动名词的用法讲解

Fillintheblackwiththerightformof“swim”,Myfavoritesportis_.ThoughImnotgoodat_,Ikeeponpracticing_everysummer.Asweallknow,_isgoodforourhealth.Besides,ithelpsshapethebody.However,_inriverisquitedangerous.Itisreportedthatmanypeoplediedbecauseof_intheriverthissummer.Whatsmore,theriverispollutednow.HowIhopethatIcanhavea_poolofmyown!,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,swimming,Grammar,动名词的用法,Gerund,动名词的用法,1）做主语Doing+V.+nousenogoodnotanyusenotanygooduselessThereisno+doing,Its+,+doing,E.g.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Itisnogoodlearningwithoutpractice.学而不实践是没好处的。Itisuselesstalkingaboutitwithhim.和他谈这件事是没用的。Itsawasteoftimearguingaboutit.辩论这事是浪费时间,Thereisno”句式来表示.E.g.Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.这种事开不得玩笑。Thereisnolitteringabout.不许乱扔杂物。Thereisnoholdingbackthewheelofhistory.历史车轮不可阻挡。,2)作表语句子结构：主语+系动词+表语S.+be+doinge.g.Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.Herjobislookingaftertheold.Theirtaskisexploringoilminesinthewest.他们的任务是在西部探查油矿。注意：这时，主语和表语可以互换位置,3)作定语。动名词作定语时一般前置，与所修饰的名词间没有逻辑上的主谓关系，表用途。readingroom阅览室swimmingpool游泳池diningcar餐车singingcompetition歌咏比赛waitingroom候车室,注：动名词作定语与现在分词作定语的区别:,awalkingstickaswimmingpoolasleepingcar,区别,thewalkingmantheswimminggirlthesleepingboy,动名词修饰名词表示名词的功能,现在分词修饰名词表示该名词所处的状态,4)作宾语verb/短语+doingavoid,admit,appreciate,consider,delay,deny,enjoy,escape,excuse,finish,imagine,keep,mind,miss,practice,resist,risk,suggest,understandbeworthcanthelpcantstandfeellikegiveupputoff,Manypeopleenjoysunbathingonthebeachinsummer.夏季，很多人喜欢在沙滩日光浴。Isuggestdoingitinadifferentway.我建议用另一种方法做这件事。Hesnotverywell;hedoesntfeellikeeating.他不太舒服，吃不下。ShepracticesspeakingEnglisheveryday.,Prep+doinglookforwardto（渴望，盼望）,beproudof（以自豪）beresponsiblefor（对负责）,insiston（坚持）thinkof（考虑，想到）dreamof（梦想）objectto（反对，抗议）preventfrom（防止，阻止）keepfrom（防止，阻止）stopfrom（防止，阻止）beengagedin（从事于）dependon（依靠，依赖）excusefor（因而道歉）aimat（目的在于）devoteto（献身于）setabout（着手做）be/getusedto（习惯于）befondof（喜欢）beafraidof（害怕）betiredof（对厌烦）succeedin（成功地做）beashamedof（对感到羞愧）,e.g.Shesattherewithoutspeaking.Ilookforwardtoseeinghimagain.Areyouusedtolivingtherealone?Whenmyfatherheardthenews,hecouldnthelplaughing.Hewasbusypreparinghislessons.,注意：（1）有些动词后面，如forget,remember,stop,try,mean,regret、goon等，既可跟动名词也可跟不定式作宾语，但是意义不一样。,forgetregretremember,todo,doing,将要发生的动作,已经发生的动作,继续做同一件事情,继续做另一件事情,停止做某事,停下来做另一件事,意味着做某事,打算做某事,试着做某事,努力做某事,习惯做某事,被用来做某事,情不自禁做某事,不能帮助做某事,Heforgotpayingforthebook.他忘了曾经付了买书的钱。(他付过钱了)Heforgottopayforthebook.他忘了去付买书的钱。(他没有付过钱)Stoptalking.(停止说话)IstoppedtotalkwithTom.（停下正在做的事开始去说话）,(2)在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多大区别。,needwantrequireThewindowneedsrequireswantscleaningtobecleaned,doingtobedone,(3),Yourcarneedsfilling.你这车要充气了。Thiscitydeservesvisiting.这座城市值得光顾一下。Theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully.这个问题需要认真研究。Thetreeswantwatering.这些树需要浇水了。,(4)在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allowadviseforbidpermit名词代词不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如：WedontallowsmokinghereWedontallowanybodytosmokehereadvisedoingsth.advisesb.todosth.,动名词复合结构：ones/onedoing1).物主代词/名词所有格+动名词在句中作主语或宾语:e.g.Maryscomingl