英语句子成分讲解清晰版90365.ppt

取得英语语法成功的基石,句子成分,句子的成分,主语谓语表语宾语定语状语,补语,一）主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。主语一般位于_Wallshaveears.Hewilltakeyoutothehospital.Threeplusfourequalsseven.Toseeistobelieve.Smokingisnotallowedinpublicplaces.Whetherornottheywillcomedependsontheweather.二）谓语由_担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语动词。说明主语做什么或怎么样。Actionspeakslouderthanwords.Thechancemaynevercomeagain.Maryhasbeenworkingatthedressshopsince1994.,动词/动词短语,名词,代词,数词,todo不定式,动名词,句子,句首,三）表语它的位置在_之后。是用来说明主语的_,_,_的.,Myfatherisaprofessor.Whosthat?Itsme.Thematchbecameveryexciting.Thestoryofmylifemaybeofhelptoothers.Threetimesfiveisfifteen.Hisplanistoseekworkinthecity.Myfirstideawasthatyoushouldhideyourfeelings.,系动词、连系动词,性质,特征,状态,名词n,代词pron.,形容词adj.,介词短语,数词,不定式,句子,（四）宾语表示动作的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在_之后。_词后也会跟宾语。,Shecoveredherfacewithherhands.Wehaventseenherforalongtime.Doyoumindopeningthewindow?Givemefourplease.Hewantstodreamanicedream.Weneedknowwhatothersaredoing.,动词/动词短语,介词,名词n,代词pron.,动名词,代词和数词,todo不定式,句子,（五）定语是修饰_词.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_；短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之_。,Theyarewomanworkers.Tomsfatherdidntwritehomeuntilyesterday.Maryisabeautifulgirl.Theplayhasthreeacts.ThisisherfirsttriptoEurope.Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Ihavenothingtoeat.ThosewhowanttogotoTibetaretosigntheirnameshere.,名,前,后,名词,名词所有格,形容词adj,数词,形容词/序数词/不定式,现在分词,todo不定式,从句,六）状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词.一般表示发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度结果、条件、让步、伴随情况等意义。,Thebestfishswimnearthebottom.Ileftthevillagefiveyearsago.Iarrivedlatebecauseofthetrafficjam.Wellsendacartofetchyou.Thefishcaneatapersonintwominutes,leavingonlybones.Thestudentscameintotheclassroom,singinganddancing.Ifhegoes,sowillI.Thoughheisachild,heknowsalot.,地点状语,时间状语,原因状语,目的状语,结果状语,伴随状语,条件状语,让步状语,七）宾语补足语。英语有些及物动词，除了要有宾语之外，还要加上宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。,Theyelectedmecaptainoftheteam.Wetrytomakeourcountrystrong.Wefoundeverythingingoodorderthere.Ishouldadviseyoutogetthechance.Isawhimgoingupstairs.Theyfoundthehousebrokenin.,名词,形容词,介词短语,todo不定式,现在分词,过去分词,宾语和宾语补足语一起构成动词的复合结构,八）主语补足语如果上述结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，原宾语补足语相应地变为主语补足语,Iwaselectedcaptainoftheteam.Ourcountrywillbemadestrong.,与宾语补足语一样,二.五种简单句基本句型,主语+谓语+宾语主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,动词,系动词,不及物动词,及物动词,主语+系+表语,主语+谓语,1）Ourcityisatthecrossingofsomeimportantrailways.主语系动词表语2）Thecitywillbecomerich.主语系动词表语在这类结构中最常用的系动词是：“变化”类：_.“感官”类:_.“持续”类：_.其他：（似乎）_(证明是)_,get/become/turn/grow/go,taste/smell/feel/look/sound,stay/keep/remain,seemappear,turnout/prove(tobe),1主语+系动词+表语,Exercises,你的故事听起来很有趣。_.把鱼放在冰箱里，否则它会变坏的。_.这种炎热的天气将会保持几天。_.这个计划证明是可行的。_.,Youstorysoundedveryinteresting.,Putthefishintothefridge,ortheywillgobad.,Thehotdaywillremain/stay/keepafewdays.,Theplanturnedout/proved(tobe)practical.,2主语+谓语,1）Buildinghasstarted.主语谓语2）Thetrainleavesat7:40.主语谓语_搭配：Theteacherteacheswell.Thechildwalksveryslowly._搭配：Thegirllookedatthepicture.Thechildrenrantotheforest.,动词副词,动词介词,Exercise,我每天起的很早，走到小花园，坐在凳子上。小鸟在树上欢快的歌唱，鱼儿在池塘里自由的嬉戏，我玩得也高兴._.,EverydayIgetupearly,walktotheparkandsitonthebench.,Thebirdssingshappilyinthetree,thefishplaysfreelyinthepoolandIalsoenjoysmyself.,3主语+谓语+宾语,1）Thebossemployedfivemoreworkers.主语谓语宾语2）Mybrothertakescareofthevegetablegarden.3）Fewstudentsliketakingexams.4）Heforgottoclosethedoor.5）IhopeIcanspeakEnglishfluently.,Exercise,他因为车子开得太快而违反了交通规则。_他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快将其喝光。_他许诺给我一个礼物。_,Hedrovesofastthathebrokethetrafficrules.,Hetookoutabottleofbeeranddrankitupquickly.,Hepromisedtogivemeagift.,4主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,1）Hehasfetchedussomenewtextbooks.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语2）Grandmacookedusanicemeal.主语谓语间接宾语直接宾语3）Themantoldthegirlthathewantstotestherthesubject.4）TheboyaskedmeifIcouldspeakChinese.,可接双宾语的常见动词有：ask,answer,give,offer,send,bring,pass,tell,show,teach,promise,顺便问一下，她把钱付给你了吗？_.下学期谁教你们生物？_.Mr.White告诉我为什么他要出国。_.,Bytheway,hasshepaidyoumoney?,Whowillteachyoubiology?,Mr.Whitetoldmewhyhewentabroad.,5主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语,1）Thevillagersdidntallowthemtodothis.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语2）Iwillkeeptheboxintheshade.3）Wefoundhimaverygood