浙江省湖州市2020学年高二英语下学期期末考试试题（含解析）

2020学年第二学期期末调研测试卷高二英语本试卷分第卷（选择题）和第卷（非选择题）。第卷1至8页，第卷9至10页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。第卷注意事项：1.答第卷时，考生务必用2B铅笔按“正确涂写”要求涂写答题卡。2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。3.考试结束，考生将答题卡交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. How long has the womans tooth been aching?A. For a day. B. For a week. C. For a year.2 Where does the conversation probably take place?A In a store. B. In a house. C. In a hotel.3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Whether to keep doing a part-time job.B. Where to go on weekends.C. When to go to school.4. How did the man go to work?A. By car. B. On foot. C. By subway.5. What is the woman trying to say?A. Her son tried his best.B. The math exam is too hard.C. She is disappointed in her son.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How long will the exam last?A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours.7. What exam are the students probably taking?A. English. B. History. C. Math.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. When does the man listen to music online?A. When he does his homework.B. When he tries to find new music.C. When he gets tired of listening to his records.9. What has the man been doing for years now?A. Running a store.B. Collecting records.C. Downloading music online.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Whats the relationship between the speakers?A. Workmates.B. Teacher and student.C. Interviewer and interviewee.11. How long has the woman taught history?A. For ten years. B. For eight years. C. For five years.12. What is the mans attitude toward the woman?A. Proud. B. Unsure. C. Interested.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. When did Julie leave for Mexico?A. In June. B. In July. C. In August.14. What did Julie like best about Mexico?A. The nice and helpful people.B. The cheap and delicious food.C. The exciting and fun culture.15. Which languages does Tom speak?A Spanish and English.B. Spanish and French.C. French and English.16. Why doesnt Tom leave his country?A. He doesnt have a passport.B. He doesnt know where to travel.C. He thinks it is expensive to visit other countries.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. What is the average height of Salt Lake City?A. 4327 feet above sea level.B. 200 feet above sea level.C. 110.4 feet above sea level.18. What was Salt Lake City officially called before 1868?A. “Great Salt Lake”.B. “Great Salt Lake City”.C. “Crossroads of the West”.19. What brought economic growth to Salt Lake City in the early 1900s?A. The tourist industry and the construction of railroad.B. The construction of railroad and immigration.C. Immigration and the tourist industry.20. What is Salt Lake City surrounded by?A. Bike paths. B. Rivers. C. Mountains.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIn 1999, 36-year-old Tori Murden McClure became the first woman to row also (单独地) across the Atlantic Ocean, from the Canary Islands to the Caribbean. The journey of just over 5,300 kilometers took the American 81 days. Her boat, The American Pearl, was only 7 meters long.McClure is a real adventurer. She has been on many mountaineering expeditions, including climbs in Alaska, Kenya and Antarctica. She was also the youngest person in a team that skied 1, 200 kilometers across Antarctica to the South Pole in 1989, and became one of only two women ever to travel to the Pole by land.The journey across the Atlantic was her third attempt. The first time she failed because of illness, and during her second attempt, in 1998, she nearly died. She had rowed nearly 5,000 kilometers when her boat was hit by Hurricane Danielle. McClure was suddenly in the middle of 80 kph wind, and surrounded by waves that were 20 meters high. Her little boat turned over five times. McClure was sure that she was going to die-she took the video recorder that she had brought with her and recorded a farewell message to her family and friends. The hurricane continued into night, and The American Pearl turned over five more times. McClure was determined not to send a signal asking to be rescued-she didnt want other people to risk their lives, too. But after the eleventh turning over of her boat, she finally sent it and a large ship came and found her. However, they couldnt get her boat out of the rough sea-it was found months later near the coast of Portugal.Tori McClure had concussion (脑震荡) and a dislocated shoulder when she got home. Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again. This time she was successful-and although she again met a hurricane on the journey, which stopped her from breaking the record for the fastest transatlantic (横渡大西洋的) rowing crossing, she only overturned once!1. What can we learn about Tori McClures 1998 journey?A. It was her third attempt.B. She finished it successfully.C. It was a near-death experience.D. She got seriously ill during the journey.2. Why did Tori McClure fail to break the transatlantic rowing crossing record?A. She stopped to repair her boat.B. There was a problem with her shoulder.C. Her boat turned over many times.D. She ran into a hurricane during the journey.3. Which of the following words can best describe Tori McClure?A. Friendly and brave.B. Adventurous and strong-willed.C. Humorous and tough.D. Honest and ambitious.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇人物传记。短文叙述了Tori Murden McClure划船横渡大西洋的三次经历，在经历无数磨难之中,在1999年36岁的Tori Murden McClure成为第一个划船横渡大西洋的女人。【1题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“and during her second attempt, in 1998, she nearly died.McClure was sure that she was going to die-she took the video recorder that she had brought with her and recorded a farewell message to her family and friends”可知，在1998年,她的第二次尝试中,她差点死了。McClure确信自己快要死了她拿起随身带来的录像机，录下了给家人和朋友的最后的遗言。所以关于McClure 1998年的旅程，我们可以学到，那是一次濒死的经历。故C选项正确。【2题详解】细节理解题题。由最后段“This time she was successful-and although she again met a hurricane on the journey, which stopped her from breaking the record for the fastest transatlantic rowing crossing”可知，这次她成功了尽管她在行程中再次遭遇飓风，这次飓风使她未能打破最快横渡大西洋的记录。所以为什么McClure没能打破划船横渡大西洋的记录是因为她在行程中遭遇了飓风。故D选项正确。【3题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“McClure is a real adventurer.”以及最后段“Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again.”可知，McClure是一个真正的冒险家。许多人可能在经历了这样的经历后就放弃了，但一年后，McClure又重新踏上修好的船，再次尝试横渡大西洋。所以通过关键词“real adventurer， back in her repaired boat and trying again”可知，McClure敢于冒险且意志坚强。故B选项正确。【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。由第二段“McClure is a real adventurer.”以及最后段“Many people might have given up after an experience such as this, but one year later, McClure was back in her repaired boat and trying again.”可知，McClure是一个真正的冒险家。许多人可能在经历了这样的经历后就放弃了，但一年后，McClure又重新踏上了修好的船，再次尝试横渡大西洋。所以通过关键词“real adventurer， back in her repaired boat and trying again”可知，McClure敢于冒险且意志坚强。故B选项为小题3的正确选项。BJapanese technology giant Toshiba has built a huge “clean” factory farm where it is growing various types of lettuce (莴苣) leaves without sunlight or soil for sale in its new healthcare business.Located in a disused 21,000-square-foot electronics factory in Yokosuka, Toshiba announces to have created a perfect “bacteria-free” environment where it will grow three million bags of lettuce a year.Completely cut off from conditions outside the temperature controlled tank, lettuce inspectors wear full body suits while making notes on the quality and growth of the leaves on their iPads in order to prevent the air around the plants becoming contaminated.Each plant is given man-made lighting to trick it into believing it is exposed to sunlight, while vitamin and nutrients are put directly into its roots, meaning the lettuce does not need soil.Toshibas new high-tech farm may produce the worlds highest quality lettuce. The final product will be free of any form of bacteria or insect life before being placed into sealed (密封的) bags, which should ensure the product has a longer shelf life than other lettuces.The gardening technique aims to have a bacteria amount of no more than 1/1000th-much lower than that found in normal gardening soil.Toshiba aims to harvest three million bags of leaf lettuce, baby leaf greens, cabbages and other kinds of vegetables every year-with each bag likely to cost people 1.The most important thing in organic vegetables, the lettuce requires no pesticides (杀虫剂) but is expected to have a similar shelf to plants that have been heavily treated with chemicals.The lettuce factory is no marketing trick by Toshiba, however. Instead it represents the companys latest attempt to expand its technology-led business.There are already plans for the technology giant to build similar factories around the world over the coming years and it will also be selling the high tech equipment that allows factories to produce similar products of exceptionally high quality.4. What is the purpose of Toshiba in planting the new type of lettuce?A. To do scientific research.B. To increase the production.C. To improve the healthcare.D. To make a profit.5. The underlined word “contaminated” in paragraph 3 can be replaced by _.A. pollutedB. reducedC. controlledD. dried6. We can learn from the text that the lettuce in Toshibas factory farm _.A. needs soil to growB. has to be exposed to sunlightC. can be stored longer than the normalD. gains vitamins and nutrients from man-made lighting7. What is the text mainly about?A. The brief introduction of Toshiba.B. The process of planting lettuce.C. The development of a factory farm.D. The new way of planting lettuce.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了日本科技巨头东芝建立了高科技农场，在农场中种植的生菜以及其它绿叶菜是在没有阳光和没有土壤的环境下生长的，这些有机蔬菜具有无农药，无污染，低菌，储存时间更长等优点。这家科技巨头已经计划在未来几年在世界各地建立类似的工厂，它还将销售高科技设备，使工厂能够生产出高质量的类似产品。【4题详解】推理判断题。由最倒数第二段“The lettuce factory is no marketing trick by Toshiba, however. Instead it represents the companys latest attempt to expand its technology-led business”以及最后段“it will also be selling the high tech equipment”可知，东芝的生菜工厂并不是营销伎俩。相反，它代表着该公司扩大其技术主导业务的最新尝试。还将销售高科技设备。所以东芝公司想通过建立生菜工厂，来销售高科技设备。故判断出东芝种植新型生菜的目的是为了获利。故D选项正确。【5题详解】词义猜测题。由第三段“Completely cut off from conditions outside the temperature controlled tank, lettuce inspectors wear full body suits while making notes on the quality and growth of the leaves on their iPads in order to prevent the air around the plants becoming contaminated.”可知，完全与温度控制箱外的条件隔绝，生菜检查员穿着全身防护服，同时在iPad上记录叶子的质量和生长情况，以防止植物周围的空气受到污染。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出，第3段中带下划线的“contaminated”一词可替换为pollute“污染”。故A选项正确。【6题详解】细节理解题。由第五段“ The final product will be free of any form of bacteria or insect life before being placed into sealed (密封的) bags, which should ensure the product has a longer shelf life than other lettuces.”可知，最终的产品在放入密封的袋子之前，不会残留任何种类的细菌或昆虫，这确保产品的保质期比其他莴苣更长。所以我们可以从短文中得知，东芝工厂的生菜储存的时间比正常生菜的储存时间长。故C选项正确。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，短文介绍了日本科技巨头东芝建立了高科技农场，在农场中种植的生菜以及其它绿叶菜是在没有阳光和没有土壤的环境下生长的，这些有机蔬菜具有无农药，无污染，低菌，储存时间更长等优点。这家科技巨头已经计划在未来几年在世界各地建立类似的工厂，它还将销售高科技设备，使工厂能够生产出高质量的类似产品。所以短文主要是关于种植生菜的新方法。故D选项正确。COne of the most outspoken supporters that I know of women and girls is actually a man. As co-founder of the ONE Campaign, my friend Bono spends a lot of time speaking out against global poverty (贫困). Together, were working to get out a simple, powerful message: poverty is sexist.Women and girls are more likely to be in poverty, less likely to get an education and more likely to suffer bad health. And when they are born into poverty, it is much more difficult for them to lift themselves and their families out of it.Why? One reason is that breaking out of poverty takes time-and that is a resource women around the world are short on. On average, women spend about twice as much time as men in doing the unpaid work that makes life possible for everyone, like cooking, washing, cleaning, shopping and caring. In developing countries, the gap is even much bigger. As a result, women have no time to finish their education, learn new skills, open a business, develop personal relationships or even go to the doctor. They dream of creating a better future for their children, but they can not spare the hours to put those dreams that they have into action.The fact that the potential of so many women and girls is going unrealized is a sad thing-but it is also an opportunity for us. We need to recognize, reduce and redistribute the burden of work that is holding them back. Because if women have time to invest (投资) in themselves and their ideas, they could transform the world.8. According to the author, what makes it more difficult for women to climb out of poverty?A. Sexist prejudice.B. Heavy burden of housework.C. Impossible dreams.D. Bad health.9. What seems to be the authors attitude toward reducing female poverty?A. Casual.B. Doubtful.C. Optimistic.D. Unconcerned.10. Which of the following might be the best title for the text?A. Why poverty is sexist.B. What global poverty is.C. How to reduce female poverty.D. How to break down sexist prejudice.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A【解析】这是一篇议论文。贫穷是性别歧视者，短文阐述了女性为什么更容易陷入贫穷的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“On average, women spend about twice as much time as men in doing the unpaid work that makes life possible for everyone, like cooking, washing, cleaning, shopping and caring.”可知，平均来说，女性花在无薪工作上的时间大约是男性的两倍，就是这样的工作得以让生活正常运转，比如做饭、洗衣、打扫、购物和看孩子。所以根据作者的说法，繁重的家务负担使妇女更难摆脱贫困。故B选项正确。【9题详解】推理判断题。由最后段“Because if women have time to invest (投资) in themselves and their ideas, they could transform the world.”可知，因为如果女性有时间对自己和她们的想法进行投资，她们就能改变世界。所以通过关键词“they could transform the world”可以判断出，作者对减少女性贫困的态度是乐观的。故C选项正确。【10题详解】主旨大意题。由第一段“poverty is sexist”可知，贫穷是性别歧视者。以及下文阐述了女性为什么更容易陷入贫穷的原因。所以短文主要是为围绕着“为什么贫穷是性别歧视者”而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“为什么贫穷是性别歧视者”。故A选项正确。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ways to Fight and Overcome LazinessYou read productivity tips youve used a million to-do list apps, and you promise yourself every month that youre going to start being productive, but it never happens. Heres how to break the cycle when you feel like your problem is just laziness.Simple things first: Its important to get started with the task youre willing to perform in order to fight laziness. _11_ Doing so will help you to break your inner resistance.Step-by-step: _12_ And it will keep us motivated to perform these tasks one after the other in a relaxed manner. Once you have completed one sub-task you can tell yourself that youre on a roll and that you will soon have finished the next sub-tasks as well.Remove distractions: Whatever it is that distracts you (TV, the Internet, etc.), remove it! _13_ Make sure that once you have started with one of your tasks, you will not get distracted from it by any means.Reward yourself: Every time you manage to overcome laziness and successfully complete a task you should reward yourself, as this will give you positive feeling about making efforts to get things done. _14_ Little reward for small efforts and vice versa (反之亦然).Dont give up: Its one thing to find your motivation. _15_ Rather than letting difficulties demotivate you, see them for what they are and refuse to be beaten by them. Youre not alone and staying focused on working through challenges is one of the best ways to fight them.A. Turn off distractions and focus on your goals.B. Just make sure to adapt the reward to the efforts you made.C. A list of weekly goals will help you stay focused and motivated.D. A method that helps you do so is to start with the simple things first.E. Occasional rewards will sweeten the tasks and help keep you on track.F. But its quite something else to keep it going when running into difficult problems.G. Breaking down tasks into smaller tasks helps us to reduce the pressure of deadlines.【答案】11. D 12. G13. A 14. B15. F【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了战胜懒惰的方法。【11题详解】由“Its important to get started with the task youre willing to perform in order to fight laziness. _1_ Doing so will help you to break your inner resistance.”可知，为了战胜懒惰，从你愿意完成的任务开始做起是很重要的。这样做会帮助你冲破内心的阻力。所以小题1要起到承上启下的作用。故D选项“有一种方法可以帮助你做到这一点，那就是先从简单的事情做起”符合句意。故D选项切题。【12题详解】由“And it will keep us motivated to perform these tasks one after the other in a relaxed manner.”可知，它会让我们保持动力，以轻松的方式一个接一个地完成这些任务。所以小题2要承接下一句来共同说明，怎么样一步一步来做，以及这种做法所起到的效果。故G选项“把任务分解成更小的任务可以帮助我们减少截止日期的压力”符合句意。故G选项切题。【13题详解】由“Whatever it is that distracts you (TV, the Internet, etc.), remove it! _3_ Make sure that once you have started with one of your tasks, you will not get distracted from it by any means.”可知，不管是什么让你分心（电视、互联网等），都要去消除它！关掉干扰，专注于你的目标。确保一旦你开始了你的一项任务，你就不会因为它而分心。所以小题3起到承上启下的作用。故A选项“关掉干扰，专注于你的目标”符合句意。故A选项切题。【14题详解】由“Every time you manage to overcome laziness and successfully complete a task you should reward yourself, as this will give you positive feeling about making efforts to get things done”可知，每次你克服懒惰并成功完成一项任务时，你都应该奖励自己，因为这会给你积极的感觉，让你努力把事情做好。所以小题4要强调努力的和奖励的关系，也为了承接下文。故B选项“确保奖励与你所付出的努力相适应”符合句意。故B选项切题。【15题详解】由“Its one thing to find your motivation.”可知，找到动力是一回事。所以小题5要与