高中英语必修四 Unit 4 Body language Grammar.ppt

属性，V-ing作为副词，unit 4，1。yesterday，anotherstudendance，representingouruniversity sstudentasociation，Wenttothecapitalinternational air portsistoodforaminutwatchingtheimandwenttoggreethem . 3 . shestepedbackappearingsurprised . 4 . thenakiranagata fromjapancameinsmilingjust atthatmoment，however，akir ama bowed status nosetouchedgeorge smovinghand。属性、6。theyalsoexpress theirfeelingsusingunstaken language，=theyalsoexpresstheirfeelingsbythewayofusingunpokenlanguage，方法副词，7 .mostpeoplearmoundtheworldnogreeter by shakinghands . 8 . in general，though，studeninginternationcustomscentfainlycanhelpneuffere . g . thestudent swalked onthe street，talingandlaughing。现在分词的完成式意味着分词比谓语动作先发生。E.g. havingfinishedhishomework，theboywentuttoplaywithisfriends。注意1，工作顺序，现在分词通常与逻辑主题有主动关系。Thestudents swalkeedonthestreet、talking and laughing . havingfinishedhishomework、theboywentuttoplaywithhsfriends、the stustuts，2)名词用作表示被修饰者的角色或功能的属性。aswimmingpool=apooleusedforswimming，asleep ingcar，=，waterusedfordrinking，acarusedforsleping，drinkinwateping: theboystandingthereisalassmateofmine。standingtheretheboyishualassmateofmine。Thebuildingbeingbuildingbuildingbusiloverthereislourlibrary。_ _ _ _ _ dogsseldombite . a . barkb . tobarkc . barkedd . barking the _ _ _ _ buildingsshowedusthatanearthquakewasining(=whenheheardthenews，Hewlouldn thelplaughing。)havingfoundhercarstolen，shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp。(=aftersheetfoundhercarstolen，shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp。)同时发生，逻辑上以动词-ing格式表示的动作和以句子谓语动词表示的动作同时发生时，使用一般(V-ing)。在句子谓语动词所代表的动作前练习完整式(havingdone)，the oldman，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ aboardfortwentyyers，isonthewaybacktohisman(=because/ashewastools，heckdown taffordvset。)being a student，youshouldstud。(=sinceyouareastudent，Youshould stud yhard。)notthinginheightbeathome、icalledhim。(=asididn tthinkhemightbeathome，icalledhim。)，because，as，since，表示原因的动词-ing形式通常放在句子的开头，相当于一个原因副词子句。不定式是句子开头的not。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ histelemphonenumber，shehaddsomeffcultygetting intuchwithrefill。(1991年上海)not knowing B. knowingnotc。nothavingknown。havingnotknown，a，现在分词用作原因副词，分词结构的不定式通常位于现在分词前面。3、作为条件副词，working hard，you will succed。(=if you work hard，you will succed。)作为条件副词的动词-ing形式对应于条件副词子句。继续走，你会看到白色的房子。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ seeawhitehouse。只要继续努力，就能实现梦想。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on trying，youwillizeeyourdream。walking，keeping，4，thechildscreenddandfell，hitinghisheadagainstthedoor作为结果副词。(=thechildscreenddandfell，andhithisheadagainstthedoor。)作为全国最受欢迎的歌曲之一在唱这首歌。Thesongissungalloertheckry，_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _，makingitthemostpopoulorong，5，让步状语，Havingbeentoldmanytimes，hestill didn tlearntheserulsbyheart。(=althouhehadobentldemory，)being young，thelittleboyknowsalotaboutcomputer。(=thoughtheltleboyisyoung，Haknowsalotaboutcomputer。)，though，although，6，伴随副词的分词1。)标记的动作必须与主语的一个动作、2)谓词表示的动作或状态同时发生，或补充谓词的特定情况。theboatinfronttofthefarm-house、cuttingthebranch。(=theboysatinfronthefarm-house，andcutthebranch。)shesatonthesofa，watching TV。(shesatonthesofa，andwatchedtv .)，如果伴随动词-ing表，则可以扩展为一个并行语句。timepermitting，iwillpavisibitothewholecty，独立的主要结构，分词用作副词时分词的逻辑有助于与句子的主语一致。如果不是谓语的动作主语不是句子的主语，就要加上自己的逻辑主语，这个结构就成为独立的主格结构。例如：therainhavingstopped，wewentomarching，垂直分词/独立分词/插入语，将一些分词用作副词时，其形式的选择不受上下文影响。独立分支或插入语。一般是：generally/frankly/strictly speaking一般是/老实说/严格地说，judgingfrom/by是.根据判断considerring/o considerations注意事项.supposing/providing/provided that compared with.与比较(例如： judgingfromhisacent，heisfromthesouth。consideringyourhealth，you dbetterhaviorest。1 .havingnotseenthefilm，Ican ttellyouwhatithinkfit . 2 . themen(workedforextrahours)gottanextravpay . 3 . seenfromthemthenthefit、not having、working、