备考2020高考英语高效学习方案 高二册 Unit 16　The United States of America（精品）新人教版

Unit 16The United States of America (2020西城5月抽样)随着首都市民环保意识的增强及政府各项措施的落实，北京的空气质量得以明显提高。请据此并参照图示写一篇简报。其中应包括：空气质量变化情况；变化的原因(如：绿化、减少污染的措施等)和对今后的展望。注意：1文章开头已给出。2词数不少于60。Beijing started the Blue Sky Project in 1998, when the city saw only 100 days of blue skies but 141 heavily polluted days._参考答案Beijing started the Blue Sky Project in 1998, when the city saw only 100 days of blue skies but 141 heavily polluted days. With the efforts of the Beijing government and citizens over these years, the air condition of the city has gradually improved.The number of blue skies climbed to 229 in 2020 while the heavily polluted days were greatly reduced to 17. The progress continued each year with an increase of 57 good days and decrease of 812 bad air days until the end of 2020, though there was an exception in 2020 with 24 days heavily polluted.The changing numbers are due to the fact that people become more and more aware of the enviroment around them. In addition, the government has continued with its measures. Air quality monitoring traffic control and tree planting are just some of the ways to improve the conditions.We believe that the city will see more blue skies and fewer airpolluted days in 2020 and thus ensure a “Green Olympics”. More people will be able to enjoy the blue skies in Beijing.重点单词1_(vt.)供给；供应(n.) 供给(量)；(常用复数)供应品；生活用品2_(adj.) 普遍的；分布广的3_(n.) 首领；上司(adj.) 主要的；最高级别的4_(vi.) 坚持5_(adj.) 徒劳的；徒然的6_(n.) 不公平；非正义7_(n.) 牺牲(vt.) 牺牲；奉献；把做祭品8_(n.) 动乱；骚动；不安9_(n.) 进入许可；进入；词条答案1supply2.widespread3.chief4.insist5vain6.injustice7.sacrifice8.unrest9entry.词汇拓展1willing_(adj.反义词)不情愿的2resist_(adj.)抵抗的，有抵抗力的_(n.)抵抗3reconstruction_(vt.)重建，再建4unemployment_(adj.)失业的_(vt.)雇用5greedy_(n.)贪婪6entry_(vt.)进入，进来答案1unwilling2.resistant; resistance3reconstruct4.unemployed; employ5greed6.enter.重点短语1in _ 转而；反过来；轮流2_ sale 出售；减价3put _ 出版；生产；扑灭；关掉4_ a result 结果5insist _ 坚持(做)6leave _ 不打扰；不理会7leave _ 留下8_ a chance 碰运气；冒险9be _ to do sth. 决心做某事10_ vain 徒劳；白辛苦11a series _ 一系列的12burn _ 烧毁13drive _ 驱逐，赶走答案1turn2.on3.out4.as5.on6.alone7behind8.take9.determined10.in11of12.down13.off.重点句型1While early settlers had killed bison for food, now the killing became more widespread.尽管早期的移民杀北美野牛是为了获取食物，但现在宰杀变得更为广泛了。2Between 1850 and 1910 the bison population is thought to have fallen from 60 million to just a few hundred.人们认为从1850年到1910年北美野牛的数量已经从六千万头降到仅几百头。.重点语法Review Nonfinite Verbs 2(复习非限定动词2).词汇聚焦1entry C，U进入 ，加入；记入(列入)的条目，项目C大门，入口；参加竞赛的人或物思维拓展entry into进入，加入make an entry in在中记录entry form参赛表格judge the entries in the childrens painting为儿童绘画比赛的参赛作品做评判On the _ of Tom, he found at the _ of the hall, many people were _ the _ examination.A. entrance; entry, entering; entryB. entry; entrance; entering for; entranceC. enter; entering; entry; entryD. entry; entry; entering into; entry解析：on the entry of Tomon Toms entry(汤姆一进入)；at the entrance指在“入口处”；enter for意为“报名参加”；the entrance examination意为“入学考试”，指“就业，就职”时，用entrance。答案：B2resist v. 抵抗，反抗；抵挡，保持原状；忍住，顶住n. resistance思维拓展resist invasion抵抗侵略resist temptation抵制诱惑cant/couldnt resist doing sth.禁不住干某事resist disease抵抗疾病resist doing sth.抵制干某事The government are resisting the nurses wage demands.Lack of proper nourishment reduces their power to resist disease.Although a teenager, Fred could resist _ what to do and what not to do.A. tellingB. being toldC. to tell D. to be told解析：resist后跟动名词，不跟不定式。由题意知：“尽管弗瑞德才十几岁，但他也会反抗别人的颐指气使。”此处应该表被动含义。答案：B3former adj. 以前的(早些时间)；(刚提到的两人或两物中)前者，在前的思维拓展ones former wife前妻in former times从前the former.the latter.前者后者指点迷津former和latter均属于无比较级的形容词，former的副词形式为formerly; latter的副词形式为latterly。He made us laugh all the evening; he seemed more like his former self.Of the two possibilities, the former seems more likely.If offered red or white, Id like the latter.Of the two books, I prefer the _.A. late B. laterC. latter D. lately解析：由空格前的the可知，此处应表示名词意义。A项为adj.或adv.；B项为late的比较级，为adv.；C项与the连用可以表示“后者”；lately为adv.。答案：C4leave v.思维拓展leave sth. for sb.把某物暂时托付给某人leave sth. to sb.把某物留给某人leave sb. sth.(接双宾语)leave.open让开着leave alone不理会，不管leave.as it is/as they are任其自然leave sb./sth. doing让不停地做某事We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done.A. left B. leaveC. will leave D. leaving解析：此处所选动词是与前面we have done并列的谓语，即leave.undone的现在完成时形式。答案：A5chance n. 机会，可能性 vi.碰巧思维拓展by chance偶然地get a chance得到一个机会take a chance冒险、趁机a chancechance to do sth.碰巧做某事指点迷津chance与opportunitychance侧重于偶然或侥幸得到的机会。opportunity尤其指符合人们意愿的机缘。如：Have you got a spare stamp by any chance?你碰巧有多余的邮票吗？Its a good opportunity for me to practice speaking English with them.对于我来讲，这是一个和他们练习英语会话的好机会。Unluckily, I never had the _ to hear him play the violin.A. opportunity B. occasionC. possibility D. chances解析：opportunity指“合乎人愿的机会”；occasion指“适宜的时机”；possibility指“可能性”；chance指“偶然的机会”。答案：A6greedy adj. 贪心的，贪婪的；渴望的，一心想要的思维拓展with greedy eyes以贪婪的目光be greedy of gain贪财be greedy of honour贪慕名誉be greedy for power/fame渴望权力/名声be greedy to do sth.急于干某事be greedy for/after/of渴望干be eager to do sth.热心干，急切干be eager for/after/about渴望；渴求Dont be so greedyleave some of the food for the rest of us.The hungry boy looked at the cakes with greedy eyes.They were eager to know how wise or foolish their friends and neighbours might be.短语突破1avoid doing思维拓展avoid sth.避免某事avoid doing sth.避免做某事n. avoidance指点迷津英语中，非谓语动词作宾语时，通常用动名词作宾语的词(组)有：avoid, admit, delay, practise, risk, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, mind, stand, miss, imagine, suggest, devote.to, give up, insist on, look forward to, get down to, put off, stick to, be used to, be worth, feel like等。用动名词作宾语，和用不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：allow, advise, forbid, permit, consider, suppose等。To avoid the city centre, turn right here.Nuclear is to be avoided at all costs.He tried to avoid answering my questions.I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you to delay makingB. your delaying makingC. your delaying to makeD. you delay to make解析：mind与delay后均不能跟不定式作宾语，故可排除A、C、D。答案：B2o pieces思维拓展o pieces把撕成碎片tear oneself away依依不舍地离开tear down推倒(尤指建筑物)；拆毁tear up撕毁，撕碎tear off扯掉She tore his letter into little pieces.Several trees were torn up in last nights storm.Our roof was torn off by the hurricane.He had to tear himself away from the party to prepare for the coming party.The magician _ a 5 note and then made it whole again.A. tore down B. tore offC. tore into D. tore up解析：本句含义为“魔术师把一张五英镑钞票撕碎，然后又使钞票恢复原样。”A为“推倒，拆毁”；B为“扯掉”；C为“痛打”；D为“撕碎，撕毁”。答案：D3attend the sick照料病人思维拓展attend the meeting参加会议attend the class上课，听课attend on/upon照料，看护attend to注意，专心指点迷津attend, join, join in与take part inattend指参加会议、上课、上学、听报告等；join指加入某组织、团体，成为其中的一员；join in指参加某种活动；表示与某人一起做某事则用join sb. in；take part in指参加群众性活动、会议，往往指参加并持积极态度，起一定作用。Please let us know if you are unable to attend the conference.The queen had a good doctor attending on her.Excuse me, but I have an urgent matter to attend to.Would you like to _ us in celebrating Johns return from Africa tonight?Id like to, but I have to _ a meeting.A. join; attendB. attend; joinC. take part in; attendD. join; join in解析：join us in celebrating Johns return“和我们一起庆贺约翰的归来”；attend a meeting“参加会议”。答案：A4put out使熄灭；发行，出版；使恼怒，使心烦意乱思维拓展put on穿上，戴上；演出；增加，提高put ones mind to把心思用在上put aside储存；备用；把撇开不理put away把收起来put back拖延，延误；把(钟表)拨慢put down镇压，控制；写下，记下；使着陆put forward提出，建议put off推迟，使延期put up盖起，搭起；张贴；增加The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _ completely.A. put away B. put outC. turned down D. turned over解析：A“收拾，整理”；B“扑灭”；C“拒绝，关小”；D“翻转”。野营的火只能用扑灭。答案：B5shoot.to death击毙某人思维拓展beat sb. to death打死某人sentence sb. to death判处某人死刑put sb. to death处死某人shoot sb. to death击毙某人frighten sb. to death吓死某人work to death累死starve to death饿死fight to death战斗到底be burned to death烧死be frozen to death冻死be tired to death极度疲劳be sick to death病危Hundreds of animals were burned _ in the forest fire, only a few escaping death.A. at death B. in deathC. by death D. to death解析：由题干中only a few escaping death可知“许多动物在森林大火中被烧死”。此处应为burn sb./sth. to death。答案：D6in honour of为纪念；出于对的敬意思维拓展in honour of sb./sth.in sb.s/sth.s honour出于对某人/物的尊敬with honour for为争光show honour to sb.向某人表示敬意have honour 很荣幸地做某事on ones honour用名誉担保pay/give honour to向致敬honour sb./sth. with向某人/物致敬；给某人荣誉指点迷津honour除了作为抽象名词使用，表示“荣誉，敬意，崇敬，气节，名誉”等外，还可以用作单数，此时可以与不定冠词连用。如：Hes an honour to the school.他是学校的光荣。On their arrival, they found the people suffering the quake were _ food and water supplies.A. in praise of B. in honour ofC. in face of D. in want of解析：考查介词短语。题意为：受地震灾害的人们缺乏食品和饮水供应。in want of“缺乏”；in praise of“表扬”；in honour of“纪念”；in face of“面临”。答案：D.句型归纳1While early settlers had killed bison for food, now the killing became more widespread.尽管早期的移民杀北美野牛是为了获取食物，而现在宰杀变得更为广泛了。while在该句中作连词使