12-学术写作Choosing a topicPPT课件.ppt

,钱杨,ACADEMICWRITING,盛云岚,1,Howtochooseatopicforyourresearch?Howtodevelopanassignmentintoastrongtopic?Howtonarrowatopic?Howtoformulatearesearchquestion?Howtoformulateaworkingtitle?Howtoformulateaneffectivethesisstatement?,2,primaryresearchpaper:thestudyofasubjectthroughfirsthandinvestigation,involvingpresentingoriginalideasandinformationonyourown.alsocalledsurvey-or-experiment-basedresearchsecondaryresearchpaper:involvesgatheringandanalyzingtheresearchfindingsfromotherpeoplesresearch.youneedtoborrowanduseevidenceandfindingsavailableonthetopicinthelibraryorontheinternet.alsocalledlibrary-or-internet-basedresearch,Page3,6/1/2020,Page4,6/1/2020,Interesting(itisinteretingtoyou,yourinstructors,researchersinthesamefield.)Significant(itindicatesthevalueofyourwork)manageable(Itisunderyourcontrol)Adequate(Youcouldfindenoughresearchliteratureavailableforyoursubject.,Page5,6/1/2020,Page6,6/1/2020,citydevelopmentsustainabledevelopmentofcitiessustainabledevelopmentofbigcitiessustainabledevelopmentofChinesebigcitiessustainabledevelopmentofChinesebigcitiesfromthebiologicalperspective,Page7,6/1/2020,Narrowdownthesetopicsfora2500-wordessay.Globalwarmingmynarrowersubtopic:1).2).3).CancerInternetArtificialIntelligenceNanotechnologyGeneticallyModifiedFoods,Page8,6/1/2020,Topic:abroadrangeorgeneralfieldofinterestQuestion:aparticularpartoraspectofatopicthatisnarrowenoughtoinvestigateandwriteabout,Page9,6/1/2020,Findingsomethingtowriteabout:askingjournalisticquestions,Topic:ComputerLiteracyofCollegeFreshmenJournalisticquestions:1)WhoisfamiliarwithcomputersandtheInternet,andwhoisnot?2)Whatiscomputerliteracy?whataretheeffectsofweakcomputerskills?whatkindsofprogramsexisttohelpcollegestudentsimprovecomputerskills?3)Whendidcomputerbecomeessentialforcollegestudents?4)Wherearestudentsmostlikelytolearncomputerskills?5)WhyisfamiliaritywiththeInternetsoimportantincollege?whyaresomestudentscomputerskillssomuchbetterthanothers?6)Howcanwehelpstudentswholagbehind?,Page10,6/1/2020,Deepeningwhatyouwanttowriteabout:askingin-depthquestions,Page11,6/1/2020,Topic:NuclearWasteDisposalQuestions:1)whatisnuclearwaste?2)whataretheharmfuleffectsifnuclearwasteisnotappropriatelydisposedof?3)howarewesupposedtodisposeofnuclearwastesafelyandeconomically?4).,Page12,6/1/2020,Atypicaltitleiscomposedof:1)subjectmatter+2)keywordsofthemethod+3)keywordsofthecontentKeywordsindicatingmethods:compare,analyze,contrast,discuss,evaluate,study,assessKeywordsindicatingcontent:causes,effects,advantages,benefits,effectiveness,besideswordsofsubjectmatters.,Page13,6/1/2020,Decidewhichofthefollowingtitlesis(are)themoreappropriateone(s)1.TheEffectsofClimateChange2.WhataretheEconomicEffectsofClimateChange?3.TheCausesandEffectsofGlobalWarming4.TheMeltingPoles:theGreatestDangerfromGlobalWarming5.HowtoCombatClimateChange?6.SomeeffectsofGlobalWarmingonChina7.AStudyofEffectsofGlobalWarmingonAgriculture8.GlobalWarmingEffectsonMentalHealth9.OzoneDepletionandClimateChange10.PotentialImpactofClimateChangeonWorldFoodSupply,Page14,6/1/2020,T.S.isAnassumptionaboutthetopic,anapproachtoit,anattitudetowardit,apropositiontobeexamined.thecontrollingideathatdeterminesthedesignofyourthesis.asinglesentencewiththetopicofthepaperasthegrammaticalsubject.,Page15,6/1/2020,AsuccessfulworkingT.S.:InterestingandengagingExplicitArgumentativeSpecificLimitandfocusonatopic,Page16,6/1/2020,AWorkingT.S.:atopicpart+acommentpartEg:ThecurrentAmericanfarmcrisiscanbetracedtothreemajorcauses.,Page17,6/1/2020,Thesisstatement:Althoughtodaysall-volunteerforcehasreplacedthemilitarydraft,adraftmayeventuallybenecessary.,Page18,6/1/2020,Examineandanalyze?Evaluateandcriticize?Compareandcontrast?Establishrelationships?Arguefor/against?Persuade?,Task:AnalyzethefollowingT.S.topredictpossibledevelopmentpatternsoftheessays1)ThecurrentAmericanfarmcrisiscanbetracedtothreemajorcauses.2)Althoughtodaysall-volunteerforcehasreplacedthemilitarydraft,adraftmayeventuallybenecessary.,Page19,6/1/2020,Eg.Therealprobleminourschooldoesnotrevolvearoundtheabsenceofnation-widegoalsandstandards;theproblemisprimarilyconcernedwiththeabsenceofresources.Revised:Therealprobleminourschoolisnottheabsenceofnation-widegoalsandstandards;theproblemistheabsenceofresources.,Page20,6/1/2020,Tochooseatopic,youneedtoconsidertherequirementofyourassignment.IdentifyaresearchinterestNar