八年级英语上册 Unit 2 Numbers学案（无答案）（新版）牛津深圳版

Unit2 Numbers 知识探究Step One Reading& Listening1. Read a story about numbers.number 此处用作可数名词，意为“数字”。number还可意为“电话号码”。【拓展】number 还可用作及物动词，意为“标序号，给.编号”Please number the pictures.【随时练】 - Hello, is that Jenny speaking? - Sorry, Im afraid youve got the wrong _.A. number B. name C. address D. message2. Check some Maths problems.(1) check 及物动词，“检查，核实”【拓展】 check 的相关短语check in 登记，检票 check out 办清手续后离开 check up 检验I will meet Jane at the station, please _ what time she will arrive.A. count B.choose C. check D. Catch(2)problem 可数名词，“问题，难题”辨析：problem 与questionproblem多指有待解决的问题，特别是疑难的问题或令人疑惑的事，人或情况。常与work out和solve 等搭配solve the problem 解决问题deal with the problem 处理问题question意思相对广泛，指需要解决或解答的具体问题。常与ask 和answer 搭配ask questions 问问题answer the question 回答这个问题【拓展】（1）have problems in doing sth. 做某事有困难（2） No problem. 没问题。The food safety is a serious _ in our country. We should try to solve it.A. subject B.program C. problem D. Opinion3. The kings favourite game was chess.favourite “最喜欢的”，通常位于名词前作定语,没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上相当于like bestWhats sbs favourite .? = What . do/ dose sb. like best?【拓展】也可用作名词，意为“最喜欢的人或物”This book is my favourite.4. play chess 下象棋 play card 打牌play football，play basketball（play +棋牌、球类运动）play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 （play + the+乐器）5. One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game.(1)one day “某一天，有一天”辨析：one day与some dayone day （过去）有一天，（将来）某一天，用于过去时或将来时some day （将来）总有一天，只用于将来时Eg：I think ,y dream will come true one day /some day.我想我的梦想有一天会实现。Eg：One day, the old man was very ill.有一天，那位老人病的很严重。（2）challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战.【拓展】challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事，激励某人做某事(3)wise是形容词，意为“有智慧的”。Eg：A wise woman never shows her smart.【拓展】：wisdom n.智慧eg：Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验为智慧之母。完成句子1. 你为什么要检查卧室呢？Why do you _ the bedroom?2. 聪明的人总是能及时的解决难题。Someone who is _always solve the _ in time.3. 你想向他挑战吗？Do you want to _ him?4. 这张书桌大约100厘米长The desk about100_ _.6. The King promised the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game.”promise sb. sth. She promised me the book. 她许诺给我这本书。 promise to do sth.They promised to come to the pary on time. 他们答应会准时来参加聚会。 promise也可以作名词，make a promise意为“许下诺言，答应，保证”如： My mother made a promise to buy a new bike for me. 我母亲答应给我买一辆新自行车。 ( )He promised _ mis old friend during his stay in Tianjin.A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see if，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生。如：If you ask him，he will help you如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 ( Part A) ( Part B)上述的Part A为条件状语从句，Part B 为主句。从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。当从句置于主句前时，从句后就加逗号。如：He will help you if you ask him.【拓展】 If引导的条件状语从句引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,常用的if条件状语从句表示在某种条件下，某件事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。Eg：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Eg：If you have finished the homework you can go home.另外，If从句还可以表示不可能实现的条件或根本不存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。Eg：If I were you , I would invite him to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。Eg：I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞，我本会来的早一些。另外还要注意if条件句的时态搭配有以下几种情况：（1） if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，eg：If he runs, hell get there in time. 如果他跑着去，就会及时赶到那儿。（2）if 从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can,Eg:If it stops snowing, we can go out.(3) if 从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should,Eg :If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. (4) if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时，Eg：If you heat ice, it turns to water.（也可用will turn） 如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。(5) if 从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时，Eg：If you are looking for Peter, youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。（6） if 从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时，Eg：If you have finished dinner, Ill ask the waiter for the bill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。巧记if用法口诀：If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。【随时练】单项选择( ) 1. If there no buying and selling of animals, there no killing in nature. A. is; will he B. will be; will be C. is; is D. will be; is( ) 2._, Ill go shopping alone. A. If she comes B. If she wont come C. If she doesnt come ( )3.The students _ have a sports meeting this weekend if it _.A. wont; rains B. will; rains C. wont; will rain D. are going to; is going to rain（ ）4.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time A. will go B. went C. go D. going （ ）5.What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain（ ）6. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit? A. go B. went C. going D. will go （ ）7. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat. A. too many B. many too C. too much D. much too （ ）8. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 7. . And then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.rest 此处用作名词，“剩余部分”，the rest 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视作具体情况而定，如果所指代的为得数名词，则视为复数；如果所指代的为不可数名词，则视为单数。the rest of. “.的剩余部分”，作主语时谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词形式。One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest are in English.The rest of the money was donated to charities.8. Wouldt you like gold or silver instead?难道你不想要金子或银子代替？instead副词，意为“代替；顶替”。She is very busy. Lets go instead.她太忙了，还是让我们去吧。Ill read newspapers instead of seeing a film.我将看报纸而不是看电影。辨析：instead 与instead ofinstead 副词，代替，顶替，相反 ，位于名首或句末instead of 介词短语，“代替，而不是”，后接名词，代词或动名词 instead of doing sth. 代替做某事9. The king quickly realized the problem国王很快意识到了问题realized是动词realize的过去式。Realize及物动词，意为“认识到；意识到”，常见用法有：(1)realize+n.At last she realized her mistakes.最后她意识到了她的错误。(2)realize+that从句I realized that it was time to go to school.我意识到该上学了。(3)realize+疑问句+其他I dont think you realize how important this is to her.我认为你没有意识到这对她有多重要。10. he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares! enough此处用作形容词，意为“充足的；足够的”。可接可数名词或不可数名词。它放到名词前面或后面都可以。He doesnt have enough time/time enough to finish the work.他没有足够的时间去完成这项工作。【拓展】enough做副词时，意为“足够地，十分”，通常用于所修饰的形容词或副词之后。Eg：The boy is strong enough to lift the box.这个男孩很强壮，能举起这个箱子。11. I can teach you how to make more money if you promise to follow my advice,如果你承诺采纳我的建议，我可以教你如何去赚更多的钱。（1）How to make more money是“疑问词+动词不定式（短语）”结构，意为“如何去赚更多的钱”，在句中作teach 的宾语。疑问代词或副词what/who/whom/which/where/when/how后跟动词不定式（短语），常用作动词know/tell/ask/teach等的宾语。He asked me where to park his car.他问我该把他的车停在哪里。Could you please teach me how to make a home page?你能教我如何制作主页吗？(2)advice不可数名词，意为“建议”。表示“一条建议”用a/one piece of advice,表示一些建议用some advice。Eg：Ill give you some advice on how to look after your pet dog.我将给你一些怎样照顾你的宠物的建议。【拓展】:（1）advice的常用搭配：Give sb. Some advice/give some advice to sb.给某人一些建议ask for advice征求意见 follow/take sbs advice接受某人的建议（2） advice动词，意为“建议”，后接名词、代词或v.-ing形式作宾语，也可用于advice sb.(not)to do sth.结构，意为“建议某人不要做某事”。She advice us to wait (for) one more day.她建议我们再等一天。【随堂练】单项选择1.( ) If our government_ pay attention to the safety of food, our health_ in danger.A. isnt; is B. doesnt; will be C. wont; is D. isnt; will be2. ( )My brother want to_ his classmate to a computer game.A. Is challenge B. challenge to C. challenge with D. challenge3. ( )Would you _some bread?A. likes B.like to C likes to D.like4.( ) I will read newspapers _ _ seeing a film.A. instead B. instead of C. no only D. not to5. ( )The dining hall is_ to hold 300 people.A. enough B. enough small C. small enough D. big enough6. ( )I dont know how to keep healthy, can you give me_?A. an advice B. lots of advices C. a few advices D. some advice12. From then on he was not lazy any more.Not . Any more 相当于no more, “不再”，但两者位置不同，not .any more中not常与助动词或情态动词连用，any more位于句末；no more则位于助动词后，实义动词前辨析：not. any more / no more 与not .any longer/ no longernot. any more / no more 多表示数量或程度上“不再”，修饰的动词一般为非延续性动词，表示动作不再发生not .any longer/ no longer 多表示在时间或距离上“不再”，修饰的动词一般为延续性动词，表示动作不再延续I wont play computer games any more. = I will no more play computer games.She doesnt live here any longer. = She no longer lives here.13. Where the story took place.辨析：take place 与happen 均表“发生”，均无被动语态。take place 表示“发生，举行”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生，即这种事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排 When will the basketball game take place?happen 表示“发生，碰巧”，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，没有预见性An accident happened in that street.【随堂练】一、首字母填空1 Whats your telephone n_?2 I am a boy. I am my parents s_.3 Mary isnt in the classroom. Lets ask Jenny i_.4 He seldom r_to the e mails his friends send him.5 Can you play c_?6 Yesterday, he _(挑战)me to play that game.7 Tommy _(承诺) that he would go to school earlier the next day.8 My teacher told me that we used g_to make flour.9 Xuhaifeng won a g_medal in shooting in the 1984 Olympics.10 Mr Wu_(命令) Simon to close the windows before the storm came.二、单项选择1.（ ）8,730,326_ a large (大的)number.A. am B.is C. are D. be2.（ ）The number 366 writes _.A. three hundreds and sixty six B. three hundred and sixty sixC. three hundred and sixty-sux D. three hundred and sixty-six3.（ ）My father and I like to _ very much.A. playing the chess B. play chessC. playing chess D. play the chess4. （ ）“I cant write the words in an hour,” he replied _ me.A. /B. to C. forD. of 5.（ ）He ordered the soldier _ outside.A. to standB. stading C. to standingD. stand三、完成句子1.你逼大部分孩子都幸运些，我希望你意识到这一点。You are luckier than most children, and I hope _ _ _.2.当我们打网球时，你们其余的人做什么呢？While we are playing tennis, what will _ _ _you do ?3. 我喜欢读书而不是跳舞。I enjoy reading _ _ _.4.我去过很多地方，如上海、北京、杭州等等。I have been to many places, such as Shanghai ,Beijing , Hangzhou _ _ _.Step Two Speaking and Writing1. Some words have both a strong and a weak form.both.and.“.和.都.；既.又.；不但.而且.”，用于连接并列的句子成分。若both.and.连接两个名词或代词作主语，其谓语动词须用复数形式。Both his father and his uncle are very tall.2. Our Maths teachers uses a lot of games to help us learn.use.to do sth. “用.做某事”，相当于use.for doing sth.【拓展】use 可作名词，“用处，作用”Its no use doing sth. 做某事没有用。make (good) use of sth. （充分）利用某物3. He makes the class really interseting.make+宾语+形容词 “使某人/某物.” The present made my sister happy. 【随堂练】 一、 单项选择。1. ( ) We have _ to eat tonight.-Great! Thank you, Mum.A. special somethingB. special anythingC. nothing specialD. something special2. ( ) The exam was very easy, wasnt it?- Yes. But I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebodyB. anybodyC. nobodyD. everybody3. ( )Would you like _ water ?A. someB. any C. aD. an4. ( )I have an _ dog. It is very clever.A. amazeB. amazedC. amazingD. amazes5.( ) The traffic here _ quite heavy because more and more people are buying cars.A. isB. are C. makeD. makes二、书面表达 在阳光雨露里，我已升高、长壮。但这还不是全部，长大还就包括什么？是关心，帮助同学？是体贴，理解父母？是感恩，回报亲朋师长？还是.成长的点点滴滴，久久不能忘记？请以I am not a child any more为题，记叙你在学习生活中经历的一件或两件事，表明你已经不再是一个小孩子。要求：1、请根据所给题目，用英语写一篇短文，不少于80词。2、语言流畅，书写规范，卷面整洁 3、文中不得使用你的真实姓名，校名。 I am not a child any more _范文： I am not a child any moreI have changed a lot during the past three years. I used to be weak and short. But now, I am strong and as tall as my father. The most important thing is that 1 have learned to care about others.It was a Wednesday evening. When I went back home, no one was-in. So I cooked the meal. I didnt know my mother was ill until my parents came back from the hospital. They both said the meal was very delicious, although it tasted salty. At bedtime, I fetched hot water for my mother to wash feet. My mother said, Dear, you have really grown up. It was the first time that I had realized I was not a child any more.Step Three More practice1、Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.invention:n.发明相关词invent:v.发明 Inventor:n.发明家练一练（用所给词的适当形式填空） Edison was a famous_and he_more than one thousand_ in his life. （invent）2、Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things. use sth to do sth.用.来做. eg: In ancient times, people used stone to kill animals for food.拓展： used to do sth: 过去常常做某事 be/get used to doing sth:习惯于做某事【随堂练】单项选择1. He has been in China for two months, and now he _ the life here.A. used to B.uses C. is used to D.is using2. He_up after 8 oclock, but now he_up early.A.used to get;uses to get B.used to get; is used to getting C.used to getting; used to get D.used to getting; is used to get3、They used them to count things like the days of the month,the amount of food and the number of animals they had. 1.the number of:.的数量(强调数目)，其后接可数名词复数形式 2.the amount of:的数量(强调总量)，其后多接不可数名词 eg: the amount of snow降雪量 the amount of money钱的数量 the number of boys男孩的数量 the number of chairs 椅子的数量4、This developed into tools like the abacus. develop.v.发展 相关词 developed: adj. 发展的，发达的 developing: adj.发展中的 development: n.发展5、However, the could only count small numbers in this way.in this way用这种方法，这样Only in this way can we do better in English.in the way挡道，妨碍Look, a car is in the way.on the way在路上，在途中I met my uncle on the way to school.by the way顺便说一下By the way, what time is it?6、They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily.so that 此处引导目的状语从句，“为的是，以便”，从句中常有can, could, may,might等情态动词。 so that 从句可以转换成in order +that 从句 或 in order to do sth. 结构I work hard so that I could finish my work on time.= I work hard in order that I could finish my work on time.= I work hard in order to finish my work on time.【拓展】so that 也可以引导结果状语从句，“结果，因此”，该从句前常用逗号与主句隔开。It rained heavily, so that we had to stay at home.so that可引导目的状语从句，“以便，为了”；也可引导结果状语从句，“结果，因此”The little boy saved money so that he could buy his mother a present.so . that引导结果状语从句，“如此.以至于.”The football fams were so excited that they cried out.Youd better take the map with you _ you wont get lost.A. as long as B. as soon as C. now that D. so that【随时练】一、用方框所给短语的适当形式完成句子。different ways, at first , after that, begin to , count things, so that, develp into, lead to , carry around , made from1. Some of them still live in _.2. What _ you _ change your mind?3. You _ all the _ to find how many there are.4. I _ memories of my homeland _ with me.5. _, the words didnt mean anything to Helen.6. Their affair did not _ a lasting relationship.7. She often has breakfast at six fifty, _ she goes to the factory by bus.8. The glass is _ sand.9. It _ snow when he came out of the warm office.10. Miss Wang speaks aloud _ all the students can hear her.二、单项选择1. ( )I didnt go out on Sunday. I stayed at home _.A. howeverB. butC. insteadD. instead of2. ( )Long ago, people wrote numbers _ many different ways. A. atB. inC. withD. by3. ( )I found it difficult to communicate with him _. A. at first B. first C. on firstD. to first4. ( )Everything begins _ in spring. A. to growB. growC. growsD. grew5. ( )Whats your sweater _ ? A. made ofB. make ofC.make fromD. made in6. ( )Please open the window _ we can breathe fresh air. A. ifB. andC. so thatD. such that7. ( )Working hard _ English can lead _ have a good job. A. at; inB. in; atC. in; forD. at; to8.( ) I phoned again and again, but there was no _. A. answerB. questionC. telephoneD. man三、句型转换1. Jenny doesnt agree to the plan. (改为同义句)Jenny _ with the plan.2. He is too excited to do it. (改为同义句)He is _ excited _ he _ do it.3. Return my money, please. (改为否定句)Please _ return my money.单元语法数词一、基数词（一）基数词的构成最基本的基数词如下表1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 30 thirty 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety100 a/one hundred 1, 000 a/one thousand 1, 000, 000 a/one million 1,