VocabularyandWordList.ppt

利用构词法猜词意,Lionsareopportunists.Theyprefertoeatwithouthavingtodotoomuchwork.Whenrestingintheshade,theyarealsowatchingtheskytoseewhatisflyingby,andevenintheheatofthedaytheywillsuddenlystartupandrunamileacrosstheplainstofindoutwhatisgoingon.Ifanotheranimalhasmadeakill,theywilldriveitoffandtakethekillforthemselves.Agrownlioncaneasilyeat60poundsofmeatatasinglefeeding.Oftentheyeatuntilitseemspainfulforthemtoliedown.Bydescribinglionsas“opportunists”inthefirstparagraph,theauthormeanstosaythatlions_.A.arecruelanimalsB.arecleveranimalsC.LiketotakeadvantageofotheranimalsD.Liketotakeeverychancetoeat,1.time-travelTVdrama2.grouppurchasing3.daddy-is-the-key,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之合成法,拼爹,穿越剧,团购,把两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词,这种构词的方法叫做合成法,1.直接写在一起。2.用连字符(-)连接。,4.discloseonessecret5.Microblog6.Itsallfloatingcloud.7.envious,jealousandhateful,.,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之派生法,神马都是浮云,微博,吐槽,前缀:一般只改变词义,不改变词类,后缀:一般只改变词类,不引起词义变化,羡慕嫉妒恨,猜猜看最时髦的网络流行语之转化法,8.被雷倒(到)了9.淡定,转化法：不添加任何成分,不改变词形,把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。,inshock/shocksb,keepcalm/calmdown,构词法,构词法：,合成(Compounding),派生法（Derivation）【前缀/后缀】,转化法（Conversion）【词性转换】,合成（compounding）,合成法：,合成名词,合成形容词,blood-test验血，she-wolf母狼mass-批量生产,handwriting,shorthand速记,freezing-point,readingroom,washroom,breakthrough突破，,outbreak,名词/代词+名词,名词+动名词,形容词+名词,动名词+名词,动词+名词,动词+副词,副词+动词,production,爆发,2.合成形容词,noble-minded,three-legged,good-looking,fine-sounding动听的,high-class高级的，large-scale大规模的,duty-free免税的，airsick晕机的,形容词/数词+名词+ed,形容词+现在分词,形容词+名词,名词+形容词,peace-loving,English-speaking,man-made,snow-covered,hard-working,far-reaching深远的,well-known,widespread广泛流传的,four-day四天的,five-year,名词+现在分词,名词+过去分词,副词+现在分词,副词+过去分词,数词+名词,2011.全国卷Thewaypeopledothingshighlightsmanyofthedifferencesweseebetween.根据合成词中的high（高的）和light（灯光）推测，highlight的意思是（强光）。转化为一个动词，与differences搭配，意思为,2009.全国卷Butthetruthisthatyoucanhavelastnightsleftoversinthemorningifyouwantto.根据合成词中的left（剩下的）和over（过量）推测，leftovers的意思是,派生法（Derivation）-词缀法,1.前缀prefixes:,Pre-,pre-reading,preview,precaution,Re-,rewrite,reconsider,reuse,（前）,(重新),dis-（不）,disagree,dislike,disappear,misunderstand,mislead,mis（错误或失当）,miniskirt,minibus,supermarket,superman,super-（超级）,mini-（微小）,in/im-（不）,incorrectimpossible,（分开，离开）distract,dismiss,foretell,forecast,post(之后),postwar,post-reading,fore-(前，预先),semicircle,semi-final,semi-(半，部分),antiwar,antibody(抗体),anti-(阻止，抗),underground,underline,under-（在下，在中）,de-=awayfrom（离开，出）dethrone除去deforest否定，非devaluation,后缀（Suffixes）,后缀是加在词根或单词后面的部分。后缀分为四种：1）名词后缀；2）形容词后缀；3）动词后缀；4）副词后缀,1）名词后缀,名词后缀有许多种，下面略举数种为例：表人，物，抽象名词等-erworker(工人)-istartist(艺术家)-ortractor(拖拉机)-hoodchildhood(童年)-shipfriendship(友谊),2）形容词后缀,表示一种事物具有或属于某种性质或状态，表意义“是的”，“似的”-icatomic(原子的)-ousfamous(著名的)-fulpowerful(强有力的)-yhilly(多山的)proofwater-proof（防水的）,3）动词后缀,表示“使成为”，“致使”，“做”，“化”，“变成”等，如：-fyglorify(使光荣)-izemodernize(现代化)-enlengthen(延长)-atediscriminate(区分),4）副词后缀,表示方式、方向、性质、状态等，如：-wiseclockwise(顺时针方向的)-wayscrossways(交叉地)-wardssouthwards(向南)-lyhappily(幸福地),例一：Ottawahasgivenoutspecialpassestosome300UScitizensinthatareasotheycanenterthecountrywhenCanadiancustomsstationsareclosed,buttheUSstoppedasimilarprogramlastMay.Thatforcesthepeopletoa200-miledetouralonghillyroadstogethomethroughanotherbordercheckpoint.Theunderlinedworddetourintheparagraphmeans.A.adrivethroughthetownB.araceacrossthefieldsC.aroundaboutwayoftravellingD.ajourneyinthemountainarea,答案C。Tour=turn，tour漫游；旅行等；这里前缀de=awayfrom，说明偏离原道，因此转义绕道，改道，绕道而行。,例二：ShopkeepersinModburypopulation1,500,agreedtostophandingoutdisposableplasticbagstocustomersonSaturday.Theysaidpapersacksandclothcarrierbagswouldbeofferedinstead.Theunderlinedworddisposableinthepassageprobablymeans_.acceptableB.valuableC.throw-awayD.long-lasting,答案C。Disposable=dis+pos+able，其中pos=place；put，dis=apart，able表示可能的，这就有了可任意处置、用完即丢的含义。,Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.该词词根fix，含有固定的意思，所以fixture的意思是,转化法（Conversion）,Ithasagoodtaste.,Ittastesverygood.,record,n.记录,v.记录,Hebroketherecord.,Herecordssomethingwhilereadingabook.,NewarchaeologicaldiscoverssuggestthattradebetweenEuropeandAsiaalongtheSilkRoadprobablybeganinsomeformmanycountriesearlierthanoncethought.Thefindings,coupledwithawideningrangeofscientificandhistoricalresearchcouldaddafascinatingnewpagetotheepicoftheSilkRoad.,名词couple转化为动词，意思为combine,correct,correction,incorrect,independent,depend,dependable,disable,disability,impossible,possible,possibility,wrong,mistaken,mistake,misunderstand,understand,undergraduate,graduate,graduation,n.,反义,独立的,词根,adj.,残疾的,n.,不可能的,n.,反义,n.,误解,词根,大学生,词根,n.,近义,反义,WordsBuilding,一、请找出下列句中的合成词,指出其意义。1.Thisfullyupdatedbookfeaturesthelatestinformationaboutstudyopportunities.,updated最新的,即时练习,2.Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasveryanxioustohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.,short-tempered急脾气的,3.Heissaidtobe“undersized,”with“shortlegs”anda“roundstomach”.undersized个子小的,二、请使用able的正确形式填空。1.Computers_peopletogetmoreinformationmorequickly.2.Heis_todiscriminatecolors.Heiscolor-blind.3.Herlackofexperienceisasevere_.,enable,unable,disability,4.Anaccident_himfromplayingfootball.5.Deafpeopleanddumbpeopleare_.,disabled,disabled,三、请使用like的正确形式填空。1.Ihavetakenastrong_ofhim.2.Sheisnot_tocomenextmonth.