制冷与空调专业英语课件

制冷空调专业英语,UnitOne,Lesson1AirLesson2TheNeedofAirConditioningLesson3TheCleaningofAirLesson4ThermalStorage,NewWordsn.,vt.压缩,摘要叙述;n.(外科)敷布,manufacturevt.;n.,vt.制造,加工;n.制造,制造业,产品,氢,preparev.,准备,预备,有能力而且愿意,processvt.;n.,n.过程,方法,步骤;vt.加工,处理,inertadj.,无活动的,惰性的,迟钝的,combustionn.,燃烧,respirationn.,呼吸,呼吸作用,poisonousadj.,有毒的,unitev.,联合,团结,magnesiumn.,(化)镁,hydrogenn.,NewWordsv.,n.秤,天平,平衡;v.平衡,称,结算,constantn.;adj,.,n.数、物常数,恒量;adj.持续的,comfortn.;vt.,n.安慰,舒适;vt.安慰,uncomfortableadj.,不舒服的,不安的,不合意的,discomfortn.,不便之处,不适,impurityn.,杂质,混杂物,不洁,不纯,regulatevt.,管制,控制,调节,校准,evaporationn.,蒸发(作用),moistn.;adj.,adj.潮湿的;n.潮湿,Lesson1,Text,Airisamixture,notacompound.Itisessentiallycomposedofnitrogen,oxygen,andargonwithsmallamountsofwatervapor,carbondioxide,anddust.Aircanbeliquefiedandseparatedintoitsconstituentsbylettingthemorevolatilenitrogentoboilofffirst.,空气是一种混合物而非化合物。它由氮、氧和少量的水蒸气、二氧化碳组成。把空气液化后通过加热使较轻的氮挥发，可使空气分离。,Lesson1,Text:,Thereisadefinitetemperaturebelowwhichagasmustbecooledbeforeitcanbeliquefied.1Thisisknownasthecriticaltemperature,anditisdifferentfordifferentgases.Thecriticaltemperaturesofbothoxygenandnitrogenaresolowthatitisimpossibletoliquefythesegasesatordinarytemperatureshowevermuchwecompressthem.2Toliquefyairwemustcoolittoaverylowtemperatureaswellassubjectittoahighpressure.3.,Lesson1,气体必须冷却到一定的温度即临界温度以下才能液化。不同气体有不同的临界温度。氧和氮的临界温度很底，所以无论怎样压缩都不可能使它们在常温下液化。必须在低温及高压下才能使空气液化。,Text:,液化空气是液态氮和液态氧的混合物。可以把较轻的氮从氧中分离出来。用这种方法可以生产工业用氧，并将其装入氧气钢罐。氮气也可以用同样的方法生产。,Lesson1,Liquidairisreallyonlyamixtureofliquidnitrogenandliquidoxygen.Itispossibletoseparatethemorevolatilenitrogenfromtheoxygen.Inthisway,oxygenismanufacturedforindustrialuseandiscompressedintosteeltanks.Nitrogenisalsopreparedbythesameprocess。,Text,Nitrogenisaninertsubstance.Itisacolourless,odourless,tastelessgas;doesnotburn;doesnotsupportcombustionorrespiration;isnotpoisonous.Itdoesnoteasilyunitedirectlywithotherelements.4Athightemperaturesitcombineswithafewmetals,suchasmagnesium,andalsowithoxygenandhydrogen.Oxygenisalsoacolourless,odourlessgas.Itissomewhatheavierthanair.Itisthemostactiveelementintheatmosphere.Itisessentialtolife.Argonispresentinairtotheextentofnearlyonepercentbyvolume.,氮是一种惰性物质。它是一种无色、无味、不能燃烧、无毒的气体。它不易与其他元素化合，在高温下可以与少数金属化合，如镁，也可以和氧、氢化合。氧也是无色、无味气体。它比空气的密度略大。氧是大气中性质活跃的元素。氧是生命所必须的。氩的体积约占空气的1%。,Lesson1,Text,Carbondioxideisintroducedintotheairbycombustionandrespiration.Itisremovedbygreenplants,whichgetalltheircarbonfromthecarbondioxideintheairandproduceoxygen.Thebalanceofplantandanimallifekeepstheamountsofoxygenandcarbondioxideintheairconstant.5,Lesson1,空气中的二氧化碳是由于燃烧和呼吸形成的。绿色植物带走空气中的二氧化碳，吸收其中的碳生产出氧气。植物和动物的呼吸使空气中的氧和二氧化碳维持稳定。,Thechieffactorsintheairwhichaffecthumancomfortsare(1)moisture,(2)temperature,(3)dust,(4)smallamountsofimpuritiesgivenoffbythehumanbody.Thehumanbodyisnormallyataconstanttemperature37C,andthistemperatureisregulatedbytheevaporationofwaterfromthesurfaceofthebody.Thetemperatureandmoistureofthesurroundingatmosphereaffectthisprocessofevaporation.,Lesson1,Text,空气中影响人类生活的主要因素有（1）湿度，（2）温度，（3）灰尘，（4）从人体排出的少量混杂物。人体的常温为37，靠人体表面水分的蒸发来调节。周围大气的温度和湿度会影响人体表面的温度调节。,Iftheairisveryhotandmoist,thisprocessofevaporationisveryslow,andwefeeluncomfortable.Iftheairistoodry;theevaporationfromthebodyistoorapid,wealsofeeluncomfortable.Thusitisveryimportanttohaveaproperregulationoftemperatureandmoisture.,如果空气非常湿热，人体表面水分的蒸发过程就会很慢，我们就会感到不舒适。如果空气很干燥，人体表面的蒸发过程就会很快，我们也会感到不舒适。所以，适当的温度和湿度是很重要的。,Lesson1,Text,Thepresenceofdustintheaircausesagreatdealofdiscomforttohumanbody.Airinthecountryisfarmuchcleanerthanthatinthecities.6Afterarain,theairisalsomuchcleanerthanatordinarytimes.,空气中的杂质和灰尘使人体非常不舒适。乡村里的空气要比城市里的空气好的多。雨后的空气要比平时的好得多。,Lesson1,Text,NotestotheText,Lesson1,NotestotheText,1.Thereisadefinitetemperaturebelowwhichagasmustbecooledbeforeitcanbeliquefied.,Lesson1,在这复合句中，主句是Thereisadefinitetemperature；在这里主语是temperature,belowwhichagasmustbecooled是定语从句，修饰temperature;关系代词which在意义上代替temperature,起着连接两句的作用，又是定语从句中前置词below的宾语。beforeitcanbeliquefied是定语从句的状语从句，修饰mustbecooled。本句翻译为：气体必须冷却到一定的温度以下才能液化。,NotestotheText,2.Thecriticaltemperaturesofbothoxygenandnitrogenaresolowthatitisimpossibletoliquefythesegasesatordinarytemperatureshowevermuchwecompressthem.,Lesson1,在这复合句中，主句是Thecriticaltemperaturesofbothoxygenandnitrogenaresolow；其中主语是temperatures,criticalofbothoxygenandnitrogen修饰temperature。thatitisimpossibletoliquefythesegasesatordinarytemperatures是状语从句修饰so;it是语法上的主语，真正的主语为toliquefy，atordinarytemperatures是修饰toliquefy的状语。howevermuchwecompressthem是让步状语从句，修饰impossibletoliquefy。本句翻译为：氧和氮的临界温度很低，所以无论怎样压缩都不可能使它们在常温下液化。,NotestotheText,这个复合句的主句是wemustcoolittoaverylowtemperature。Toliquefyair是用作目的状语的不定式短语。aswellas是连接词，连接状语从句subjectittoahighpressure。,Lesson1,3.Toliquefyairwemustcoolittoaverylowtemperatureaswellassubjectittoahighpressure.,NotestotheText,4.Itdoesnoteasilyunitedirectlywithotherelements。,Lesson1,句中unite原意为“使合成一体;联合;结接合”,“使混合;使粘合，使结婚”。在句中，解释为“化合”。例如：Unitebricksandstoneswithcement.用水泥将砖和石块粘合在一起。Unitetwofamiliesbymarriage.两家联姻。Workingmenofallcountries,unite!全世界无产者,联合起来!Oilandwaterwillnotunite.油和水不相融。,NotestotheText,植物和动物生活的平衡使空气中氧和二氧化碳的含量维持恒定。在本句中，Thebalance是主语；keeps是谓语；amounts是宾语；ofoxygenandcarbondioxide和intheair都是修饰的定语；constant是宾语补足语。,Lesson1,5.Thebalanceofplantandanimallifekeepstheamountsofoxygenandcarbondioxideintheairconstant.,NotestotheText,Airinthecountryisfarmuchcleaner是主句，thatinthecities为状语从句，说明程度，从句中省略了谓语（isclean）。,Lesson1,6.Airinthecountryisfarmuchcleanerthanthatinthecities.,Exercise,Lesson1,Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothetext.,Lesson1,1.Airconditioningisneededtoremovetheenergyandwate