浙江省衢州市开化县池淮镇初级中学七年级英语语法复习 人称代词和物主代词的用法及练习 （新版）外研版

人称代词和物主代词的用法及练习一、人称代词表示“我”、“你”、“他”、“她”、“它”、“我们”、“你们”、“他们”的词，叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Lets go (lets =let us)二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词而名词性物主代词则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。如：Is this your book?No,，it isnt， its hers(her book)This pen is mine.物主代词的定义：物主代词实际上是人称代词的所有格形式。根据其句法作用，物主代词可以分为形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词一定要后接名词（如：This is my book. 这是我的书。），名词性物主代词可以独立使用，无需后接名词（如：This book is mine. 这本书是我的。）。见下表。数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的物主代词的用法：1、物主代词既有表示所属的作用又有指代作用，例如：John had cut his finger; apparently there was a broken glass on his desk.约翰割破了手指，显而易见，他桌子上有个破玻璃杯。名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的-s属格结构，例如：Jacks cap 意为 The cap is Jacks.His cap 意为 The cap is his.2、形容词性物主代词的句法功能形容词性物主代词一般位于名词前，用作定语，限定该名词的意义。例如：My name is John Green. 我叫约翰格林。Excuse me, is this your car? 对不起，这是您的车吗？His parents are in England. 他的父母在英国。They wash their faces every day. 他们每天都洗脸。（本句中的their无须译出）3、名词性物主代词的句法功能a. 作主语，例如：May I use your pen? Yours works better.我可以用一用你的钢笔吗？ 你的比我的好用。b. 作宾语，例如：I love my motherland as much as you love yours.我爱我的祖国就像你爱你的祖国一样深。c. 作介词宾语，例如：Your should interpret what I said in my sense of the word, not in yours.你应当按我所用的词义去解释我说的话，而不能按你自己的意义去解释。d. 作主语补语，例如： The life I have is yours. Its yours. Its yours.我的生命属于你，属于你，属于你。4. 名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。例：My bag is yellow, her bag is red, his bag is blue and your bag is pink. 为避免重复使用bag，可写成My bag is yellow, hers is red, his is blue and yours is pink.1._(我) am a teacher.2.My father is talking with _(我).3.This is _(我的) book.4._(他的) chair is blue.5._(我们的) classroom is big.6._(他) often plays basketball after school.7._(他的) teacher is good.8._(我们) buy a pair of shoes for _(他).9.Please pass_(我们) the ball.10._(他们) are listening to the radio.11._(我) am a teacher.12.This is _(她的) bag. That is_(他的)13._(他的) cap is blue. _( 我们的) are yellow.14.Our chair is better than _ ( they).15.I will give the presents to_(they).16.These books are_(I), and those are_(you).17.My ruler is long. _ ( you ) is short.18.My bike is broken. May I borrow_ ( she)?19.Can you show _(I) your book?20.Its time for _(they) to go home.21.Mr. Green often tells _(we) some stories.22.These are not your desks. They are _(our).23.This is not my shirt. Its _(he)24.I saw _(she) in the shop yesterday.参考答案：1. I 2. me 3. my 4. His 5. Our 6. He 7. His 8. We, him 9. us 10