高考复习专题语法填空.ppt

高考复习专题五,RationalCloze(语法填空),湘潭市一中高三英语组执教者：李明玉,题型说明,选材：200字左右，话题贴近生活。命题形式：无提示词(3-4)，有提示词(6-7)考查内容：考生在语篇中运用语法知识的能力。考点：词法、句法和逻辑关系。分值分配：共10小题，满分15分。建议用时：6-8mins,GetingtoknowtheRationalCloze,(2017年高考卷)Therehasbeenarecenttrend.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61asamethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62effects(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease.Theyarerequired63toprecess(process)thefoodthatweeat,.Whenfatandsalt64areremoved(remove)fromfood.As65aresult,.Even66worse(bad),.Fastfood67is(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68eating(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.However,be69careful(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70whichisnotgoodforthehealth.,总结：62名词；63、64、67、68动词；66形容词；69派生,是指“使用括号中词语的正确形式填空”这类题，五年来的高考题只考名词、动词、形容词和副词、词类转化等四种情况。,有提示题的解题技巧,方法探究1：名词类,1.(2017本溪市模拟)(chance)arethatyouwillreceivethreedifferentanswers.2.(2017赤峰市模拟)Asateenhelefthisfamilysfarminsearchofbetter(opportunity).,Tip1:当空格后所给的提示词为名词，并且作时，通常考查其。,主语或宾语,复数形式,Chances,opportunities,Practice,1.(2017全国卷)Shehasturneddownseveral(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.2.Ashecouldnotfind(box)oftherightsize,hehadtousefruitbasketsinstead.3.Thegreen(leaf)withredbloomsareverypleasanttolookat.,invitations,boxes,leaves,方法探究2:动词类,1.(2017漳州市八校联考）Mostplayers(trade)toanotherteamatleastthreetimesintheircareers.2.(2017南昌市三校联考）He(write)thispostcardandsentittohislovelysisterNellinJanuary1916.,Tip2：提示词为动词时，若句子缺谓语，此动词作。此时先确定主语，再确定。,谓语,时态、语态、动词单复数,aretraded,wrote,1.(2017全国卷)Whenfatandsalt(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.2.(2015全国卷)ItwasraininglightlywhenI(arrive)inYangshuojustbeforedawn.3.Duringhismiddleschoolyears,he(play)footballnearlyeveryday.,Practice,areremoved,arrived,plays,1.(2017全国卷)Theyarerequired(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforsevralotherbodilyfunctions.2.(2017南昌市三校联考)Hehadakeeninterestinsovingproblems(meet)ineverydaylife.,Tip3：提示词为动词，但句子已经有谓语时，所填动词通常是；,方法探究2:动词类,toprocess,met,使用何种非谓语动词依据：_表目的、将来，形容词后；_表主动、进行或在介词后；_表被动、完成。还有一些是固定搭配。,非谓语,todo,V-ing,V-ed,1.(2017邯郸市模拟)(overcome)theseshortcomings,BiShenginventedthemovabletypeduringtheyearsbetween1041and1048.2.(2017绵阳市模拟)Today,manyscientistsgothere.(study)itsresourcesandworktogetherforprogressandpeace.,Tips:作目的状语只能用，可位于句首或者句尾。,Practice,Toovercome,tostudy,不定式,1.(2017南昌市模拟)Chinawillallowallcouplestohavetwochildren,(give)upitsdecades-longonechildpolicy.2.Hesuddenlyappearedinclassoneday,(wear)sunglasses.3.FinallyIrefusedtoattendclass,(shut)myselfinmyroomforhours.,Tips:做伴随状语一般用形式。,Practice,giving,wearing,shutting,V-ing,(2017烟台市模拟)Meanwhile,themediaplaysamajorrolein(create)ahigherlevelofawarenessaboutblooddonation.Buteverydriverwhostoppedtoexaminethenotedroveoffwithout(say)aword.,Tips:做介词的宾语一般用形式。,Practice,creating,saying,V-ing,1.(2017荷泽市模拟)Thisshowsusthatsometimesapeacefulmindcanthink(well)thananexcitedone.2.(2017宝鸡市模拟)Itsnaturalthatyoungpeopleareoften.(comfortable)whentheyarewiththeirparents.3.Firstly,honestyisthe(easy)choicethatwecanmake.,方法探究3:形容词和副词类,better,Tip3:当所给的词是形容词或副词时，空格处仍需要形容词或副词时，通常考查其。,比较级、最高级、反义词,easiest,uncomfortable,1.Afterourplanelanded,wewenttothehotel.Wehadmadeourreservationsixmonths(early),butthemanatthefrontdesksaidtherehadbeenamistake.2.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe(sweet).3.Itmighthavemadeitalittle(hard)foreverybodybecauseitmeanttheyhadtoturnaround,butthatdidntstopthekidsintheclass.4.ThisisthemethodIhavelearnt-theharderyouworkindependently,the(good)solutionsyouwillfind.,Practice,harder,earlier,sweeter,better,1.(2017济南一中模拟)Crimesgoup(rapid)duringthewinterandsummerholidayseasons.2.(2017南昌二中模拟)Maryfelt_(please)becauseofherprogress.3.(2017太原五中检测)Ifyouhavetime,youshouldwitnessthetrue(beautiful)oftheChinaslandmark.,方法探究4:派生词类,Tip4:当空格处所需词类与括号中所给的词类不同时，则需进行_。1）作主语或宾语用_2）作定语、表语或补足语要常用_3）修饰v、adj、adv或句子要用_,rapidly,pleased,beauty,词类转换,名词,形容词,副词,1.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof(achieve).2.Onlyinthiswaycantheywinthefavorsand(protect)fromtheirancestorsandtheGod.3.“Thatwouldbeavery_(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikeouts,”Nicksaid.4.Shewas(surprise)helpful.5.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.,Practice,achievement,protection,reasonable,surprisingly,introduction,Practice,即学即用,Goodbye,hawking.Inanotherparallelworld,youarefreetorun.,StephenHawking,1.(bear)inBritainonJanuary8th,1942,isthemostfamous2.(physics),Asachild,hewasenthusiasticabout3._(design)complicatedtoysbut2.unfortunately,inhis4.(twenty),hesufferedfromadiseasethatwas5.(possible)tobecured,whichwasagreatchallengeforhim.However,hewasnotonlypositiveaboutthe6(fortune),andeventuallyhe7.(defeat)alltheobstaclesbutalsohewasabsorbedinhisresearchintheuniverse.In1988,hisbest-sellerABriefHistoryofTime8(publish),inwhichheputforwardtheideathattimeitselfhasabeginning,andthatitwillhaveanend.In9._(conclude),hehasmadeoutstanding10.(contribute)tothefieldsofcosmologyandquantumgravity.,physicist,designing,born,waspublished,conclusion,defeated,misfortunes,twenties,impossible,contributions,Whenactor-filmmakerChenSicheng1.(be)young,he2.(read)BritishauthorCharlesDickensnovelGreatExpectations.Thebookstitle,forhim3.(symbolize)anaspiration4.(strive)forabrightfuture,wasetchedonhismind.Asahomageto5(he)childhoodfavorite,Chengavehisnewtelevisionseriesthesametitle.Butthestoryis6.(complete)different.7.(set)inthe1920s,the56-episodedramaGreatExpectationschroniclestheriseofHongSanyuan,a8.(fiction)herowhotransforms