2020年中考英语 二轮专题解读与强化训练 专题十七 感叹句（无答案）

专题十七 感叹句 从历年中考试题的情况来看，感叹句句型是一个非常重要的考点，如何判断是用How引导还是What引导的句型是考试中的难点，经常会作为“选择题”或“按要求改句子”的题型出现在中考试卷中。因为感叹句的变化多，而且是英语的核心部分，所以在进行专项或知识点复习时，务必把感叹句相关的部分作为复习的重点，不但要把常见的基本概念搞清楚，而且有必要做大量的相应练习。这样才能在实 际应用中少出错或不出错。一.感叹句的定义 用以表示喜怒哀乐等强烈感情的句子叫做感叹句（exclamatory sentence）.感叹句句尾常用感叹号，亦可用句号，朗读时用降调，在口语中常用省略句，有时只用一个词或词组。如：Great ! How cold ! 二.感叹句的六种句式 一般说来，感叹句是由 what 或 how 开头的，它有两个类型，六种句式。掌握了它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。1.用 what 引导的感叹句有三种句式，此时，what 为形容词，用作定语，修饰它后面的名词或名词词组（即感叹部分是名词性短语）。 1）. What +a / an + 形容词可数名词单数主语谓语！e.g.: What a fine day it is！ 多么好的天气啊！（辅音音素前用a）What an old building that is！那是一栋多么破旧的楼房啊（元音音素前用an） 2）. What + 形容词可数名词复数形式主语谓语！e.g.: What good teachers they are！ 他们是多么好的老师啊！What beautiful flowers these are！ 这些是多么美丽的花啊！ 3). What + 形容词不可数名词主语谓语！e.g.: What thick ice we are having here！ 我们这儿的冰多厚啊！What round bread it is！ 这是一块多么圆的面包啊！2.用 how 开头的感叹句也有三种句式，此时， how 是副词，用作状语，修饰后面的形容词、副词或动词。 4). How 形容词主语谓语！ （即谓语动词是连系动词） e.g.: How hot it is today！ 今天天气多热啊！How beautiful the flowers are！ 这些花多么美丽啊！ 5). How 副词主语谓语！ e.g.: How hard he works！ 他工作多么努力啊！How well she sings！ 她歌唱得多好啊！ 6). How + 主语谓语！（即谓语动词是行为动词）e.g.: How she dances！ 她跳舞跳得多好啊！注意： what 和 how 引起的感叹句，在口语中常可以省略主语、谓语或其它句子成分。e.g.: How cold （ it is ） ！ What a good girl！ What delicious fish！（三）陈述句变感叹句全解 1.如何快速掌握感叹句？学会分析五种基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感叹句的关键，陈述句变感叹句实际上,就是句子成分位置的移动。e.g.: She is smiling sweetly. How sweetly she is smiling! （移动状语） 2.哪些句子成分可能会移动位置？通过对句子成分的分析我们就可以确定哪个句子成分需要挪动位置，一般说来含有形容词的名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语需要变动位置。位置可能会变动的句子成分：宾语、表语和状语。e.g.: Mr. Turner told us a funny story. What a funny story Mr. Turner told us!（移动宾语含有形容词的名词短语） 3.如何确定使用what还是使用how？当我们做句型变换或选择题时需要自己确定到底是用what还是用how，一般可以这样来确定：位于主语之前的是名词短语时用what，是形容词或副词短语时用how。但这种格式例外: how + adj. + a/ an + Ne.g.: What a cool bike you are riding!（a cool bike 名词短语）How fast he is riding!（fast 副词）How cool a bike you are riding!（how + adj. + a/ an +N） 4.如何判断是否使用冠词、使用什么样的冠词？ 名词的复数形式和不可数名词之前不使用冠词，以元音音素开头的词语之前用an，以辅音音素开头的词语之前用a。e.g.: What beautiful sunshine it is today!（sunshine 不可数名词） What a useful book this is!（useful 以辅音音素开头）What an old house that is!（old 以元音音素开头） 5.感叹句的六种句式见“二” 6.以what开头的句型和以how开头的句型怎样进行转换？这两种句型之间的转换主要是指以下两种情况而言的: 含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”结构的句子方法是把形容词单独抽出来放在名词短语的前面和how搭配使用。e.g.: What an expensive glass he broke! How expensive a glass he broke! 名词短语作主语而表语是形容词的句子方法是把主语当作“a/ an + adj. + N”结构的中心名词而用人称代词充当主语。e.g.: How beautiful the birds are! what beautiful birds they are!（说明：N代表名词，未特别说明者代表可数名词的单数形式，S代表主语，V代表动词） 7.在感叹句中哪些词语常常省略？ 常常省略的是充当主语的人称代词和动词be。e.g.: What a naughty boy!（省略了he is） 8.陈述句变感叹句的歌诀 陈述句述事实，感叹句表感情。陈述变成感叹句，主谓系表先分清。 宾语状语移句首，表语亦须打头阵。名词之前用what，形副之前how先行。 复数名词无冠词，事先分析莫轻心。如果名词不可数，摒弃a, an不留情。 冠词a, an要分明，清音辅音是标准。 句子结构要完整，标点符号亦变更。 总结规律进步快，编个歌诀给你听。（四）其它句式变感叹句有时陈述句、疑问句（句中常有so或much）以及祈使句也可直接转化为感叹句，不需要改变词的位置，只要改变原来的音调（即变为降调）。e.g.: Hes such a nice boy! 多好的孩子！How can you be so clever! 你怎么这么聪明！Don go with us! 别和我们一起去！Have you ever seen such a thing? 你曾见过这种事情吗？1 bad weather it is today!A. How B. How a C. What D. What a2._ great pictures! Who painted them?A. How a B. What a C. How D. What3._ you offered him!A. How useful advice B. What a useful advice C. How a useful advice D. What useful advice4.Look at the photo of the Smiths. happy they are!A. How B. What C. How a D. What a5-_beautiful skirt !-Thank you.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a6._ good news ! Shen Xue and Zhao Hong Bo won the Gold Medal for China in the Vancouver Winter Olympic Games.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a7. Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. _ the Dai people were having!Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What funB. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun8.Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. _ the Dai people were having!Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What happy B. How happily C. What a fun D. How a fun9. _ she has invented for us!A. What useful invention B. How a useful invention C. What a useful invention10._ bad weather ! Its rainy for two weeks.A. WhatB. What aC. How D. How a11. Look at the photo I took in Jinghon, Yunnan Province. _ fantastic the Water Festival is ! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What B. How C. What a D. How a12. interesting story it is!A. What an B. What C. How an D. How13.Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. _ excellent he is!A. How B. What C. What a D. What an14._ good news! The World Cup will be held in South Africa.A. What B. How C. What a D. How a15._exciting it is to swim in the sea while it is hot!A. How B. What C. How an D. What an16-We are building the subway in Wuxi now.-Wow, _!A. What an excited news B. how excited the news isC. What exciting news D. how exciting news17_ great fun they had singing and dancing last Sunday night!A. How a B. What a C. How D. What18_ pretty skirt youve bought for me!Im glad you like it.A. How a B. What a C. How D. What19_ useful information it is!A. What B. How C. What a D. How a20Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature（文学） last year. _ excellent he is!A. How B. What C. How an D. What an21 Look at the photo I took in Jinghong, Yunnan Province. _the Dai people were having! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun22_ bad weather it is！A.How B. How a C. What D. What a23 Look at the photo, Yunnan Province. the Dai people were having! Wow! They were celebrating the Water Festival.A. What fun B. How fun C. What a fun D. How a fun24 _ fine weather it is today!A. What a B. How a C. What D. How25-_ enjoyable day it is！Shall we go on a picnic? -Good idea.A. How B. What C. What a D. What an26 water it is!A.What a clean B.What clean C.How clean D. How clean a27_ fine weather today! Why not go out for a walk?A. HowB. How a C. WhatD. What a28 it was yesterday because of the storm!A. What a bad weatherB. What bad weather C. How bad a weather D. How bad weather29一Look! That teacher is explaining something to her students again and again!一_teacher she is!A. How patient B. What patient C. How a patientD. What a patient30 _ dangerous the animals are！A. What a B. What C. How a D. How31 _ great fun it is to fly in a saloon !A. WhatB. What a C. How a D. How32.I hear they took _ active part in the school sports meeting._ good boys they are!A.a; What a B. an; How C. an; What33 hard Tony is working!A. What B. How C. What a D. How