长难句分析法.ppt

LongshineHi-ecppTips,长难句分析法,朗声教育教学测评研究中心,高考英语阅读文章常常有不少长句和结构复杂的难句，同学们往往因为分析不好句子而无法理解文章。,字数：342单词体裁：夹叙夹议,2011年广东高考卷阅读理解A篇,例证,26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen_.27.Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause_.28.Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?29.Inthispassage,theauthoradvisesusto_.30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?,事实细节题（时间）,题干,事实细节题（原因）,推理判断题,推理判断题,主旨大意题,关注：划线部分中都出现的连词是哪个？数数划线部分的8个句子中有几个长句，几个短句？,（阅读时间：10分钟）,原文,2011年广东高考卷阅读理解A篇,but,5长3短,Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.,长句分析：,并列成分多,Intotal:24words,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,Iseeiteverydaywhenpeopleholddoorsforme,pourcreamintomycoffee,orhelpmetoputonmycoat.,Iseeotherskindnesswhentheyhelpme.当人们每天为我开门，往我的咖啡里加奶油，帮我披上外衣时，我看到了他们的仁慈。,引导时间状语从句,从句中的并列谓语,指代前文提到的kindness,26.Theauthorhasdiscoveredthatpeoplewillfeelhappywhen_.A.TheyoffertheirhelpB.TheyreceiveothershelpC.TheyfeelotherskindnessD.Theyshowtheirweakness,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,例证,2011广东卷A篇,Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethosewhoappearindependentmissthekindnessIseedaily.,长句分析：,语言结构层次多,Intotal:26words,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,Frommywheelchairexperience,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausethose(whoappearindependent)missthekindness(Iseedaily).,Iseethebestinpeople,butsometimesIfeelsadbecausetheymissthekindness.从我的轮椅生活中，我看到了人们的仁慈，但有时我感到悲哀，因为那些看上去独立的人错过了我每天都能感受到的仁慈。,介词短语作状语,引导原因状语从句,连接两个并列分句，表转折,引导状从中定从，先行词those,状语从句中省略关系代词的定语从句，先行词kindness,27.Theauthorfeelssadsometimesbecause_.A.hehasasoftheartB.hereliesmuchonothersC.somepeoplepretendtobekindD.somepeoplefailtoseethekindnessinothers,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,例证,2011广东卷A篇,Butonlywhenwestoppretendingwerebraveorstrongdoweallowpeopletoshowthekindnessthatsinthem.,长句分析：,语言结构层次多,Intotal:25words,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,Butonlywhenwestoppretending(werebraveorstrong)doweallowpeopletoshowthekindness(thatsinthem).,Ifwestoppretendingwerebraveorstrong,wecanseeothersshowthekindness.只有我们停止假装勇敢和逞强，才能给别人机会表现仁慈。,Only+状从放句首,宾语从句,惯用法：stopdoing“停止干某事”,主句主谓部分倒装,惯用法：allowsb.todosth.“允许某人干某事”,定语从句，先行词kindness,长句分析：,语言结构层次多,Intotal:30words,Moreoften,itwouldbebetterifwedontpretendwefeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwerescared.,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,Moreoften,itwouldbebetterifwedontpretendwefeelstrongwhenwefeelweakorpretendthatwearebravewhenwerescared.,Usually,wedbetternotpretendtobestrongorbravewhenweareweakorscared.通常，要是我们在无助时不要逞强，惊慌时不要假装勇敢就好了。,if引导主语从句,形式主语,连接两个并列主语从句,ifwedontpretendwefeelstrongwhenwefeelweak(ifwe)pretendthatwearebravewhenwerescared,省略部分,主从中的宾从,宾从中的状从,29.Inthispassage,theauthoradvisesusto_.A.handleproblemsbyourselvesB.accepthelpfromothersC.admitourweaknessD.showourbravery,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,例证,2011广东卷A篇,长句分析：,修饰语多,Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.,Intotal:21words,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,Butinsteadofgettingimpatientandangry,theywaited,knowingthedriverinfrontofthemwasinsomewayweak.,Buttheywaitedbecausetheyknewthedriverwasweak.但是他们没有生气也没有失去耐心，而只是等待，因为他们知道前面的司机在某个方面处于弱势。,介词短语作插入语,V-ing分词短语作原因状语，后接一个宾语从句,宾语从句主语,宾语从句系表结构,定语,定语,28.Whatdidtheotherdriversdowhentheysawtheflashlights?A.Theyspeededuptopass.B.Theywaitedwithpatience.C.Theytriedtheirbesttohelp.D.Theyputontheirflashlightstoo.,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,例证,2011广东卷A篇,30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AWheelchairExperienceB.WeaknessandKindnessC.WeaknessandStrengthD.ADrivingExperience,高考英语阅读文章中的长难句通常是解题的关键！,例证,2011广东卷A篇,回顾：所有题干的设题点都来自but转折连词后的信息点所有解题的关键都是读懂but转折连词后的长难句,原文,2011年广东高考卷阅读理解A篇,正反关系,通过对2011年广东高考卷阅读理解A篇部分长难句的分析及其对解题的重要性，思考：,修饰语多,并列成分多,语言结构层次多,怎样分析？,Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheirpetsareworriedthattheywillfight.(20words)2011广东卷B篇,Peopleareworriedthattheywillfight.(dogsandcats),我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(1)找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语,从整体上把握句子的结构。,Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachothersbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwaspreviouslysuspected.(25words)2011广东卷B篇,我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(2)找出句中所有的谓语结构、非谓语动词、介词短语和从句的引导词。,主语谓语,主语宾语,结果状语,引导宾从,宾从谓语,宾从中than引导的比较状从中的谓语,Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.(42words)2011广东卷B篇,我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(3)分析从句和短语的功能。例如,是否为主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句等,若是状语,它是表示时间、原因、结果、还是表示条件等。,Aterriblesilenceruledtheroom,andseeingnootheroptions,Iinstructedthestudentstopullouttheirnotebooksandwriteabriefessayrelatedtothethemeofdeepdisappointment.(32words)2011广东卷C篇,我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(4)分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,例如,定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。,V-ing短语做原因状语,过去分词短语做定语,介词短语做方式状语，修饰动词instructed,Thepositionwasofferedatthelastminute,andIwasgiventwoweekstoprepare,aperiodIspentsearchingforbriefcaseandstandingbeforemyfull-lengthmirror,repeatingthewords,“Hello,class.ImMr.Davis.”(41words)2011广东卷C篇,我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(5)注意插入语等其他成分。,同位语,Itisnowtryinghardtomakefulluseofwindandsolarenergy,andisspendingahugeamountofmoneymakingelectriccarsandhigh-speedtrains.(28words)2011广东卷D篇,我们分析长难句时有必要采用以下方法:,(6)注意