自考高级英语下Lesson 9 I27ll never escape the ghetto

LessonNineIllNeverEscapetheGhetto,StanleySanders,permanent,continuingorenduringwithoutmarkedchangeinstatusorconditionorplace;永久的；永恒的,credential,adocumentattestingtothetruthofcertainstatedfactsn.凭证，证件；证书Icantestifytothecredentialsoftheclientele.我可以证明委托人的资质。,qualifyas,Toqualifyassomethingortobequalifiedassomethingmeanstohaveallthefeaturesthatareneededtobethatthing13percentofAmericanhouseholdsqualifyaspoor,saysMr.Mishel.米歇尔先生说，13%的美国家庭符合贫困家庭的标准。,thereismoretoitthanthat,没有那么简单,venture,aprojectoractivitywhichisnew,exciting,anddifficultbecauseitinvolvestheriskoffailure.hislatestwritingventure.他最新的写作尝试,fateful,havingmomentousconsequences;ofdecisiveimportanceItwasafatefuldecision,onewhichwastobreaktheGovernment.这是一项将会让政府垮台的重大决定。,retraction,theactofpullingorholdingordrawingapartbackHeshopingthatifhemakesmefeelguilty,Illretract.他指望着如果他能让我感到内疚，我就会收回所说的话,deliverance,recoveryorpreservationfromlossordangerTheopeningsceneshowsthemcelebratingtheirsuddendeliverancefromwar.开场的一幕是他们在庆祝自己突然从战争中解脱了出来。,ghetto,apoordenselypopulatedcitydistrictoccupiedbyaminorityethnicgrouplinkedtogetherbyeconomichardshipandsocialrestrictions.theblackghettosofNewYorkandLosAngeles.纽约和洛杉矶的黑人聚居区,ambitious,havingastrongdesireforsuccessorachievementTheambitiousprojectwascompletedinonlyninemonths.这个规模宏大的项目只用了9个月就完成了。,transient,onewhostaysforonlyashorttime;ahotelfortransients.为过路客人开设的旅馆,waystation,astoppingplaceonajourneyItwaslikeawaystationontheroadtoearlyretirement.它就像早退休路上的一个中间站。,prime,somethingthatismostimportantinasituation.Politicalstability,meanwhile,willbeaprimeconcern.同时，政治稳定性将放在首位,underscore,giveextraweightto(acommunication);Therashofaccidentalshootingsunderscoreshowdifficultitwillbetorestoreorderhere.一连串的意外枪击事件凸显了恢复该地区的秩序有多困难。,accordingly,(sentenceconnectors)becauseofthereasongivenThenewgovernmentwillmakeajudgmentaboutitsinterestsandactaccordingly.新政府将对其利害得失作出判断，并采取相应的行动。,rumor,gossip(usuallyamixtureoftruthanduntruth)passedaroundbywordofmouthRumorhasitthatheishavinganaffairwithhissecretary.谣传他和他的秘书有暧昧关系。,bychoice,notbychance;withintention;inanintentionalmannerJohnhelpedhisfatherbychoice.约翰自愿帮他父亲。,stateofmind,atemporarypsychologicalstateHesinhospital,andinaconfusedstateofmind.他住院了，意识仍然不清。,takeupthefreshmanyear,读大学一年级,Itwastomelessofadeparture,对于我来说，这不是一次离别,thesteppingoffpoint,astartingpoint,Odyssey,alongwanderingandeventfuljourneyWefoundhowlifeisacircleinourOdyssey,ourtravels.我们发现生命就在我们的奥德赛长途冒险之旅过程中是如何去形成了一个圆圈,indroves,成群结队，陆陆续续Peoplewereleavingthecountrysideindrovestolookforworkinthecities.一批一批的人离开农村到城里找工作。,intrigue,causetobeinterestedorcuriousThenoveltyofthesituationintriguedhim.周围环境的独具一格令他着迷。,demonstrate,provideevidencefor;standasproofof;showbyonesbehavior,attitude,orexternalattributes;Youhavetodemonstratethatyouarereliable.你得证明自己是靠得住的。,recall,theprocessofremembering(especiallytheprocessofrecoveringinformationbymentaleffort);AsIrecall,yourenotontheboard,Joe;youreonlyaminorshareholder.我记得你并没有进董事会，乔，你只是一个小股东而已。,oratoricalcontest,演讲比赛Hisoratoricaleffortsevokednoresponseinhisaudience.他的雄辩在听众中不起反响。,customary,commonlyusedorpracticed;usual;Itiscustomarytoofferadrinkorasnacktoguests.向客人提供一杯饮料或一份点心是一种习俗。,exodus,ajourneybyalargegrouptoescapefromahostileenvironmentThemedicalsystemisfacingcollapsebecauseofanexodusofdoctors.由于医生大批离去，医疗系统面临崩溃,wearthin,deterioratethroughuseorstressHispatiencebegantowearthinduringthelongwait.在长期的等待中，他的耐性慢慢消失了,stigma,asymbolofdisgraceorinfamyThereisverylittlestigmaattachedtocrimeandcriminals.人们几乎都不把犯罪和罪犯视为一种耻辱,resort,Ifyouresorttoacourseofactionthatyoudonotreallyapproveof,youadoptitbecauseyoucannotseeanyotherwayofachievingwhatyouwant诉诸，采取Someschoolshaveresortedtorecruitingteachersfromoverseas.有些学校不得不开始从海外招收老师。,thereafter,fromthattimeon;Inflationwillfallandthereaftersowillinterestrates.通货膨胀率将下跌，随后利率也将下降。,designation,theactofputtingapersonintoanon-electiveposition;.thedesignationofMadridasEuropeanCityofCulture1992.马德里被命名为1992年度的欧洲文化之城,interferewith,干预,阻挠,妨碍,阻止Thatinterfereswithmyplan.那干扰了我的计划。Thenoiseinterfereswithmywork.这噪音妨碍我的工作。,lexicon,alanguageusersknowledgeofwordsChocolateequalssininmostpeopleslexicon.巧克力在大多数人的字典里等同于罪恶。,fashionable,beingorinaccordancewithcurrentfashion;Itbecamefashionabletoeatcertainkindsoffish.吃某些种类的鱼开始流行起来。,exclusive,excludingmuchorall;especiallyallbutaparticulargrouporminorityManyoftheircheesesareexclusivetoourstoresinBritain.在英国，他们生产的奶酪很多只在我们商店出售。,influx,blemscausedbytheinfluxofrefugees.大批难民涌入产生的问题.theinfluxofAmericanpopcornintotheBritishmarket.美国爆米花大量涌入英国市场,defense,thespeechactofansweringanattackonyourassertionsadefendantsanswerorpleadenyingthetruthofthechargesagainsthim,reflect,giveevidenceofacertainbehaviorWeshouldallgiveourselvestimetoreflect.我们都应该给自己时间好好想想。Ireflectedonthechildsfuture.我认真考虑了孩子的将来。,crucially,toacrucialdegreeThefutureofthecompanywilldependcruciallyonhowconsumersrespond.这家公司的未来主要取决于消费者的反应。,traumatic,causingphysicalorespeciallypsychologicalinjury;Isufferedanervousbreakdown.Itwasatraumaticexperience.我曾经神经崩溃过。那是一次痛苦的经历。,Harlem,adistrictofManhattan;nowlargelyaBlackghetto,awkward,causinginconvenienceIwasthefirsttoaskhimawkwardquestionsbuttherellbeharderonestocome.我是第一个向他提出尴尬问题的人，不过还会有人问更难回答的问题。,archetype,anoriginalmodelonwhichsomethingispatternedHecametothiscountry20yearsagoandisthearchetypeofthesuccessfulAsianbusinessman.他20年前来到这个国家，是成功亚裔商人的典范。,initiative,readinesstoembarkonboldnewventuresShewasdisappointedbyhislackofinitiative.她对他缺少进取心感到失望。,emulate,imitatethefunctionof(anothersystem),asbymodifyingthehardwareorthesoftwareSonsaretraditionallyexpectedtoemulatetheirfathers.历来认为儿子会仿效父亲。,predictable,possibletoforetellThiswasapredictablereaction,giventhebitterhostilitybetweenthetwocountries.考虑到这两个国家之间激烈的敌对情绪，这种反应是可以预见的。,representation,theactofrepresenting;standinginforsomeoneorsomegroupandspeakingwithauthorityintheirbehalfWehavemaderepresentationstoministersbuttheyjustdontseemtobelistening.我们已经向部长们提出了抗议，但是他们却装聋作哑。,dependency,lackofindependenceorself-sufficiencyWeworriedabouthisdependencyonhismother.我们担心他可能对母亲太过依赖。,indifference,unbiasedimpartialunconcern.hiscallousindifferencetotheplightofhisson.他对儿子所处困境的无情漠视,bastardchild,私生子Anotherwomanwasawardedreliefforherbastardchild.另外一个女人因为她的私生子得到了赔偿。,irreversible,impossibletoreverseorbereversedShecouldsufferirreversiblebraindamageifsheisnottreatedwithinsevendays.如果她在7天之内没有得到治疗,她的大脑有可能遭受不可逆转的损伤,legitimation,theactofmakinglawfulThegovernmentwillnotseektodisruptthelegitimatebusinessactivitiesofthedefendant.政府无意干扰被告的合法经营活动。,parallel,Ifthereareparallelsbetweentwothings,theyaresimilarinsomewaysDetailedstudyoffolkmusicfromavarietyofcountriesrevealsmanycloseparallels.仔细研究各国民间音乐后发现了许多非常相似之处。,bootstrap,astrapthatisloopedandsewntothetopofabootforpullingiton,tenuous,havinglittlesubstanceorsignificanceTheculturalandhistoricallinksbetweenthemanyprovinceswereseentobeverytenuous.许多省份之间的文化和历史纽带被认为是很脆弱的。,shatter,breakintomanypieces;Thecarshatteredintoathousandburningpiecesina200mphcrash.汽车在时速为200英里时发生撞车，炸成了数以千计燃烧的碎片。,behailedas/hail,praisevociferouslyFaulknerhasbeenhailedasthegreatestAmericannovelistofhisgeneration.福克纳被誉为他那一代人中最伟大的美国小说家。,Itispartofthelipservice,口头上作出一些表示的一部分,isobligedto,某人不得不做某事sb.isobligedtodo某人不得不做某事,shibboleth,amannerofspeakingthatisdistinctiveofaparticulargroupofpeopleItistimetogobeyondtheshibboleththatconventionalforcescannotdeter.是时候摆脱那些传统力量无法遏制的陈规陋习了,revolt,makerevolutionorganizedoppositiontoauthority;aconflictinwhichonefactiontriestowrestcontrolfromanotherCarolinerevoltedagainstherballettrainingatsixteen.卡罗琳16岁时拒绝接受芭蕾舞训练。,identifywith,认为等同于；觉得与有联系；支持；同情Wecannotidentifyhappinesswithwealth.我们不能把幸福与财富混为一谈。,spate,(oftenfollowedbyof)alargenumberoramountorextent;abatchoflettersadealoftroublealotofmoney,momentous,ofverygreatsignificanceThepastthreeyearshavebeenamongthemostmomentousinworldhistory.过去的3年是世界历史上最重要的时期之一。,bewroughtfor,beconsideredas/for,militancy,amilitantaggressiveness.theriseoftradeunionmilitancy.工会战斗精神的高涨,fulmination,theactofexplodingwithnoiseandviolence;Theyallfulminatedagainstthenewcurriculum.他们都对新课表表示强烈不满。.fulminationsagainstthegovernment.对政府的怒斥,enroll,registerformallyasaparticipantormemberWemayenrollanothertwoclassesof20studentseach.我们可以再招收两个班，每班20个学生。,compelling,tendingtopersuadebyforcefulnessofargume.afrighteninglyviolentyetcompellingfilm.有可怕的暴力镜头但却引人入胜的电影,contrived,showingeffectsofplanningormanipulationTherewasnothingcontrivedorcalculatedaboutwhathesaid.他说的话里没有任何蓄意捏造的成分。,inthethroesof,处于痛苦/困境之中,upheaval,astateofviolentdisturbanceanddisorder(asinpoliticsorsocialconditionsgenerally);Whereverthereispoliticalupheaval,invariablytherearerefugees.哪里有政治动乱，哪里就一定有难民。,spout,Ifyousaythatapersonspoutssomething,youdisapproveofthembecausetheysaysomethingwhichyoudonotagreewithorwhichyouthinktheydonothonestlyfeelHeusedhiscolumntospoutill-informedcriticismoftheScotsrugbyteam.他根本不了解苏格兰橄榄球队，却在自己的专栏上对其大加抨击,manifestation,aclearappearanceNewYorkistheultimatemanifestationofAmericanvalues.纽