初中定语从句基础讲解-

初中定语从句基础讲解,什么是定语从句呢？,修饰前面某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。,结构：先行词+关系词+句子,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,先行词,关系词,定语从句,Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.,先行词,_,_,关系词,_,定语从句,关系词,关系代词:that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词:when,where,why,人(n.)+who/that+从句物(n.)+that/which+从句,关系代词的作用：a.做代词，代替先行词b.在从句中担任句子成分：主语或宾语c.做连词，把主句和从句连接起来,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,关系代词:,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,ThemanwhoItalkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Theman(whom/who)InoddedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomInoddedisProfessorLi.,3.which指物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?,Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?,4.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,Ihaveanapple.,Anappleisred.,Ihaveanapple,thatisred.,修饰先行词anapple,主语,主语,关系词that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,Ihavesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ihavesomefriends,wholikesports.,修饰先行词friends,主语,主语,/that,关系词who/that在定语从句中作主语时不能省掉。,关系词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。Iprefershoesthatarecool.Ihaveafriendwhoplayssports.,Ilikethemusic.,Icandancetothemusic.,Ilikethemusic,thatIcandanceto.,宾语,宾语,关系词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,Ilikethegirl.,Youaretalkingtothegirl.,Ilikethegirl,who(m)youaretalkingto.,宾语,宾语,/that,关系词who/that在定语从句中作宾语时可以省掉。,归纳：that,即指人又指物，作主语或宾语。which,指物，作主语或宾语。who,whom指人,who作主语或宾语,whom作宾语。关系词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省去。,1)Aplaneisamachine_canfly.2)Thecar_myuncleboughtlastweekwasstolen.3)Thestudents_dontstudyhardwillnotpasstheexam.4)Thewoman_yousawintheparkisourEnglishteacher.,which/that,which/that,who/that,whom/that/who,任务I.阅读下列句子，再用who/that填空。1.Ihaveabrother_likessoccer.2.Tomdoesntlikemovies_aretoolongandtooscary.3.Weprefergroups_playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_oftenhelpeachother.,who/that,that,that,who/that,任务II.请将下列题中的两个句子合并成一个句子。1Ilikemusic.Themusicisloudandexciting._.2.Shelovesmovies.Themoviesareromantic._.3.Tonylikesmusic.Hecandancetothemusic._.,Ilikemusicthatisloudandexciting.,Shelovesmoviesthatareromantic.,Tonylikesmusicthathecandanceto.,Matchthetwosentences1.Imreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?Youboughtitlastweek._,Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.,Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.,Idontlikethemanwhoissmoking.,Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?,whose作定语,表示所属关系。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,Achild_parentsaredeadiscalledanorphan(孤儿).A.whoB.whoseC.whosD.whichLookatthegirl_nameisLucy.A.whoB.thatC.whosD.whose,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedthearmy,onwhich,ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,inwhich,=,=,关系副词,Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.,forwhich,=,1.Istillremembertheday_wespentintheforest.2.Istillremembertheday_IfirstcametoBeijing.3.Illneverforgettheyear_Icametothisschool.4.Thefactory_wewillvisitislarge.5.Thefactory_hisfatherworksislarge.6.Thisisthehouse_welivedlastyear.7.Thisisthehouse_welivedinlastyear.,th