黑龙江省哈尔滨市宾县一中2020届高三英语第一轮复习语言运用能力篇 人教版

黑龙江省哈尔滨市宾县一中2020届高三英语第一轮复习语言运用能力篇1第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分)阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A brain-dead pregnant(怀孕的)woman who has been kept on life 36 for nearly three months to give her fetus(胎儿)more time to develop gave birth to a baby girl on TuesdayJustin Torres，the womans brother-in-law said in an email that there were no complications during delivery(分娩)and that 37 “is doing well”The baby，Susan Anne Catherine Torres， 38 about 05 kilogram and is 34 centimetres longIt is learned from the hospital that the baby was 39 via caesarean section(剖腹产)Susan Torres，a 26-yearold researcher at the National Institutes of health of Health，lost 40 from a strike on May 7 after melanoma(恶性肿瘤)spread to her 41 .Her husband，Jason Torres，said doctors told him his wifes brain functions had stoppedJason Torres 42 his job to be by his wifes side，and last month her fetus passed the 24th week of developmentthe 43 point at which doctors felt the baby would have a reasonable 44 to surviveA website to help 45 money for the familys mounting medical 46 had received about US $400，000 in donations from around the world as of two weeks ago. 47 said it must pay tens of thousands of dollars each week that 48 does not coverTorres was about seven months pregnant 49 the child was deliveredDoctors had hoped to 50 on delivering the child until 32 weeks pregnancyA full-term pregnancy is about 51 .The baby is being 52 in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at the Virginia Hospital Centre in Arlington，about 160 kilograms north of RichmondThe entire staff and administration of Virginia Hospital Centre，especially the 53 and nurses caring for Susan Torres and Baby Girl Torres，are 54 with the successful deliveryHowever，the hospital declined to 55 any additional information，including Susan Torres condition and whether or not her life support was still in place36Adevelopment Bhelp Csign Dsupport37Athe baby Bthe mother Cthe doctor Dthe family38Ameasures Bweighs Clasts Dtakes39Adelivered Bcarried Cbrought Dseparated40Aconsciousness Bsense Ccontrol Dtemper41Aheart Bbrain Cstomach Dlungs42A. gave away Bgave out Cgave in Dquit43Alatest Bleast Cearliest Dfastest44Amoment Bchance Ccase Dperiod45Asave Bmake Cpay Draise46Abills Bnotes Cchecks Dprices47AThe doctor BSusan Torres CThe family DThe baby48Athe institution Binsurance Cthe hospital Dthe family49Awhen Bwhile Cbefore Dafter50Ahold on Bhold off Chold out Dho1d up51A40 weeks Bthree months C34 months Dthe 24th month52Amonitored Bwatched Cchecked Dexamined53Athe family Bphysicists Cphysicians Dresearchers54Asurprised Bdelighted Cdisappointed D delighting55Arelease Bdecrease Cincrease Dexpose第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAustralias highest mountain cannot compete with the stature of Mount Qomolangma (Everest)，K2 and KilimanjaroBut Mount Kosciuszko in the New South Wales Snowy Mountains will soon boast something few others can：a state-of-the-art loo(厕所)A toilet resembling a hobbit hole is to be built on the freezing rooftop of Australia，2，108 metres above sea levelAccording to the National Parks and Wildlife Service，it will be Australias highest dunny，or outhouseIt is thought that about 70，000 people visit Kosciuszko National Park，with about 30，000 making the four hour return journey to the summit each year“Its been pretty obvious on the main walks from Thredbo and Charlotte Pass that people need to go，”said Andrew Harrigan，the alpine area manager with the NPWS“They were ducking behind the rocks in various places and on a still day on the rocks on top of Mount Kosciuszko itself you might get the waft of urine(尿味)”The construction of permanent toilet facilities has been considered for several years in an attempt to protect the 21 rare alpine plant species and various native animals whose natural habitat has been under threatBut building a loo in an area regularly hit by 198 kilometre-per-hour winds and blanketed in snow for six months each year required some imaginative solutionsThe facility，which will include three urinals and three unisex stalls，will be built 60 metres into the side of the mountainSo that it does not impact on the aesthetics(美学)of the alpine region，it will be camouflaged(伪装)with trees and shrubs when construction is finished56What would be the best title for this passage?AModern loo plumbs the heights BAustralias highest mountainCSightseeing in Mount Kosciuszko DThe rare construction57Why does the NPWS plan to build an outhouse on the freezing rooftop of Australia?ATo satisfy the needs of touristsBTo protect the plants and animals thereCTo attract visitors from every corner of the worldDTo make the mountains more beautiful58The underlined word in paragraph 2 most probably means a Ahole Bscenic spot Cteahouse Dwashroom59From the last three paragraphs，we can infer that Ait is not easy to design and finish this kind of constructionBthe construction may affect the beauty of the mountainC the tourists will find the construction easilyDthe rare construction will add to the beauty of the mountainBSeveral months ago I decided it would be wise to investigate the possibilities of buying a life insurance policy，if for no other reason than because I understood it might be a good investmentI got the name of an insurance agent from a friend and called the agent to get some informationFrom the kinds of questions I put to him，the agent could tell that I knew nothing about insurance，so he kindly offered to explore the matter with me in more detail to help me determine the kind of policy I ought to be consideringThat evening he appeared at my door promptly at7：30；without wasting time on amenities，he spread his papers out on the kitchen table and launched into a lengthy explanation. I listened attentively as he talked about the difference between various types of policies，and he explained the kind of coverage he felt I ought to have because of my age bracket and financial objectivesToward the end of the evening(after three or four hours of talking)，he kindly helped me fill out an application for a $50，000policy，and then he asked if I could go to a DrLuthers office on Friday for a physical examinationI dont know why，but it was not until the mention of the doctors appointment that I realized fully what was happeningI was about to sign lifetime contract，yet I had not really made a decision about whether I wanted to buy the policy or notAs a matter of fact，the question of a need for a decision from me one way or the other had not even come upSuddenly I felt sure that I definitely did not want to buy the policy. However，since he had spent so much time with me，I didnt want to make him feel that he had wasted his time, So I invented an excuse about things I had to do on Friday，and I assured him I would call him in a few daysActually，I had no intention of going to see DrLuther or of calling the agent againI wanted to forget the whole thing-Its been over three months now since our meeting，and my friendly insurance agent still calls at my office faithfully two or three times a weekMy secretary knows that I dont want to talk to him，so when he calls she tells him that Im in a meeting or that Im out of the office or that Im away on a business tripI realize now that it was a mistake not to tell him that first night that I didnt want the policySince I still cant bring myself to tell him outright that Im not interested，and please not to bother me anymore，all I can do is avoid his calls and hope I dont run into him some place60The writer phoned the insurance agent because .A. he wanted to fill out all application for a life insurance policy.B. he had decided to buy a life insurance policyChe took great interest in the insurance companyDhe was eager to explore the possibilities of buying a life insurance po1icy61After several hours of talking，the writer .Adecided to buy the policyBdecided to think over the matterCmade an appointment with DrLutherDdecided not to buy the policy62The writer didnt tell the agent the truth because .Ahe was afraid of himBhe felt embarrassed to do so.Che thought it none of the agents business.Dhe did not wish to lose the agents friendship63Which of the following is true?AThe writer has tried many ways to get rid of the agent.BThe agent is easily put offCThe agent phone every dayDThe writer intends to call the agent in a few daysCWhen Christian Barnard，a South African doctor，performed the first human heart transplant in 1967，the result was a worldwide moral debate on the ethics of transplanting organsHearts were not the first human organs to be transplanted but， in this case，if a donor gave his or her heart，he or she would obviously and necessarily die(or be dead)Kidney(肾)transplants，which were already quite common in 1967，often involved the transfer of a single kidney from a close living relativeThe chances of survival of the donor were somewhat diminished because he now had only one kidney and if that kidney were affected by disease，he would not have a healthy kidney in reserveNevertheless，the donor Would certainly not necessarily dieUndoubtedly，another reason why the first heart transplant was so controversial(引起争论的)was the fact that we associate so many personality traits with the heartQuestions were asked of the type：“If a person had a different heart，would he still be the same person?”，or “If doctors needed a dying persons heart，would they tend to declare him dead prematurely?”，and so onToday，not only heart and kidneys，but also such extremely delicate organs as lungs and livers，are trans-plantedThese developments have led to a far higher or proportion of successful operations and this，in turn，has led to greater demand for transplantsAt the same time，many of the original moral questions surrounding heart transplants have been almost forgottenHowever，as a result of the heavy demand for organs，a new moral dilemma(左右为难)has appearedFor example，in the united States there are many people who would survive if lungs were available for transplanting. In fact，about 80 of them die before a suitable donor is foundIn these circumstances who would decide if a donor were found whose lungs were equally suitable for two potential recipients?This problem is made worse by the fact that many patients，or their families，become desperate to find a donorSome succeed in publicizing their situation in newspapers，to politician or on televisionSometimes，as a result，suitable donors are foundBut what would happen if another patient needed the organ more than organ? Would it be the doctors? Or the donor? Or the family who got the publicity? If such a dilemma developed it would be very difficult to resolve and it would be a matter of life or death to the patients involved64Which of the following is true?AKidney transplant operations were not common until 1967BKidneys for transplant operations had to come from dead people in 1967CKidney transplant operations were performed before heart transplant operationsD. Heart transplant operations were as common as kidney transplant operations65The first heart transplant was controversial because .Ait was not so successful as people had thoughtBsome people argued it was not moral to do soCthe recipient died on the operation tableDit was the most difficult operation ever known66Improved medical techniques have resulted in .Amore people seeking organ transplantsBmore Chances of survival of the donorCeven greater debate over whether or not to have organ transplantsDearlier death of the donor67According to the passage，the new moral dilemma is the result of .Aa higher proportion of successful operationsBtoo few human organs for too many potential recipientsCthe argument whether some delicate organs should be transplantedDso many failures in organ transplanting68How do you think the dilemma will develop?AThe dilemma will remain unresolvedBThe public(through the media)will demand a fair resolutionCThose who ate more desperate to find a donor will always be successfulDThe doctors will have the final sayDBeauty has always been regarded as something praiseworthy(值得称颂的)Almost everyone thinks attractive people are happier and healthier，have better marriages and have more respectable jobs Personal advisers give them better advice for finding jobs. Even judges are softer on attractive defendants(被告)But in the executive(行政的)circle，beauty can become a liabilityWhile attractiveness is a positive factor for a man oil his way up the executive ladder，it is harmful to a womanHandsome male executives were considered as having more honesty than plainer men；effort and ability were thought to lead to their successAttractive female executives were considered to have less honesty than unattractive ones；their success was connected not with ability but with factors such as luckAll unattractive women executives were thought to have more honesty and to be more capable than the at attractive female executivesInterestingly，though，the rise of the unattractive overnight successes was connected more to personal relationships and less to ability than that of the attractive overnight successesWhy are attractive women not thought to be able?An attractive woman is considered to be more feminine(女性的)and an attractive man more manly than the less attractive onesThus，an attractive woman has an advantage in traditionally female jobs，but an attractive woman in a traditionally manly position appears to lack the “manly” qualities requiredThis is true even in politics“When the only clue is how he or she looks， people treat men and women differently，”says Anile Bowman，who recently published a study on the effects of attractiveness on political candidatesShe asked 125 undergraduate students to rank two groups of photographs，one of men and one of women，in order of attractivenessThe students were told the photographs were of candidates for political officesThey were asked to rank them again，in the order they would vote for themThe results showed that attractive males completely defeated unattractive men，but the women who had ranked most attractive unchangeably received the fewest votes69The word “liability” most probably means .Adisadvantage Badvantage Cmisfortune Dtrouble70In traditionally female jobs，attractiveness .Amakes women look more honest and capableBstrengthens the feminine qualities requiredCis of great importance to womenDoften enables women to succeed quickly71It Can be inferred from the passage that peoples view on beauty are often_ .Apractical B. support Cold-fashioned Done-sided72The author writes this passage to .Agive advice to jobseekers who are attractiveBdiscuss the disadvantages of being attractiveCdemand equal rights for womenDstate the importance of appearanceEProbably you have seen photographs of the Grand Canyon(大峡谷)，the great valley in the desert country of ArizonaBut you must go there yourself to feel its true size and beauty. The Grand Canyon is one of the greatest natural wonders of the worldThe Colorado River formed the Grand Canyon over millions of yearsSlowly，the river cut down through hard rockAt the same time，the land was rising，Today，the Canyon is one and a half kilometres deep and 445 kilometres long. The oldest rocks at the bottom of the canyon are more than l billion years oldthe width varies from about 200metres to 29 kilometres acrossThe rim(边缘)or top of the canyon is about 2，300metresa-bove sea level on the South Rim，and about 3，000 metres on the other side，the North RimAs a result，there are different kinds of plants and animals on opposite sides of the canyonThe South Rim is dry desert countryThe North Rim has tall forestsThe canyon looks different at different times of day，and in different seasons and weatherAt sunrise and sunset the red，gold，brown，and orange colours of the rocks are especially clear and bright。In winter，the canyon is partly covered with snowThe view from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon is the bestMost visitors come to the South Rim and stay in campgrounds or hotelsEvery point along the canyons edge offers a different viewThe North Rim of the Canyon is quieter. It takes all day to drive there from the South Rim because there is only one bridge a cross the Colorado RiverOn the way，you go through Navada Indian lands，and a colourful pink desert called “The Painted Desert”You can walk down into the Grand Canyon，or you can go down on the back of a mule(小型电动机车)You can also take a boat trip down the Colorado River，and camp on the beaches at night. But whether you see the Grand Canyon from the top or the b