直接引语和间接引语导学案

直接引语和间接引语导学案Learning aims: 1. 掌握直接引语和间接引语的结构和功用。 2. 能够熟练进行直接引语和间接引语的转换。1、 直接引语和间接引语的概念： 1. 直接引语：_ 引述别人的原话。直接引语必须放在引号内。2. 间接引语：用自己的话_ 别人的话。间接引语不用引号。二、直接引语和间接引语的转换：1. 直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，要变成that引导的宾语从句。例如：The teacher said,“I am very happy to hear the news.” The teacher said _ _ _very happy to hear the news.2. 直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要变成if或whether引导的宾语从句。例如：He asked,“Are you sure your mother will come?” He asked _ _ _ sure _ mother _ come.3. 直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要变成由相应的疑问词引导的宾语从句。例如：Jenny asked me,“Where is Mary from?”Jenny asked me _ _ _ from。4. 直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，祈使句变成动词不定式结构，作动ask, tell, order, beg,advise等的宾语补足语。即： ask sb to do sth注意： 表示命令时常用：tell，order 表示请求时常用：ask，beg 例如：He said,“Dont do that again.” He _ _ _ _do that again.3 直接引语变间接引语的五点变化：1. 人称的变化：请记住口诀：一主，二宾，三旧（不更新）。例如：Tom said to me,“My brother is using your pen to do his homework.” Tom said to me that _ brother was using _ pen to do _ homework.2. 时态的变化：若主句为过去时态，通常要将直接引语原来的时态向过去推一个。直接引语间接引语直接引语间接引语一般现在时一般过去时一般过去时过去完成时现在进行时过去进行时现在完成时过去完成时一般将来时过去将来时过去完成时过去完成时 注： 若直接引语为客观真理，自然现象，格言或谚语，则变为间接引语时时态不变。 例如：The teacher said, “The earth turns around the sun.” The teacher said that the earth turns around the sun. 有时直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引语时时态可不变。例如： He said, “My son was born in 1995.”He said that his son was born in 1995. 3. 指示代词，时间状语，地点状语，动词的变化：项目直接引语间接引语项目直接引语间接引语指示代词this / thesethat / those时间状语yesterdaythe day before地点状语 heretherelast weekthe week before动词变化musthad toa few days agoa few days beforecomegothe day before yesterday two days beforebringtakethis week(year,month)that week(year, month)时间状语nowthentomorrowthe next daytodaythat daynext yearthe next year注意：以上变化有时应视具体情况而定：1）若在当时转述，now不必改为then。2）若在当天转述，today, yesterday, tomorrow不必改为that day, the day before, the next day。3）若在当周转述，this week, last week 不必改为that week, the last week。4）若在当年转述，this year, last year 不必改为that year, the last year等。5）若在当地转述，则here也可不改为there。6) 若地点和场所未发生改变，come和bring等也可不变。【直接引语和间接引语练案】一、把下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语。 1. “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 2. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother. 3.“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 4. “Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked. 5. The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 6. “Is your son going to Shanghai today or tomorrow?”he asked 7.“Dont look out of the window when you have classes.”our teather told us. 8. “Make good use of your time.” Mr Li advised. 9. . “can you tell me how to get to the nearest restaurant？”the man asked the policeman 10.The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 11. He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 12. She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.二、把下列句子中的间接引语改为直接引语。 etty asked me if I had been at home the day before.etty asked me ，“_ _ at home _ ?” 2. She said that she had been back for a week. She said,“_ _ _ for a week.” 3. Mr Smith said that John had told him all about it three weeks before. Mr Smith said ,“John _ _ all about it three weeks _.” 4. The teacher asked us whether we were ready. The teacher asked us,“_ _ _?” 5. The teacher told her not to be late any more. The teacher_ _ her,“_ _ late any more!” 直接引语变间接引语练习案1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.”2She said: “He will be busy.”3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”4She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?”6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.”7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”10The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”11He said, “We are still students.12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.16Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”19I said to him, “I have finished it.”20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.”21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?” the young man asked.22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.25“What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.二.单项选择二.单项选择1. He asked _ for the computer.A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid2. “Have you seen the film?” he asked me. He asked me _.A. had I seen the film B. have I seen the film C. if I have seen the film D. whether I had seen the film3. “Please close the window,” he said to me. He _ me _ the window. A. said to; to close B. told to; closing C. asked ; to close D. said to; please close4. “I am a teacher,” Jack said. He said _. A. that I am a teacher B. I was a teacher C. that he is a teacher D. he was a teacher5. He said, “Mother, the boy is very naughty.” He _ very naughty. A. said his mother that the boy was B. said to his mother that the boy is C. told his mother that the boy was D. spoke to his mother that the boy was6. “Youve already got well, havent you?” she asked. She asked _. A. if I have already got well, hadnt you B. whether I had already got well C. have I already got well D. had I already got well.7. He asked , “ Are you a Party member or a League member?” He asked me _. A. am I a Party member or a League member B. was I a Party member or a League member C. if I was a Party member or a League member D. whether was I a Party member or a League member.8. He asked, “How are you getting along?” He asked _. A. how am I getting along B. how are you getting along C. how I was getting along D. how was I getting along9. He asked me _ with me. A. what the matter is B. what the mater was C. whats the matter D. what was the matter10. He said, “Dont do that again.” He _ me _ that again. A. said to me; not to do B. said to me; dont do C. told me; dont do D. told me; not to do附答案：1 He told me that he had left his book in his room.2 She said that he would be busy.3 She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.4 She asked me whether that book was mine or his.5 The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.6 The teacher told the students not to waste their time.7 The mother asked Tom to get up early.8 The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.9 My father said practice makes perfect.10 The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.11 He said they are still students.12 He told me that he was born in 1978.13 The engineer said he was at college in 1967.14 He said he had studied English since he was a boy.15 She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus.16 Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job.17 He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately.18 She said he demanded that the girl leave at once.19 I told him I had finished it.20 She told us she would come here tomorrow21 The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.22 The lit