初中语法时态精美课件.ppt

,初中英语时态,已学的时态：1.一般现在时2.现在进行时3.一般将来时4.一般过去式5.过去进行时6.现在完成时,用法：经常性的和习惯性的动作常用时间状语：usually,sometimes,inspring,everyday,inthemorning动词构成：动词原型.work动词+S.（主语是第三人称单数）works否定构成：dont+动原doesnt+动原,一般现在时,Forexample:Ilikelivinginthesuburbs.Mumgoestothesupermarketonceaweek.Therearentanyshopsorrestaurants.Hedoesntgotoschoolatseveneverymorning.,一般疑问构成及简答：Do+主语+动原+其它？Yes,Ido.Does+主语+动原+其它？No,hedoesnt.特殊疑问举例：1.WhatdoyouoftendoonSundays?2.Wheredoeshelive?,现在进行时用法：说话时正在进行的动作或当前一段时间正在进行的动作常用时间状语：now,thesedays动词构成：am/is/are+现在分词(-ing)am/is/areworking否定构成：am/is/are+not+现在分词,Forexample:Nowwearelivinginthenewneighbourhood.Tomisplayingfootballontheplayground.,一般疑问构成及简答：Am/Is/Are+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,Iam(heis.)/No,theyarent特殊疑问举例：Whatareyoudoingnow?Whoisflyingakitethere?,一般将来时,用法：将来会出现或发生的动作常用时间状语：thisevening,tomorrow,nextmonth,inafewminutes,attheendofthisterm动词构成:1,will/shall+动原2,am/is/aregoingto+动词原型3,sm/is/are(about)+动词不定式4,am/is/are+coming等现在分词否定构成：will/shallnotdo/am/is/arenotgoingtodo,Forexample:Illgototheestateagencytomorrow.Itisgoingtorainthisafternoon.,特殊疑问句举例:Whatwillyoudotomorrow?Whenarewegoingtohaveaclassmeeting?备注：在if条件或assoonas等时间状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。IwillwritetoyouassoonasIarrivedinBeijing.,一般过去时,用法：过去时间发生的或过去经常性的动作常用时间状语：yesterday,lastnight,twodaysago,in2000,atthattime,beforeliberation，when等引导的含过去时的句子。动词构成：动词过去时（-ed）workedwork否定构成：didnt+动原didntwork一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？Yes,主语+did./No,主语+didnt.,Forexample:Wewenttothecinemayesterday.Whenwelivedinthecitycentre,wegotuplateandwalkedtoschool.,一般疑问构成及简答举例：Did+主语+动原+其它？特殊疑问句举例：Whatdidhedoyesterday?Whendidhegetupthismorning?备注：Hehasopenedthedoor.（表示过去“开门”的动作对现在的影响是门还开着）Heopenedthedoor.(不能确定门现在是否开着),现在完成时,用法:1、发生在过去的动作且对现在仍有影响的动作，强调对现在的影响.2、从过去一直延续到现在的动作常用时间状语：already,just,never,before,recently,inthepastfewyears,ever,sofar,since+过去的点时间,for+段时间动词构成：have/has+过去分词(-ed)have/hasworked否定构成：have/hasnot+过去分词(-ed),Forexample:KittyhasjustmovedtoWaterBay.Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework.Hismotherhasntpromisedtobuyhimapresent.,一般疑问构成：Have/Has+主语+过去分词?特殊疑问句举例：Whathaveyoudonerecently?HowlonghashelivedinBeijing?备注：暂时性动词不能与for,since,Howlong等表示段时间的短语同时使用。Ihaveborrowedthebookforthreedays.(错）Iborrowedthebookthreedaysago.,过去进行时,用法：过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在发生的动作常用时间状语：atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,attenoclockyesterday或when引导的从句动词构成：was/were+现在分词(-ing)以work为例：was/wereworking否定构成：was/werenot+现在分词,一般疑问构成及简答举例:Was/Were+主语+现在分词+其它？Yes,Iwas/No,Iwasnt特殊疑问句举例：Whatwereyoudongthistimeyesterday?Wherewashestandingwhentheteachercamein?,用法：从过去某时间来看将要发生的动作或状态，常用于宾语从句。常用时间状语：thenextweek等动词构成：1、would/should+动原2、was/weregoingto+动原3、was/were(about)to+动原,过去将来时,否定构成：would/shouldnotwas/werenot一般疑问构成：常用if或whether引导宾从特殊疑问句举例：Heaskedwhattheywoulddothenextweek.,用法：1、过去某时间或动作之前完成的动作或状态(过去的过去)。2、过去某一时间的动作延续到过去另一时间常用时间状语：bythattime,bytheendof,when/before+从句，said/knew/asked的宾从中动词构