初中英语简单句的5种基本类型.ppt

简单句的五种基本类型,WecallhimXiaoLiu.SVOCThenewsmademehappy.SVOCHekeepshishandbehindhisback.SVOCThestorymadeuslaugh.SVOCHeheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.SVOC,划分句子成分:,Mysisterisanurse.Theyaredrinking.Theyaredrinkingtea.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.Shepassedhimthesalt.Wekeepthetableclean.,_S,_V,_P,_S,_V,_S,_V,_O,_S,_V,_S,_V,_IO,_DO,_S,_V,_O,_C,划分句子成分:,Mysisterisanurse.Theyaredrinking.Theyaredrinkingtea.Theoldmanwalksinthepark.Shepassedhimthesalt.Wekeepthetableclean.,_S,_V,_P,_S,_V,_S,_V,_O,_S,_V,_S,_V,_IO,_DO,_S,_V,_O,_C,7.Theyworkhard.8.Theflowerisdead.9.Plantsneedwater.10.Hegivesmesomeseeds.11.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.12.Manyanimalsliveintrees.,_S,_V,_S,_V,_P,_S,_V,_O,_S,_V,_IO,_DO,_S,_V,_O,_C,_S,_V,1.Thespringiscoming.2.Inspring,theweatherbecomeswarmer.3.Ihavefinishedmyhomework.4.Showmeyourbooks.5.Keepthemwarmatnight.,S+V,S+V+P,S+V+O,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+O+C,Theyworkhard.Theflowerisdead.Plantsneedwater.Hegivesmesomeseeds.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.Manyanimalsliveintrees.,S+V,S+V+P,S+V+O,S+V+IO+DO,S+V+O+C,S+V,预备知识,Subject主语?,Predicate谓语?,Object宾语?,Predicative表语?,FullVerb实义行为动词?,LinkVerb连系动词?,还“简单句”呢-分不清了耶!郁闷死!,休要担心少要害怕-简单句（SimpleSentences）就是只包含一个主谓结构的句子-它的结构就是这么简单,所以才叫简单句的啊!英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由简单句的五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的,只要把这些基本句型弄清楚,你就会游刃有余了!-呵呵,就像俺这样:,Practicemakesperfect!-熟能生巧,按结构分一个完整的简单句由“主语部分+谓语部分”构成Themanisateacher.主语部分谓语部分Heworkshard.主语部分谓语部分HeteachesEnglishwell.主语部分谓语部分,哲学上说:运动是绝对的静止是相对的,造句的关键就在于动词一般而言,每个句子都应该有个动词(除了省略句外),连系动词,be(amisarewaswere)/seem/keep/是/好象(似乎)是/保持look/feel/taste/smell/sound/看/感觉/尝/闻/听起来(上去)become/turn/get/grow/变得,表语:表示主语是什么(身份)或者怎么样(处于什么状态)。由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。和连系动词一起构成谓语,也就是说:连系动词后面的就/才是表语!,Heisaboy.Sheisagirl.Theyarestudents.Theyaregood.Helooks/seemsill.Theappletastesnice.Treesturngreen.Yourideasoundsgood.,主语连系动词表语,主语Subject:表示句子所说的是“什么人”或“什么事物”。也就是动作的发出者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词、代词的词或短语等充当。,谓语Predicate:说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或者“怎么样”。也就是做了什么行为动作或处于什么状态。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）用动词。,宾语Object:表示动作、行为的对象。也就是动作的接受者。一般由名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语等充当。,狗咬人。主语谓语宾语,人咬狗。主语谓语宾语,及物动词是后面可以直接跟宾语的动词:see/hear/drank/eat/Isawhimlastweek.Weheardthebadnewsyesterday.Theyeatbreadeveryday.Hedrankaglassofmilkjustnow.不及物动词是后面不可以直接跟宾语的动词:laugh/smile/look/listen/Shesmiledhappily.Theylaughedloudly.如果要加宾语,就要靠一个介词来帮助:Shelookattheblackboardcarefully.Helistenedtohisteacherinclass.Theylaughedatusafterthematch.,什么是及物动词和不及物动词呢?!,Thedoctorlistenedcarefully.,Theworkerranfast.,Theboyisfishing.,Theduckisswimming.,Thewomanwalksslowly.,主谓结构（SV）=主语+谓语动词,不及物动词,Thegirldanceswell.,Helikesbasketballgame.,Heplayscomputergameseveryday.,Heplayedsocceryesterday.,Heisplayingtheguitarnow.,及物动词,主谓宾结构（SVO）=主语+谓语+宾语,有些词既是及物动词又是不及物动词，那就要看意思上的区别了：,他们放风筝。Theyflythekites.,风筝在天上飞。Thekitesflyinthesky.,Hegavemeapresent.,Sheteachesus.SheteachesEnglish.,SheteachesusEnglish.,Shetoldmeastory.,及物动词,主谓双宾结构（SVOiOd）=主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有(A)buy/build/catch/cutchoose/cook/find/get/keep/make/draw/doHeboughtmeanewbike.也可以改为forsb.的句式Heboughtanewbikeforme.(B)give/take/send/bring/teach/show/tell/pay/write/read/sell/lend/pass/return/throw/offer/handShelentmeabook.也可以改为tosb.的句式Shelentabooktome.,主谓宾宾补结构（SVOC）=主语+谓语+宾语+宾语的补足语,Hetoldmetocleanmyroom.,Isawherdancing.,OurteacherasksustoreadEnglisheveryday.,及物动词,可以用于这种句式的动词主要有,let/makesb.dosth.,ask/tell/want/allow/wish/get/sb.todosth.expect/encourage/invite/teach,find/see/hear/watch/notice/feelsb.dosth.sb.doingsth.,helpsb.(to)dosth.,hope和welcome比较特殊我们可以说:Ihopetovisityourschool.Ihopethatyoucanvisitourschool.Iwishyoutovisitourschool.Welcometovisitourschool.Youarewelcometovisitourschool.Welcometoourschool.但不可以说：Ihope/welcomeyoutovisitourschool.,1主系表型Sheisaverygoodgirl.(_语)(_词)(_语)Thegirlisverygood.(_语)(_词)(_语)2主谓型_式:Theylaughed.Thekitesflyinthesky.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_词)_式:Iboughtanewbike.Heplaysvolleyball.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)_式:Shetoldmeastory.Hegavemeagoodbook.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)_式Heaskedmetohelphim.Hemademehappy.(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语)(_语)(_词)(_语)(_语),原来也蛮简单的哦!我来分析一下这些句子中所包含的成分,1主系表型Sheisaverygoodgirl.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)Thegirlisverygood.(主语)(连系动词)(表语)2主谓型主谓式:Theylaughed.Thekitesflyinthesky.(主语)(谓语动词)(主语)(谓语动词)主谓宾式:Iboughtanewbike.Heplaysvolleyball.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)主谓宾宾式:Shetoldmeastory.Hegavemeagoodbook.(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)(主语)(谓语动词)(宾语)(宾语)主谓宾宾补式Heaskedmetohelphim.Hemademe