动名词语法与配套练习

必修四 语法-动名词加配套练习 2016-5-10动名词由动词+ing构成，具有动词和名词性质，其否定式在前加not, 在句中起名词的作用，可作主，宾，表，定语。（一）动名词的时态和语态主 动被 动一般式doing being done完成式having done having been doneHe likes being helped. He was afraid of being left alone. The house showed no sign of having been damaged. Im sorry for not having kept my promise.（二）动名词的语法作用：1作主语 Seeing is believing. Choosing what to eat is not as easy as before. It is no use / good arguing with him.It is a waste of time doingIt is worthwhile doingIt is useless doing It is no fun doing* 动名词作主语与不定式作主语的区别 Playing with fire is dangerous. （泛指玩火，指抽象的多次性的行为） To play with fire will be dangerous.（指具体的某一次的动作）2作宾语 I like swimming. The student admitted cheating in the exam. Would you mind opening the window? He is fond of playing football. * 下列动词或动词短语之后只接动名词作宾语（不接不定式作宾语）advise, allow, admit, appreciate, avoid, consider(考虑),dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, forgive, imagine, keep, mind, miss(错过), practise, permit, risk(冒险), resist（抵制）, delay（耽搁）， suggest, cant help(情不自禁)，cant stand(无法忍受), give up, feel like, put off, be busy, keep on, insist on, have difficulty / trouble (in), have a good time (in)，spend in * to 为介词的短语 be addicted to, be accustomed to, be used to , devote oneself to , get down to , look forward to , object to , stick to , lead to , pay attention to .* 下列动词后可跟动名词作宾语，也可跟不定式作宾语，但意义不同。 forget/ remember/ regret to do 忘记/记着/遗憾要做 forget/ remember/ regret doing 忘记/记着/后悔已做了 stop to do 停下来去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在做的事cant help to do 不能帮着去做 cant help doing 禁不住做try to do 尽力去做 try doing 试着去做mean to do 打算，意欲做 mean doing 意味着I regret to tell you that I cant help you with the harvest. He regretted arguing with the manager yesterday.* 动名词短语常用在以下结构中：have difficulty (in) + doing sthhave trouble (in) + doing sthhave fun (in) + doing sthhave a good time (in) + doing sthhave a hard time (in) + doing sth例1：We have great difficulty (in) solving the problem.例2：They had problem getting there.on (upon) + doing “一就”。例如：On hearing the news, I changed my plans.There is no point in doing sth “是没必要的”。例如：There is no point in telling her this news. 下列动词后动名词做宾语主动形式表被动含义* 主语 + want/ need/require +doing / to be done 主语需要被The house needs cleaning/ to be cleaned.The sick woman required wxaming /to be examined.3作表语 : My job is teaching.Seeing is believing.What I hate most is being laughed at.4. 作定语 表示名词的作用或者用途。 He has a reading room. a walking stick a waiting room a swimming pool5 . 动名词的复合结构动名词的逻辑主语一般是和句子的主语一致，但也有不一致的情况。如果不一致，则要在动名词前加上其逻辑主语，构成动名词的复合结构,在句子中作主语，宾语，表语。* 结构：ones doing/ ones being doneHis coming made me very happy.Peters coming made me very happy.His being left alone at home made him scary.* 若动名词作宾语时，既可用物主代词或名词的所有格，也可用人称代词宾格或名词普通格。She didnt mind his (him) crying. She didnt mind Peters / Peter crying.* 若逻辑主语无生命时，用名词普通格。Is there any hope of our team winning the game? The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught.配套练习1. _-_(make) friends is a necessary part in my life.2. Thief ran away quickly to avoid _( catch)3. The bird was so lucky that it just missed_(catch).4. _ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both young and old. 5. Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use _(argue) with him.6. Can I smoke here? Sorry. We dont allow _(smoke) here. 5. It is difficult to imagine his _(accept) the decision without any consideration. 6. I cant stand _(work) with Jane in the same office.7. As a result of the serious flood, two-thirds of the buildings in the area need _ (repair). 8. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _ (live) alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home.9. Robert is indeed a wise man. Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _(not take) his advice!10. If you think that treating a woman well means always _ (get) her permission for things, think again. 11. He succeeded in _(persuade) her to do the job.12. According to a recent U.S. survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week _ (watch) TV.13. I believe thats the best way to prevent such a thing from _ (happen) again. 14. Did you have trouble in_ (find) the post office? 15. We are looking forward to _(hear) from Mr. Li.16. The teacher told the students to stop _(write).17. His _( not get) to the station on time made everyone worried last week.18. I am considering _(consult) with my lawyer about the matter.19. Seeing the funny scene, I cant help _(laugh).20. The book is worth _ (read) a second time.答案 1. Making 2. being caught 3. being caught 4. walking 5. arguing 6. smoking 5