★自然科学学术论文提纲范文自然科学学术论文提纲格式模板

自然科学学术论文提纲范文自然科学学术论文提纲格式模板 摘要 Abbreviations List of Tables List of Figures Chapter 1 Introduction 1-1 Background information 1-2 The rationale of the present study 1-3 Objectives of the present study 1-4 The significance of the study 1-5 Organization of the thesis Chapter 2 Literature Review 2-1 Study of hedging from the perspective of logics 2-2 Study of hedging from the perspective of semantics 2-3 Study of hedging from the perspective of discourse 2-4 Study of hedging from the perspective of pragmatics 2-4-1 Hedging in general language texts 2-4-2 Hedging in scientific/academic writing 2-4-3 Inter-language and parative studies of hedging Chapter 3 Research Design 3-1 The theoretical framework 3-1-1 Prince et als taxonomy 3-1-2 Hylands model 3-1-3 The theoretical framework for the present study 3-2 Data collection 3-3 Methodology Chapter 4 A Comparative Study of Hedging in SS and NS RAs 4-1 Overall distribution of hedges in the two RA corpora 4-2 Categories of hedges in the RA corpus 4-2-1 Lexical hedges 4-2-1-1 Modal verbs 4-2-1-2 Epistemic lexical verbs 4-2-1-3 Epistemic adverbs 4-2-1-4 Epistemic adjectives 4-2-1-5 Epistemic nouns 4-2-2 Non-lexical hedges 4-2-2-1 Phrasal hedges 4-2-2-2 Syntactic hedges 4-3 Distribution of hedging in different RA sections in two corpora 4-4 Summary Chapter 5 Findings and Discussion 5-1 Major findings 5-1-1 Similarities in the applications of hedging devices in the two fields 5-1-2 Field discrepancies in the applications of hedging devices in the two fields 5-2 Pragmatic functions of hedging in RAs 5-2-1 The use of hedges in RAs in social sciences 5-2-2 The use of hedges in RAs in natural sciences Chapter 6 Conclusion 6-1 Implications for the teaching of EAP 6-2 Limitations of the present study 6-3 Conclusion References Appendix Data Resources Acknowledgements 作者简介 摘要 Introduction 1 Literature Review 1-1 Theoretical background 1-2 Previous studies on engagement resources 2 Methodology 2-1 Data Collection 2-2 Tagging 2-3 Data analysis 3 Results and Discussion 3-1 Frequency and proportion of engagement resources in natural science 3-2 Frequency and proportion of engagement resources in research articles of social science 3-3 The parison of engagement resources in RAs of natural science and social science 3-4 Summary Conclusion References Acknowledgments 中文摘要 英文摘要 第一章 绪论 1-1 论文研究背景及意义 1-2 国内外研究现状 1-3 论文的研究思路与内容安排 第二章 系统论视角下的学术评价机制 2-1 学术评价机制的构成要素 2-2 学术评价机制的功能结构 2-3 学术评价机制的信息流 2-4 学术评价机制信息流的控制 2-4-1 评价业务信息流 2-4-2 噪音信息流控制 第三章 人文社会科学学术评价机制 3-1 人文社会科学与自然科学学术评价的共性 3-2 人文社会科学与自然科学学术评价的差别 3-3 完善人文社会科学学术评价机制的内在要求 第四章 人文社会科学同行评议专家审查与选择机制 4-1 建立健全同行评议专家数据库的必要性 4-2 专家数据库设计方案及重点模块讨论 4-2-1 专家数据库设计方案 4-2-2 个人基本信息影响因素分析 4-2-3 专家研究关键词 4-2-4 研究方向匹配度 4-2-5 研究方向覆盖率 4-2-6 专家信誉评分 4-3 完善同行评议专家选择程序 4-3-1 专家入库选择与审查 4-3-2 专家入库选择相关问题与原则 4-3-3 评议专家选择相关问题与原则 4-3-4 评议专家选择程序 第五章 人文社会科学学术成果创新性评价 5-1 人文社会科学创新评价内涵及意义 5-2 人文社会科学学术成果创新层次划分 5-3 人文社会科学学术成果主题创新的产生及评价 5-4 人文社会科学学术成果方向创新的产生及评价 5-5 人文社会科学学术成果内容创新的产生及评价 5-6 人文社会科学学术成果创新性评价方法总结 第六章 结语 6-1 全文总结及创新点 6-2 不足与展望 _ 一、摘要 中文论著摘要 英文论著摘要 二、英文略缩语 三、论文 前言 1、目的与意义 2、研究内容 材料与方法 1、诺贝尔获奖者的代表性论文及其相关论文集合的确定 2、不同研究领域学术论文影响力综合评价指标体系的组成 3、综合评价方法 4、综合评