2020届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 11 The Media讲练精品学案 北师大版必修4

Module 4Unit 11The Media1demand vt.需要，需求n要求，需要【精讲拓展】demand sth.要求某事demand to do要求做demand of sb.to do要求某人做demand sth.of/from sb.向某人要某物demand that从句的动词用(should)动词原形in demand有需要的，吃香的on demand一经要求【典型例句】I demand his answer.I demand an answer from him.我要求他回答。 朗文当代Firewood is in great demand during winter months.冬季月份对木柴的需求量很大。 美国传统She demanded that they leave immediately.她命令他们马上离开。 美国传统I demand to know whats going on！我要求了解正在发生什么事情。 朗文当代即学即用The machine demands_.Arepair Brepairing Cto repair Drepaired解析：句意为：这机器需要修理。demand后接动词，而该动词与主语存在被动关系时，该动词必须用doing或to be done形式。答案：B2pretend vt.假装，装扮【精讲拓展】pretend sth.假装某事 pretend to be形容词 假装是pretend that从句假装 pretend to be doing假装正在做pretend to have done假装已经 pretend to do假装做【典型例句】We mustnt pretend to know what we dont know.我们一定不要不懂装懂。 朗文当代He pretended a headache.他假装头痛。 朗文当代He pretended to be sleeping when his mother called him.当他的母亲叫他时，他假装在睡觉。 朗文当代The woman pretended to be an expert.该女士佯称自己是专家。美国传统即学即用He pretended not_about it.Ahearing Bto have heard Chear Dheard解析：句意为：他假装还不知道此事。pretend后接不定式作宾语。答案：B3prepare vi.&vt.准备；配制，调制，制订；布置【精讲拓展】prepare to do准备做prepare for.为作准备prepare.for.使某人为作准备be prepared to do准备做(表状态)be prepared for为做好准备(表状态)make preparations for为作准备【典型例句】The students are preparing for the exam.学生们正在为考试做准备。 朗文当代They were prepared for the worst.他们已准备好应付最坏的情况。 朗文当代The teacher prepared the students for the exams.老师让学生们为考试做准备。 朗文当代Im not prepared to give in.我不想认输。 美国传统翻译句子我们要作好准备，迎接各种挑战。_We must be prepared for all kinds of challenges.4approach vi.&vt.走近，靠近，(在质量，性质等方面)近似 n接近；方式，方法；道路【精讲拓展】approach sb./sth.接近某人/某物approach sb.on /upon sth.为某事与某人打交道make approaches to sb.想与某人打交道approach to sth.的方法【典型例句】As spring approached，we grew happier.随着春天的到来，我们越来越开心。 美国传统The scientists are making a scientific approach to the subject.科学家们正在对这个问题进行科学探讨。 朗文当代The pilot had to be cautious in his approach to the airport.飞行员在靠近机场时必须小心。 美国传统Walk softly as you approach the babys crib.当你走近婴儿的小床时，步子轻一点。 朗文当代即学即用翻译句子那个学生不善于和老师打交道。(make approaches to)_That student is not very good at making approaches to teachers.5conclude vi.vt.结束，推断，断定【精讲拓展】conclude that./sth.断定conclude sth.结束to conclude最后(常用作插入语或状语)in conclusion最后，总之(作结束语时用)come to/arrive at/reach/draw/make a conclusion得出结论【典型例句】In conclusion，Id like to thank you for your coming to the meeting.最后，我对各位出席这次会议表示感谢。 朗文当代The jury concluded from the evidence that the defendant was innocent.陪审团依据证据作出裁决：被告无罪。 剑桥高阶Did you come to/reach/draw any conclusions at the meeting this morning?今天上午的会议上你们有没有作出什么决定？ 剑桥高阶即学即用We cant _whether a child is clever or stupid from his(her) points in an examination.Aconduct Bnotice Cunderstand Dconclude解析：句意为：我们不能从一个孩子的一次考试分数中推断他(她)是聪明还是迟钝。conclude.from表“从中推断出”。conduct表“指挥，做”；notice表“注意”。答案：D6stand vt.&vi.站立；位于；处于特定状态；经受【精讲拓展】cant stand sth./doing sth.无法忍受stand for代表；象征；支持，拥护stand against抵抗，反抗stand aside袖手旁观；让开stand out显眼，出色stand by袖手旁观；站在一边，帮助，支持【典型例句】He cant stand hot weather.他忍受不了炎热的天气。朗文当代How can you stand aside and see the child badly treated?看着孩子受虐待你怎么能无动于衷呢？ 朗文当代We cant stand by while millions of people starve.数百万人在忍饥挨饿，我们不能袖手旁观。 剑桥高阶Which songs from the last year will stand the test of time?去年有哪些歌将经受住时间的考验呢？ 剑桥高阶即学即用In the list two names_particularly.Astand out Bstand by Cstand for Dstand up解析：句意为：在名单中两个人的名字特别显眼。stand by表示“袖手旁观”；stand for表“代表”；stand up表示“站起来”。答案：A7.respect n尊敬，敬重；方面vt.尊敬，敬重【精讲拓展】respect sb.for sth.因某事而尊敬某人respect sb.as.尊敬某人为show respect for sb.尊敬某人have respect for sb.尊敬某人win/earn the respect of /from sb.赢得某人的尊敬in every respect在各个方面with respect to关于，至于，就而言【典型例句】I have great/the greatest respect for his ideas，although I dont agree with them.我非常尊重他的想法，不过我并不赞同这些想法。 剑桥高阶In what respect do you think China is the greatest?你认为在哪一方面中国是最伟大的？ 朗文当代If you dont respect yourself，how can you expect others to respect you?自己不自重，又怎能受到别人尊重呢？ 朗文当代New teachers have to earn/gain the respect of their students.新教师必须要赢得学生的尊重。 剑桥高阶即学即用Please send them my_when you write.Arespect Ba respect Crespects Drespecting解析：句意为：写信时请代我向他们致意。respect用复数形式表“敬意，问候”。答案：C8blame vt.责备，指责，把归咎于n埋怨，责备，责怪【精讲拓展】blame sb./sth.for sth.因某事而责备某人某事blame sth.on sb.把某事怪到某人头上be to blame(for)应受指责bear/take the blame (for)承担责任lay/put the blame on sb.把事情归咎于某人【典型例句】You cant really blame Helen for not wanting to get involved.你的确不能因为海伦不愿意介入而责备她。 剑桥高阶Dont go trying to blame it on me.别想赖我。 朗文当代You should take the blame for what you have done.你必须为自己所做的一切承担责任。 朗文当代The hot weather is partly to blame for the water shortage.炎热的天气是缺水的原因之一。 剑桥高阶即学即用He is_ for it.Ablame Bto blame Cto be blame Dblaming解析：句意为：这事应责怪他。to blame表“应受责备”。答案：B9attempt n企图，努力，尝试 vt.&vi.努力，尝试【精讲拓展】attempt sth.尝试某事attempt doing/to do尝试做某事make an attempt at doing/to do sth.试图/努力干某事in an/ones attempt to do sth.力图，试图做【典型例句】I did not attempt the last question in the exam.我没有试图去做最后一道试题。 朗文当代He attempted to escape from the prison but failed.他试着从监狱逃走，但没成功。 朗文当代He made one last attempt at the world record.他为破世界记录作了最后一次努力。 朗文当代They closed the road in an attempt(to try to) to reduce traffic in the city.他们封闭了道路，试图减少城里的交通流量。 剑桥高阶即学即用翻译句子他们解决问题的第一次尝试没有成功。_Their first attempt at a solution to the problem was unsuccessful.put forward 提出；向前【精讲拓展】put down写下，放下 put in插嘴，进港 put on穿，上演put out生产；扑灭 put off 推迟 put away放好put on weight发福 put up with忍耐 put through拨通；完成put sth. about散布，传播【典型例句】Put those tools away after you finish the work.干完活后请把工具放好。 朗文当代Office workers tried to put out the fire.办公人员试图将火扑灭。朗文当代I put my bags down while we spoke.我们说话时我放下了我的包。剑桥高阶I dont put much faith in his promises.我不很相信他的诺言。朗文当代即学即用翻译句子他提出一项计划让我们审议。_He put forward a plan for us to consider.谣言传开了。_你能替我把电话接到经理那里去吗？_The rumours were put about.Could you put me through to the manager?重点句型with的复合结构(作状语，定语)【精讲拓展】【典型例句】He likes to sleep with the window open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。With her son away from home，she was worried.由于儿子在外，她很担心。She came in with a baby in her arms.她怀抱婴儿进来了。With a local guide leading the way，we got there easily.由于有当地向导领路，我们很容易到达了那里。With the problem solved，we went on smoothly.由于问题得以解决，我们进展顺利。With so many things to do，we cant go out for play.有许多事要做，我们不能出去玩。即学即用翻译句子一切都已准备好，会议可以马上开始。_灯灭了，我们无法看清黑板。_自行车被偷了她不得不走回家。_我们看见一条两边拥有红花绿草的小溪。_With everything ready，the meeting may begin at once.We could hardly see the blackboard with the lights out.She had to walk home with her bike stolen.We saw a brook with red flowers and green grass on both sides.1Who wants a ride on my bike?_！AMy BMine CMe DI解析：在口语中简短回答时用宾格。答案：C2Well offer the advanced equipment to_requires it.Awhoever Bwhomever Cwhichever Dno matter who解析：句意为：我们会把先进设备提供给所需要的人。这是由whoever引导的宾语从句，在名词性从句中whoeveranyone who。答案：A3Every minute should be made full_of_our lessons.Ause；study Buseful；to studyCuse；to study Dused；studying解析：句意为：我们应该充分利用每一分钟来学习功课。是短语make use of sth.中的sth.提前构成了被动语态。答案：C4Mrs.White found her husband surrounded by letters and papers and _very worried.Alooked Blooks CLooking Dto look解析：句意为：怀特夫人发现她丈夫周围都是信和文件，显得很焦虑。looking为现在分词作her husband的宾语补足语，并成主动关系。答案：C5Its the sort of work that_a high level of concentration.Acalls for Bmakes up Clies in Dstands for解析：句意为：这种工作需要注意力高度集中。It is.that为强调句型。call for表“要求”；make up表“构成，编造，化妆”；lie in表“在于”，stand for表“代表”。答案：A6In_，the northerners are keen on dumplings while the southerners are fond of rice.Acommon Btotal Cgeneral Dparticular解析：句意为：一般说来，北方人喜欢吃饺子而南方人喜欢吃大米。in common表“共同地”；in total表“总计”；in particular表“特别地”。答案：C7The heavy rain prevented the farmers_their crops.Aharvest Bfrom harvest Charvesting Dto harvest解析：句意为：大雨使农民们无法收割庄稼。prevent.(from)doing表“阻止某人干”。答案：C8When I give up work，I shall go on a long sea_.Atravel Btrip CJourney Dvoyage解析：句意为：当我不工作了，我会进行一次漫长的海上旅行。海上旅行只能用voyage。答案：D9Teaching as a career_many people because of the long holidays.Aattracts Bcalls Cappeals Dpulls解析：句意为：由于有长假，教师这一职业吸引了许多人。C是不及物动词必须接介词to。答案：A10Some people like drinking coffee，for it has_effects.Apromoting Bstimulating Cenhancing Dencouraging解析：句意为：有人喜欢喝咖啡，因为它有刺激性作用。promoting表“提升的”；enhancing表“加强的”；encouraging表“鼓励的”。答案：B情态动词情态动词表达说话人对谈到的情况所持的态度。无人称和数的变化，主要用法有：一、can/could1can表能力或客观可能性，还可表请求，允许。Can you carry the heavy box？你能搬动这重箱子吗？Man cannot live without water.没有水人类就无法生存。(1)could可表请求，语气委婉，只用于疑问句，回答时用can。(2)could与was/were able to在表示过去的习惯性动作或状态的“能够”时可互用，但表过去在某一具体时间内成功地做了某一具体事情时用was/were able to。He could/was able to write poems when he was ten.他十岁时就能写诗了。He was able to pass the exam because he worked hard.由于努力他终于通过了那次考试。2can用于疑问句、否定句、惊叹句中，表示对现在事情的推测，表惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度。He cannot be at home.他现在不可能在家。Where can he be？他会在哪呢？3can/could have done用于疑问句、否定句表对过去的推测(could的语气更委婉或更加不肯定)。He cannot have finished the work so soon.他不可能这么快就完成了工作。4与can相关的几个短语(1)cannot.too/enough越越好，无论怎样也不过分(2)cannot (help/choose)but do不得不You cannot be too careful.你要特别小心。We cannot help but put off the conference.我们只得推迟会议。二、may/might1表“允许”或征询对方意见或许可。You may go now.你现在可以走了。May I watch TV after supper？晚饭后我可以看电视吗？2用于肯定句、否定句，表对现在的推测。He may be very busy now.或许他现在很忙。3may/might have done用于肯定句，否定句，表对过去的推测。She might have arrived last night，but I didnt see her.她可能昨夜到了，但我没见着她。三、shall1在陈述句中用于第二、三人称，表说话人的意愿，有“命令、警告、威胁、强制、允诺”之意。She shall be punished.她会受到惩罚的。2在疑问句中，shall用来征询对方意见或请求指示，只用于一、三人称。What shall we do this evening？今晚我们干什么？四、should1表劝告，建议或命令You should brush your teeth before going to bed.睡觉前你应该刷牙。2表含蓄的推测It is eight oclock now.He should be at home.现在八点了，他应该在家。3(用于表惊异，遗憾，不以为然等情绪的从句中)竟，会。It is strange that he should do such a thing.他竟然做出这种事情，这真令人奇怪。五、will1will 表“意志”“意愿”“决心”，用于各种人称。I wont do it any more，I promise you.我答应你我再也不这么做了。2在疑问句中，will用于第二人称，表征询对方意见或请求指示。Will you lend me your knife？你能把刀借我一用吗？3will表习惯性动作或倾向。He will sit there for hours looking at the traffic go by.他会经常几个小时坐在那里观看过往的车辆。六、must1表说话人的主观认识“必须”“应该”Must we hand in our exercisebooks today？今天我们得交作业吗？2(表与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦)偏要Why must you be so stubbon？为何你偏要这么固执？3在肯定句中表推测He mush be a teacher.他一定是个老师。4must have done在肯定句中表对过去的推测It must have rained last night.昨晚一定是下雨了。1Since the road is wet this morning，it_last night.Amust rain Bmust be rainingCmust have rained Dshould have rained解析：句意为：路是湿的，昨夜一定下雨了。must have done 在肯定句中表对过去的推测。答案：C2“_he be watching TV now？”“Yes，he_be watching TV now.”“No，he_be watching TV now.”AMust；can；mustnt BCan；must；cantCCan；can；mustnt DMay；must；neednt解析：句意为：“他现在会在看电视吗？”“是的，他一定在看。”“不，他现在不可能在看。”can用于疑问句、否定句表推测，must用于肯定句表推测。答案：B3He must be writing，_he?Amustnt Bcant Cmustnt Disnt解析：陈述句带有“推测”的must时，反意疑问句的助动词要与其后的动词保持一致。答案：D4“Will you give me a hand？”“Yes，I_.”Ashall Bcan Cwill Ddo解析：句意为：“你能帮我一个忙吗？”“可以，我会的。”will表“意愿”。答案：C5“Must I do that again？”“No，you_.”Adont Bmustnt Cdont have to Dshouldnt解析：句意为：“我得再做一次吗？”“不，你不必”。对must(必须)的回答，肯定用must(必须)；否定用neednt/dont have to(不必)。答案：C6He _any help in doing the work，_he?Aneednt ；need Bdoesnt need；needCdoesnt need；does Dneed；neednt解析：句意为：他做这事不需要帮助，是吗？need既可作情态动词也可作行为动词，由于该句有any help作宾语，所以第一空必须是行为动词。故填C。答案：C7Hurry up，Mr.Wang_for you at the school gate now.Amay be waiting Bmaybe waitingCmay wait Dperhaps waiting解析：句意为：快点，王老师现在可能在校门口等你。may be doing用于肯定句、否定式表示对现在发生的事情的推测。maybe/perhaps均是副词。答案：A8“Could I use your recorder？”“Yes，you_.”Acould Bmight Ccan Dmust解析：句意为：“我可以借用你的收录机吗？”“当然可以”。could在疑问句中表客气的请求允许，回答时用can。答案：C9May I smoke here?If you_，choose a seat in the smoking section.Ashould Bcould Cmay Dmust解析：句意为：“我可以在这抽烟吗？”“要是你非要抽的话，请在吸烟处抽”。must可表“偏要，一定要。”答案：D10Peter_come with us tonight，but he isnt very sure yet.AMight Bwill Ccan Dshould解析：句意为：Peter今晚可能跟我们一起来，但他还不定。might用于肯定句、否定句的“推测”，can只可用于疑问句、否定句表“推测”。答案：A1You look pale.You_ill.Amust fall Bmust have fallen Ccan be Dcan have been解析：must用于肯定句表推测， can用于疑问句、否定句表推测。fall ill表动作，而这动作是在过去发生的。答案：B2I saw him leave the room an hour ago.He _at this time.Amustnt be working Bcant be workingCcant work Dmay not being working解析：句意为：我看见他一个小时之间就离开了房间，他现在不可能在工作。cant be doing 在否定句中表对现在动作的推测。答案：B3You just think of yourself！You kept me waiting for 2 hours.Im sorry that you_think so.Awould Bshould Ccould Dcan解析：句意为：“你只想着你自己，让我等了两个小时”。“真遗憾你竟然这么想。”should表示一种惊异，遗憾，意为“竟然，会”。答案：B4Since she is angry ，we_.Ahad better to leave her alone Bshould leave her aloneCmight as well leave her alone Dmust leave her alone解析：句意为：既然她生气了，我们不妨让她一个人呆会。might as well dohad better do“最好，不妨”。答案：C5As a soldier，you_do as the head tells you.Awill BShall Cmay Dought解析：句意为：作为一名战士，你就必须按照上司的命令去做。shall在陈述句中用于二、三人称表“命令，强制”。答案：B【例1】 You may use the room as you like_you clean it up afterwards.Aso far as Bso lon