四级阅读必备词汇和短语.doc

娱乐类 tragedy n悲剧，惨事【例】Hamlet is one of Shakespeares best known tragedies 哈姆莱特是莎翁最著名的悲剧之一hobby n爱好baseball n棒球【例】The heavy rain interrupted the baseball game大雨中断了棒球比赛soccer n (美国)足球volleyball n排球chess n国际象棋gym n体育馆amateur n业余爱好者a业余的【例】an amateur orchestra一个业余的管弦乐队athlete n运动员【例】a professional athlete专业的运动员【派】athletic运动的sportsman n运动员【例】an all-round sportsman一个全能的运动员amuse vt逗笑、给提供娱乐【考】amuse oneself by doing sth做某事来消遣【派】amused a 愉快的amusement n 娱乐品entertain vt 招待;给提供娱乐【例】This hotel is famous for its entertainment 这家旅馆以它的殷勤待客闻名【派】entertainment n 娱乐relax vt (使)放松，【例】A hot bath should help to relax you 一个热水澡有助于缓解疲劳【派】relaxed a不严格的，不拘束的;relaxation n放松skate vt 溜冰【例】The children skated on the frozen pond 孩子们在结冰的池塘上滑冰ski vi滑雪n滑雪板refresh vt (使)恢复记忆，振作精神【考】refresh ones memory重新唤起记忆enthusiastic a 热心的，热情的【例】All the staff are enthusiastic about the sports 所有职员都对体育感兴趣【派】enthusiasm n 热情 巨大兴趣leisure a 空闲的n 空闲时间【例】leisure time空闲时间at leisure闲暇时prevalent a流行的，普遍的【例】The color is prevalent in some countries 这种颜色在一些国家很流行slim a苗条的，薄的【例】a slim waist纤细的腰【派】slimmer n 减肥者fashionable a流行的、普遍的【考】be in fashion流行be out of fashion落后recreation n 娱乐，消遣【考】recreational activities娱乐活动【派】recreational a 娱乐的episode n插曲，连续剧的一集【例】the first episode of the comedy那喜剧的第一集series n 连续剧，一系列【考】a series of一系列pop n流行音乐【例】pop music流行音乐movie n电影【例】movie star电影明星poster n海报，招贴画【例】the poster for exhibition展览海报spectator n观众cartoon n卡通 漫画【例】cartoon characters卡通人物comedy n喜剧【例】silent comedy无声喜剧态度类negative a 负面的，消极的panic n 恐慌， 慌乱vi 使恐慌， 使惊慌失措【例】The crowd paniced at the sound of the explosion爆炸声一响， 人群便惊慌起来jealous a 嫉妒的，猜忌的【考】be jealous of sth 对嫉妒upset vt使心烦意乱; a 心烦的，苦恼的; n不安【考】sth upset sb 某事使某人心烦意乱sb be upset about sth 某人对某事苦恼【派】upsetting a 令人心烦意乱的sympathetic a 同情的，体谅的【考】be sympathetic to/with同情【派】sympathize v体谅; sympathy n 同情concern n 关切的事; 关心; 关系【例】be concerned about/with/to对很关心hatred n 憎恶， 憎恨affection n 喜爱， 感情， 爱慕之情【派】affectionate a 爱的， 挚爱的passion n 激情， 热情， 酷爱【派】passionate a 激情的preference n 喜爱， 偏爱， 优先(权)【派】prefer vt 倾向于stress n 压力， 紧张【派】stressful a 紧张的gratitude n 感激，感谢【派】grateful a 感激的overcome vt 战胜， 克服【例】overcome difficulties克服困难annoy vt 使烦恼， 使恼怒【派】annoying a 令人恼人的; annoyance n 烦恼;annoyed a 颇为生气的despair vi 绝望; n 绝望【考】despair of绝望; sb be in despair某人处于绝望中frustrate vt 使沮丧， 使灰心【派】frustration n 挫折; frustrating a 令人沮丧的embarrass vt 使窘迫， 使尴尬【派】embarrassed a (某人)尴尬的;embarrassment n 沮丧; embarrassing a (某事)令人尴尬的envy vt 嫉妒，羡慕n 羡慕， 嫉妒neglect vt 忽视， 忽略n 疏忽， 忽视【考】neglect of duty玩忽职守oppress vt 压迫， 压制【派】oppressed a 压抑的， 受压迫的; oppression n 压迫admire vt 钦佩， 赞赏， 羡慕【派】admirable a 令人羡慕; admiration n 赞赏，钦佩restrain vt 阻止，控制;抑制，遏止【考】restrain sb from doing sth 抑制某人做某事relieve vt 使轻松， 使宽慰; 缓解， 减轻【例】relieve pain缓解疼痛; relieve anxiety缓解焦虑complain vt 抱怨，诉苦【考】complain about(of) sb /sth 抱怨【派】complaint n 埋怨insult vt 侮辱， 辱骂n 侮辱， 凌辱conscious a 意识到的， 自觉的【考】be conscious of意识到【派】consciousness n 知觉; 意识unconscious a 无意识的subconscious a 下意识的self-consciousness n 自我， 自觉intense a 激烈的，紧张的【例】intense competition激烈的竞争intense feelings激烈的情感【派】intensity n 强度; intensive a 密集的eager a 热切的， 渴望的【考】eager to do sth 渴望做某事optimistic a 乐观(主义)的【考】be optimistic about sth 对乐观positive a 确实的，明确的，积极的【考】positive effect积极作用医学类surgeon n 外科医生【派】surgery n 外科、外科手术physician n 内科医生pregnancy n 怀孕、怀孕期【派】pregnant a 怀孕的remedy n 治疗法、补救办法bacteria n 细菌stress n 压力【派】stressful a 有压力的absent-minded n 心不在焉的医生给她注射以减轻疼痛bandage n 绷带stroke n 中风pharmacy n 药房、药店、药剂学、配药capsule n 胶囊、航天舱、密封舱【例】a space capsule太空舱pill n 药片【例】take pills服药tablet n 药片scar n 伤疤、创伤v 留下伤痕disable vt 使无能力; 使残废transplant vt 移植【记】trans(转移)+plant(种植)=移植【派】transplantation n 移植prescribe v 开处方【派】prescription n 处方diagnose vt 诊断、判断【派】diagnosis n 诊断soothe vt 安慰、使平静、减轻、缓和【例】This medicine should smooth your sore throat这种药会减轻你的喉痛alleviate vt 减轻、缓和、缓解【例】alleviate pain缓解疼痛expire vi 断气、(期限)终止【例】My driving license expires next month我的驾照下个月到期chronic a 慢性的【考】chronic diseases慢性疾病dizzy a 头晕目眩的resistant a 有抵抗力的、抵抗的【派】resistance n 抵抗、阻力immune a 免疫的，不受影响的【派】be immune to免于，不受影响的be immune from免除的disorder n 混乱、失调【例】economic disorder经济【记】dis(否定前缀)+ order(秩序)discomfort n 不适syndrome n 综合症【考】AIDS艾滋病(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)handicap n 缺陷、障碍【派】handicapped a 有缺陷的【派】disabled a 伤残的strain n 拉紧、过劳、扭伤vt 拉伤、使紧张vi 尽力【派】restrained vt 抑制， 遏制; 管制。四级阅读高频短语1. at the thought of 一想到2. as a whole (=in general) 就整体而论3. at will 随心所欲4. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于，富有5. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近，进入，了解6. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地，意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地，7. of ones own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地 ,主动地8. in accord with 与一致 . out of ones accord with 同。不一致9. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地10. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照，根据11. on ones own account 为了某人的缘故， 为了某人自己的利益(=at ones own risk) 自行负责(=by oneself)依靠自己12. takeinto account(=consider)把。考虑进去13. give sb. an account of 说明， 解释 (理由)14. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释， 说明。15. on account of (=because of) 由于，因为。16. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要，无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)17. accuseof (=chargewith; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain about) 控告18. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于。19. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解； (=to have met socially) 熟悉20. act on 奉行，按照行动； act as 扮演； act for 代理21. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于22. adapt(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编，改写(以适应新的需要)23. in addition (=besides) 此外，又，加之24. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除外25. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附； 坚持， 遵循26. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的， 临近的27. adjust。(to) (=change slightly)调节； 适应；28. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) 的可能，留有的余地。29. in advance (before in time) 预告， 事先30. to advantage 有利的，使优点更加突出地31. have an advantage over 胜过have the advantage of 由于处于有利条件have the advantage of sb 知道某人所不知道的事32. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用33. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意34. in agreement (with) 同意， 一致35. ahead of 在之前， 超过ahead of time 提前36. in the air 1)不肯定， 不具体. 2)在谣传中37. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是， 最重要的38. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共， 总计39. after all 毕竟，到底； (not) at all 一点也不； all at once(=suddenly)突然； once and for all 只此一次； above all 最重 要的；be all in 累极了； all but 几乎40. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到， 估计到41. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计， 等于。42. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对负责。43. answer to (=conform to) 适合，符合。44. be anxious about 为焦急不安； 或anxious for45. apologize to sb. for sth. 为向道歉46. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力47. apply to sb. for sth. 为向申请； apply for申请； apply to 适用。48. apply to 与有关；适用49. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to) 赞成， approve vt. 批准50. arise from(=be caused by) 由引起51. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排做52. arrive on 到达； arrive at 到达某地(小地方)；得出； arrive in 到达某地(大地方)；53. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以为羞耻54. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth。) 向保证， 使确信。55. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚，系，结56. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth。) 试图做57. attend to (=give ones attention, care and thought)注意，照顾；attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候，照料58. attitude to/ toward 对的态度。看法59. attributeto(=to believe sth. to be the result of)把.。归因于., 认为.。是.。的结果60. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均61. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到，知道。62. at the back of (=behind) 在后面63. in the back of 在后部(里面)； on the back of 在后部(外面)； be on ones back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起。64. at ones back(=supporting or favoring sb。) 支持，维护； have sb. at ones back 有支持65. turn ones back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人)，背弃，抛弃66. behind ones back 背着某人(说坏话)67. be based on / upon 基于68. on the basis of 根据, 在基础上69. beatat 在运动项目上打赢70. begin with 以开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先， 第一(经常用于开始语)71. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以名义72. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信，依赖，信仰。73. benefit (from) 受益，得到好处。74. for the benefit of 为了的利益(好处)75. for the better 好转76. get the better of (=defeat sb。) 打败， 胜过。77. by birth 在出生上，论出身，按血统 at birth 在出生时； give birth to 出生78. blame