中考英语 题型七 短文填空解题指导 牛津译林版

短文填空 首字母填词是根据句意和已给出的首字母，在句子的空白处填上适当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确的一种题型。该题型既考查学生的单词记忆和拼写能力，又考查学生对句子的理解和运用的能力。1. 技巧点拨 细读首尾，掌握大意。首、尾句往往能提示或点明短文的主题，对全文的理解有较大的帮助。 看清时间，明确时态。这是确定所填单词形式正确的重要一步。 跳空猜读，先易后难。简单的题一跳而过，对于较难的题，先做个记号，到检查时在做。 运用固定搭配和习惯用语，充分考虑语境和语意。具体方法： 通读短文，掌握大意。 认真分析，初填单词。读完第一遍后，依据上下文语境、语意或首字母提示，推测单词，然后根据句法、词语的用法，确定其正确形式，对不能确定的题目，在题中空格下做个记号，稍后再进行确定。 细读全文，扫除障碍。读完第二遍后，确定了部分题目的答案。对于不能确定的答案，要再读全文，反复推敲。 全文复读，融会贯通。在填好答案之后，我们要从头至尾再把短文读一遍，细心检查。看所填单词是不是最佳单词，拼写是否准确无误，词形是否要作必要的变化，短文是否前后连贯一致，情节发展是否合理，议论是否合乎逻辑等。 2. 实例解析先阅读短文，然后在短文后1-10小题空白处写出各单词的正确形式，单词的第一个字母已给出。 Last spring I was walking in a park. In front of me there was a mum and her 3-year-old daughter. The little girl was holding a string(线), which had a balloon at the other e 1 .All of a sudden, a 1 2 wind took the balloon from the little girl. I thought she would cry.But, no! As the little girl turned to watch her balloon rise to the s 3 , she cheerfully shouted out, “Wow!”That little girl t 4 me something.Later that day, I received a phone call from my friend, he told me an unexpected problem. I felt like r 5 with “Oh no, what should we do?” But remembering that little girl, I found m 6 saying, “Wow, that is interesting! How can I help you?”One thing is for surelife is always going to make us f 7 unexpected problems, however, how to deal with them is our choice. We can choose to be annoyed or i 8 .No matter what the situation is, a “Wow!” will always b 9 “Oh, no.”So the next time you meet one of lifes unexpected g 10 , remember that little girl and make it a “Wow!” experience. The “Wow!” always works.1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 6.myself句子意思为“但是，当我记起那个小女孩时，我发现自己在说”，这里“自己”用myself。7.face句子意思为“生活总是让我们随时面对意想不到的问题。”表示“面对”用erested我们能够选择的是讨厌的或者有趣的。讨厌的之后用or连接表示选择，or前后意义应该是相对立的。故用interested。9.beat句子意思为“无论什么情况，a Wow!总是能击败Oh, no.”。10.guests句意为“因此，下次你遇到不速之客，”，故用guests 解题方法突破考点：首字母填短文题方法1：关注连词法短文中有许多连词，它们都是不容忽视的，特别是表转折的连词，自然会想到已有意思的转折，从而通过已有单词的反义词而推测出答案。方法2：联系上下法有些题目需要多方面推敲分析，并从上下文中找出重要信息提示，前后对照、上下推理才能得出答案。1-1（山东烟台）You also have to stand the hard pratice before you become one. If you would enjoy being a great violinist, but hate the hard and b_ work, just give it up.答案：boring 点拨：此题用关注连词法。根据前句“如果你想成为伟大的小提琴家”和后一句“但又讨厌艰苦练习，那么还是抛弃你的奢望吧。”可知，和hard并列的应该是“无聊的”，故填boring。2-1（江苏无锡）People in developed countries usually get their drinking water from a faucet(水龙头) or a bottle. But finding safe drinking water can be rather d_ in developing countries. People in Indi