新编大学英语第三册课后答案

新编大学英语第三册课后答案 Unit 1. Personality Part One- Preparation 1. Mr. And Miss So and So 1) Gentle 2) Dedicated 3) Considerate 4) Adventurous 5) Calm 6）Aggressive 7) Critical 8) Energetic 9) Selfish 10) Ambitious 11) Self-confident 12) Easygoing 13) Truthful 14) Outgoing 15) Frank 16) Sensitive 17) Bossy 18）Patient 19) Talkative 20) Persuasive 21) Sympathetic 22) Emotional 2. Personality and Job Salesperson- shrewed, hard-working, boastful, acute, tricky Teacher- patient, tolerant, talkative, unselfish, loving, humorous, bossy Doctor- patient, calm, independent, careful, sympathetic Police officer- brave, alert, independent, strong, calm Aountant- careful, honest, cautious, patient Lawyer- persuasive, expressive, eloquent, serious, knowledgeable, talkative Tourist guide- enthusiastic, talkative, expressive, energetic, considerate, good-tempered Host or hostess of a show- emotional, expressive, optimistic, quick-minded, exaggerated, humorous Reporter- cautious, extroverted, open-minded, adventurous Secretrary- easygoing, tolerant, sensitive, frank, thorough, efficient Spokeperson- intelligent, talkative, diplomatic, cautious, matter-of-fact Part Two Post-reading Reading Comprehension Understanding the Organization of the Text 1) Introduction: (para1) Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people 2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect: (para2-3) People s self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. People with high self-esteem unsually act with confidence. People with low self-esteem are likey to be passive and easily influenced by others. 3) Ways of overing shyness: (para 4-15) i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses. ii) Set reasonable goals. iii) Dont waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame. iv) Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. v) Do not make negative ments about yourself. vi) Aept criticism thoughfully. vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences. viii) Do not associate with people who make you feel inadequate. ix) Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly. x) Practice being in social situations. 4) Conclusion: (para16) The better we understand ourselves, the easier it bees to live up to our full potential. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) F 2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6)T 7)F 8)F 9)T Vocabulary 1. 1) self-couscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you.) 2) self-confidence (belief in ones own ability, power, judgment, etc,; confidence in oneself) 3) self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired) 4) self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to ones own best interests) 5) self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements) 6) self-concept (ones conception or general idea of ones own basic character and nature) 7) self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself) 8) self-assurance/self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily) 2. 1) B 2 ) I 3) L 4) A 5) H 6) D 7) E 8) N 9) J 10) M 11) C 12) F 13) G 14) K 3. 1) profound 2)jealousy 3) numerous 4)overweight 5) overe 6) eventually 7) slim 8) pliments 9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental 12) isolated 13) self-esteem 14) aented 4. 1) reflected 2) concerned/worried 3) profound effect/influence 4) viewed/regarded 5) sensitive 6) respond/ react 7) eliminated 8) overe my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no ment Translation 1) You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising.（spend time on sth/ in doing sth） 2) In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before. (than ever before) 3) When the right opportunity es along, hell take it. 4) Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life. 5) I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father. 6) He finally failed to live up to his parents expectations. 7) In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8) He sueeded in his efforts to overe his fatal weakness. Part Three Further Development 1. Eiching Your Word Power 1) B 2)B 3)A 4) B 5) D 6) C 7)B 8)C 9)A 10)A 11) C 12) B Part Four- Writing and Translation 2. 1) It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure. 2) Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and suessful. 3) When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience. 4) Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties. 5) Dont let negative thoughts hold you back. 6）Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so dont blame yourself too much. Unit 2 Myths and Legends Part One Preparation 4. Matching Pictures 1. Aphrodite 2. Ares 3. Hephaestus 4. Artemis 5. Demeter 6. Dionysus 7. Poseidon 8. Athena 9. Apollo 10. hermes 11. Hera 12. Zeus Part Two Post-reading 1. Testing Your Memory 1) Because they were invited to a feast in the sky. 2) He saw the birds were busy preparing. 3) He planned to go to the feast/ sky with the birds. 4) They didnt agree because Tortoise was mischievous/ cunning and ungrateful. 5) With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man. 6) He made two wings with all the features he got from each bird. 7) All of You. 8) Nuts, meat and fish soup, punded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc. 9) For whom have you prepared this feast? 10) Because he knew the answer would be “For all of you”, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first. 11) They were very angry. 12) They took back the feathers they had lent him. 13) He asked him to take a message to his wife. 14) Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge. 15) He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead. 16) His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces. Vocabulary 1. 1) A. invitation B. invited C. inviting 2) A. prepare B. prepared C. preparation D. preparatory / preparation 3) A. discoveries B. discoverers C. discovered 4) A. approval B. approve C. approved D. approvign E. disapprove 5) A. eloquent B. eloquence C. eloquently 6) A. faithful B. unfaithful/ faithless C. faith D. faithfully 7) A. oasional B. oasionally C. oasion 8) A. delivery B. delivering C. delivered 9) A. troubesome B. troulbed C. troubled D. troubling 10) A. assurance B. assured C. assure 2. 1) got/ran into trouble 2) no trouble 3) asking for trouble 4) havetrouble 5) trouble with 6) in serious/ deep/ big trouble 7) get/getting into trouble 8) took the trouble 3. 1) with a pattern of roses. 2) prepared a wonderful / good meal for us 3) promised faithfully 4) deliver this letter 5) a selection of milk and plain chocolate 6) keep out of mischief / behave themselves 7） the sound of distant thunder 8) received approval from the government 9) in spite of the fact that he drank too much 10）agree whether the drug is safe or not Part Three Further Development 1. Eiching Your Word Power 1) C 2) C 3) A 4) B 5)A 6) B 7) A 8) B 9) B 10) A 11) B 12) A Part Four Writing and Translation 2. Translation Practice 万物之初，天体还是一体，充满混沌。宇宙如同一个大黑蛋，盘古就在黑蛋里。一万八千年以后，盘古长睡醒来，他感到窒息，于是他拿起一把大斧头，用尽全身力量砸开黑蛋。轻的、透明的部分冉冉上升，变成了天；而冷的、混沌的物体依然在下面，变成了大地。盘古站在中间，顶天立地。天地开始以每天一丈的速度分开，盘古的身子也随着长高。一万八千年后，天更高，地更厚，盘古像一根九百万里高的柱子伫立其间，天地永远也无法再合在一起。 （附注： 天地渾沌如雞子，盤古生其中。万八千歲，天地開辟，陽清為天，陰濁為地。 盤古在其中，一日九變，神於天，圣於地。天日丈，地日厚一 丈， 盤古日長一丈。如此万八千歲，天數极高，地數极深，盤古极長。後乃有三皇(1)。數起於一，立於三，戒於五，盛於七，處於九，故天去地九万里。 藝 文 類 聚 卷 一 引 三 五 歷 紀 (1) 三 皇： 天 皇、 地 皇、 人 皇。） 3. Racking Your Brains Step One Time & Place: after, before, during, later on, meanwhile, next, first, second, earlier, immediately, soon, still, when , while as, where, then Comparison & Contrast: asas, similarly, likewise, but, not soas, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, rather than Addition: and, in addition to, furthermore, moreover, too, also Cause & Effect: because (of), due to (the fact that), as a result, therefore, aordingly, so, conseqently, thus, hence, since, as, owing to Purpose: so that, in order to / that , so as to Condition & Concession: if , despite, although, though, even though, in spite of, however, nevertheless, noheless, yet, all the same Summary & Restatement: in short, in a word, in brief, in conclusion, on the whole, generally, altogether, in all, in the final analysis, in other words, finally Others: not onlybut also, (n)either(n)or, sothat, suchthat, soas to, otherwise, or Unit 3 Social Problems Part OnePreparation Part Two Post-reading Reading Comprehension 1. 1) -5) financial career later guilty hurt 6) -10) resentful productive independence responsibility trusted 11)-15) frightening resentment abandoned factors quality 2. T F T F T F F F F F Vocabulary 1. C H G A E K I D L B J F 2. 1)-5) constantly impact burden Candidly fulfillment 6)-10) salaried resentment assistance perfect suppress 3. 1)-5） suessfully resentment security necessity advisable 6)-10) aess/aessibility athletic maturity emotional effectively Translation s Part Three - Further Development 1. Eiching Your Word Power Step one: 1)-7) A B A C A A C 8)-14) B C A A C B C Step two: Step three: 1)-5) creates individuals makes binaiton however 6)-10) fall responsible which difference that 11)-15) tempted used lowest died reducing 16)-20) quick reason principle minor message 2. Putting the Paragraphs in Order Step one: E B F C A G D Part FourTranslation and Writing 2. 1) 孩子最好远离毒品 一个电话报警者打来三个电话，毒品交易。他还对交易场所中小孩子的健康表示了忧虑。有两人被发现因吸入过量毒品而深度中毒，现场还发现大量被使用过的注射器。屋内情况非 Unit 1 Personality (P14) Post Reading 3 Reading Comprehension 1. Understanding the Organization of the Text 1) Introduction (Para. 1): Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. 2) Reasons why shyness can have a negative effect (Para. 2-3) Peoples self-concept has a profound effect on all areas of their lives. People with high self-esteem usually act with confidence. People with low self-esteem are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. 3) Ways of overing shyness (Para. 4-15) i) Recognize your personal strengths and weaknesses. ii) Set reasonable goals. iii)Dont waste time and energy on destructive feelings such as guilt and shame. iv)Dont be afraid to speak up and give your point of view. v) Do not make negative ments about yourself. vi)Aept criticism thoughtfully. vii) Profit from failures and disappointments by viewing them as learning experiences. viii) Do no associate with people who make you feel inadequate. ix)Set aside time to relax, enjoy hobbies, and reevaluate your goals regularly. x) Practice being in social situations. 4) Conclusion (Para. 16) The better we understand ourselves, the easier it bees to live up to our full potential. 2. Understanding Specific Information 1) F2) T 3) T 4) T 5) F 6) T 7) F 8) F 9) T 3. （略） Vocabulary Practice 1Self- is a prefix which means ?of, to or by oneself or itself. Words with the prefix self- that appear in the text: self-conscious, self-concept, self-assurance, self-worth, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-destructive, self-awareness, self-aeptance, self-rejection, self-confident. 1. self-conscious (worried and embarrassed about what you look like or what other people think of you) 2. self-confidence (belief in ones own ability, power, judgment, etc.; confidence in oneself) 3. self-esteem (the feeling that you are someone who deserves to be liked, respected, or admired) 4. self-destructive (with thoughts or actions that are counter to ones own best interests) 5. self-worth (the value you give to your life and achievements) 6. self-concept (ones conception or general idea of ones own basic character and nature) 7. Self-awareness (realistic knowledge and judgment about oneself) 8. self-assurance / self-confidence (the belief that you are able to deal with people and problems easily) 2. 1) B 2) I3) L 4) A 5) H 6) D 7) E 8) N 9) J 10) M11) C12) F 13) G14) K 3. 1) profound2) jealousy 3) numerous4) overweight 5) overe 6) eventually 7) slim 8) pliments9) diminish 10) reassurance 11) detrimental12) isolated13) self-esteem14) aented 4. 1) reflected2) concerned / worried 3) profound effect / influence 4) viewed / regarded5) sensitive6) respond / react 7)eliminated8) overe my fear 9) concentrate on 10) made no ment Translation 1. You should spend a reasonable amount of time relaxing and exercising. 2. In general children are healthier and better educated than ever before. 3. When the right opportunity e along, hell take it. 4. Every day he sets aside some time to be with his family and enjoy life. 5. I remember those dark streets and walking hand in hand with my father. 6. He finally failed to live up to his parents expectations. 7. In contrast, our use of oil has increased enormously. 8. He sueeded in his efforts to overe his fatal weakness. Part Four Writing and Translation (P 46) 2. Translation Practice From Chinese into English 1)It is believed that pessimism often leads to hopelessness, sickness and failure. 2)Optimism, by contrast, can make you happy, healthy and suessful. 3)When you fail in something, profit from the failure as a learning experience. 4)Think about your strengths and build up self-confidence in front of problems or difficulties. 5)Dont let negative thoughts hold you back. 6)Everyone has experienced failures and disappointments, so dont blame yourself too much. Unit 2 Myths and Legends (P60) Post Reading 3 Reading Comprehension 1.Testing Your Memory 1)Because they were invited to a feast in the sky. 2)He saw the birds were busy preparing. 3)He planned to go to the feast / sky with the birds. 4)They didnt agree because Tortoise was mischievous / cunning and ungrateful. 5)With a sweet tongue, he convinced the birds that he was a changed man. 6)He made two wings with all the feathers he got from each bird. 7)All of you. 8)Nuts, meat and fish soup, pounded yam, yam soup, palm wine, etc. 9)For whom have you prepared this feast? 10)Because he knew the answer would be For all of you, which was his new name. So he could enjoy all the food first. 11)They were very angry. 12)They took back the feathers they had lent him. 13)He asked them to take a message to his wife. 14)Parrot, because he wanted to take advantage of the chance to get revenge. 15)He asked Parrot to tell his wife to bring out all the soft things in his house and cover the ground with them so that he would be able to land safely. But Parrot told his wife to bring out all the hard and sharp things instead. 16)His shell was broken into hundreds of pieces. 2.Finding the Best Summary Sample: Ekwefi is telling a story about Tortoise. Long long ago, there was a famine, and the birds got an invitation from the sky to attend a feast there. Tortoise learned about it and with his sweet tongue he persuaded the birds to take him with them and so each bird lent him a feather. Tortoise cunningly thought of an idea that enabled him to have all the food by naming himself All of you. When they reached the sky, they received a warm wele, and soon the food was presented to them. Th