. It _41_. Today she is Swedens minister for upper secondary education. Like her fellow across Europe, she faces a new _42_ -making sure that a fresh wave of refugee children can integrate (融入) as successfully as she did.In the countries accepting the most refugees-Sweden and Germany-lack of _43_ is not a problem. Before the migrant poured, both countries faced _44_ numbers of pupils because of low birth rates.The biggest problem for the education _45_ is that refugee children tend to be concentrated together. Many _46_ schools near refugee centers or in immigrant neighborhoods. This means they are partially separated and less _47_ to learn the local language.Moreover, immigrants _48_ find housing in poor areas with lower education standard. Schools where more than a quarter of students are immigrants usually _49_ worse than those with no immigrants. From 2002 to 2020 Swedens _50_ in the OECDs Programme for Inte