连词_状语从句幻灯片.pptx

连词讲解及练习,1,知识概要用来连接词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是一种虚词，在句中不能单独使用。连词可分为两类：并列连词和从属连词。,连词一览表,2,3,尝试判断下列属于哪种从句：NosoonerhadIarrivedhomethanitbegantorain.(一就)Asthedayswentby,sheknewmoreaboutherclassmates.(随着)Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.Hisfriendsdislikehimbecausehesstingy(小气)andlazy.Heworksveryhardsothathecanearnmoremoney.,时间状语,时间状语,地点状语,原因状语,目的状语,4,Ididjustasyoutoldme.Wellstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.Herhandwritingismorebeautifulthananybodyelsesinherclass.Itssuchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.,方式状语,条件状语,让步状语,比较状语,结果状语,5,1.常用并列连词的用法1）and连接语法作用相同的部分.如：LetmeknowwhatyousawandheardinEurope.如果连接的两个名词是指同一个人而有两种身份时,第二个名词前不要加冠词或所有格.如：Herhusbandisasingerandsongwriter.,6,2）祈使句+and代替条件句.如：Workhardandyouwillpasstheexamination.由and连接两个主语时谓语动词要用复数形式。如：YouandIarefromChina.但是and前面的主语之前有every,each,no,manya的时候用单数谓语动词.如：Everytrainandbuswascrowdedwithmanypeople.,7,2）both+主语+and+主语+“复数谓语动词”。BothTomandJerryaregoingtothecinema.,8,3）notonlybutalso如果连接两个主语,谓语动词就近原则.如：Notonlyhebutalsohisparentsareverykindtome.,9,4）aswellas后面的主语不作为成分.如：Thisstudy,aswellasmanyotherreports,showsthatcancercanbecured.后面如果接动词一定要用动名词.如：Shesingsaswellasplayingthepiano.,10,5)nor是否定连接词,后面接的句子应倒装.如：Idontknow,nordoIcare.6）but用来表示转折,如：Hetriedhardbuthewasunsuccessful.还可以用在noone,none,nobody,nothing,all,every等词之后表示”除了以外”。如：Alltheboysbutonearehere.,11,7）however,still,yet,含意相同相当于”butanyway”.如：Thecarwasold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.Shehasherweaknesses,yet(but)thatdoesntmeansheisnotgoodforthejob.Heliedtome,Istillbelievehim.,12,8)while表示的是”相反的”,也可以用but,however,ontheotherhand来代替.Whilesomepeoplehavenothingtoeat,otherseattoomuch.,13,9)or连接句子或词组,表示“或者”之意。Whichdoyouprefer,yellow,blueorred?Washeangry,orwashepretending?or,也有“否则”的意思.如：Bequick,oryouwillbelate.,14,10)eitheror/neithernor并列主语时，谓语动词同样用就近原则.EitherMaryorherparentsaregoingbybus.11）so表示因此,相当于therefore.（adv.）Theycostalotofmoney,sousethemcarefully.Itisverycold.Therefore,weshouldstayhere.,15,12）then（adv）然后，而后，其次IdroppedinatherhouseandthenIwenthome.13）for引导的句子不可以放在句首，之前必须由逗号，表示推论的理由Theymustbegoodfriends,fortheyarealwaystogether.Thedaybreaks,forthebirdsaresinging.,16,2.常用从属连词的用法1）that引导名词性从句(主语/宾语/表语从句),同位语从句，定语从句,如：Thatsmokingcancausecancerisknowntoall.Iwassurprisedtohearthathebecamethepresident.,17,2）after/beforeAfterherhusbanddiedshehadtotakeeverythingonherself.Takethemedicinebeforeyougotobed.,18,3）since引导的从句是肯定句,一般主句都是完成时.Shehashadanotherbabysincewemet.4）till/until其中until较为常用,till是口语.Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.Iwontgountilhecomes.,19,5）assoonasIlltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.6）because/since/as表示直接原因的时候不能用since或as.其他情况可以用since既然，as由于（语气弱）。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidntgotoschool.,20,7）so/suchthat结果状语从句(程度)Shewassomovedthattearscametohereyes.Theytooksuchcareofherthatnotlongaftershewasrestoredtohealth.,21,8）if(假如,如果)不能用whether.Ifyoucallhimafatty,hewillgetangry.9）unless=ifnotYoucannotinterviewhimunlessyougetthepermission.,22,10）though/although都作为”虽然,尽管”可以互换,although用的更多一些.后面不可以有but但可以有yet/still.Althoughheismuchbetter,yethisfatherisntsatisfied.,23,11）as引导状语从句AsIremember,heusedtoworkheretenyearsago.AsIseeit,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovementinourwork.MyparentsdonotlovepopmusicasmuchasI(do).,24,As引导让步状语从句要倒装，必须主从句主语相同：被提前的部分可以是从句的表语，状语或动词原形。如果被前置的表语是单数名词时，须省略冠词。MuchasIlikeTom,Icantagreetohisplan.Childasheis,heknowsalotofthings.Tiredasheis,heofferstohelpme.Tryasyouwill,youwontbeabletopersuadehim.,副词+as+主语+谓语部分,名词+as+主语+系动词,形容词+as+主语+系动词,动词原形+as+主语+谓语的另一部分,25,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.A.AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemayD.Quiteashemaybeastudent,B,26,12.nosoonerthan/hardlywhen表示“一就”如果nosooner或者hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，且用过去完成时。-DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?-No,nosoonerthanithappened.A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegoneD.shehasgone,A,27,13）whether/if(是否)if能引导宾语语从句Pleasetellmewhetheritistrueornot.Ihaventdecidedwhether/ifIllgowithyou.在介词后,名词后,不定式前和有ornot的句子中用whether.Iamworriedaboutwhethersheishappy.,28,14）so/suchthat（结果状语从句目的状语从句）,inorderto/that目的状语从句Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.目的状语从句SayslowlysothatIcanunderstandit.Itwasraining,sothatwecouldnotgoout.结果状语从句（原因）,29,3.常用近义连词的用法辨析（1）while,when,as都可引导时间状语从句，但用法有所不同。when引导的句子中的动词可以是短暂动词也可以是延续性动词.还可以表示“就在那个时候”,=atthattimewhile引导的句子中的动词只能是延续性动词.还可以表示“然而”.as强调“边边”,30,1)当某事正在进行的时候，又发生了另一件事。While,when,as都可用来引导表示“背景”的时间状语从句。例如：As/When/WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreetInoticedapolicecar.,31,2)当两个长动作同时进行的时候，最常用的是while。例如：Whilemotherwascookinglunch,Iwasdoingmyhomework.3)当两个动作都表示发展变化的情况时，最常用的是as。例如：Aschildrengetolder,theybecomemoreandmoreinterestedinthingsaroundthem.,32,4)当两个短动作同时发生时，或表示“一边一边”时，最常用as。例如：Justashecaughtthefly,hegavealoudcry.Shelookedbehindfromtimetotimeasshewent.,33,5)当从句的动作先于主句的动作时，通常用when。例如：Whenhefinishedhiswork,hetookashortrest.6)当从句是瞬间动作，主句是延续性动作时，通常用when。例如：WhenJohnarrivedIwascookinglunch.,34,3.as,because,since,for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.,35,2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：Ashewasntready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Icantbuyanyfood.,36,3)for用来补充说明一种理由，因此，for引导的从句几乎可以放在括号里。For引导的句子不放在句子的开头。例如：Idecidedtostopandhavelunch，forIwasfeelingquitehungry.,37,4.if,whetherif和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾与从句是一般可互换。例如：Iwonderwhether(if)youstillstudyinthatschool.,38,只能用whether,不能用if：1)在不定式前。例如：Ihaventmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.2）用or并列两项以上时。例如：Idontnowwhetherhecomesornot.,39,3.在介词后作介词宾语Imthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.4.宾语从句放句首时Whetheritwasworthdoingwasthequestion.,40,5.sothat,such.that1)sothat中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such.that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：ImsotiredthatIcantwalkanyfarther.Itwassuchawarmdaythathewentswimming.,41,2)如果在名词之前有many,much,little,few时，用so,不用such。例如：Hehassolittleeducationthatheisunabletogetajob.IhavehadsomanyfallsthatIamblackandblueallover.,42,6.eitheror,neithernor,notonlybutalso这三个连词词组都可连接两个并列成分。当它们连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词要随相邻的主语变化。例如：Eitheryouorheiswrong.Neitherhenorhischildrenlikefish.Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentswanttobuythebook.,43,7.although,but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“Althoughheisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.”这个句子应改为：Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.,44,8.because,so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说“BecauseJohnwasill,soItookhimtothedoctor.”这个句子应改为BecauseJohnwasill,Itookhimtothedoctor.,45,but与and1but与not连用“不是而是Theysawnotanoldman,butachild.2.but可以和sorry连用，一般不用andImsorrytotroubleyou,buthowcanIgettothestation?,46,3.and连接祈使句和陈述句时，该陈述句用一般将来时态Workhard,andyouwillbesuccessful.4.and连接两个动词，其时态形式及词形往往一致Didtheygoonworkingwithouthavingarestandeatinganything?,47,and与or一般情况下，and用于肯定句中，or用于否定句和疑问句中TheylikeEnglishandmaths.Hedoesntlikeblackorblue.,48,2.在否定句中，如果所连接的两部分都有否定词，那么用and而不用or连接Theclockhasnoeyesandnoears.=Theclockhasnoeyesorears.,49,Forestshelptokeepwaterfromrunningaway,_droughtdoesnotoftenhappen.AandBbutCsoDthough2.Itsgettingdark,_theyrestillworking.AandBbutCsoDor,C,B,50,3.Edisonnevergaveup,_hefailedmanytimes.AandBthoughCorDso4.-IsTomatschooltoday?-No,hesathome_hehasabadcold.AbecauseBifCuntilDbefore,B,A,51,5.（佛山）Itiswarm_thebearsarestillsleepingintheholes.AbutBsoCthoughDbecause6.(苏州)YoushouldreturnthedigitalcameratoSally_shewillnotbeangry.AsothatBbecauseCbeforeDor,A,A,52,7.Hurryup,_youwillmissthetrain.Itsleavingintenminutes.AandBsoChoweverDor8.-Thisdresswaslastyearsstyle.-Ithinkitstilllooksperfect_ithasgoneoutthisyear.AsothatBeventhoughCasifDeversince,D,B,53,Thisshopopensfrom8:00a.m.to5:30p.m.Youcangotherethismorning_thisafternoon.AsoBbutCandDor2.-Whodidbetter,BillorHenry?-IthinkBilldidjust_Henry.A.aswellasB.asgoodasC.asbetterasD.morebadlythan,D,A,54,3._LilyorLucyhasbeentotheGreatWall.AEitherBNeitherCBothDNor4.TheyboughtGrannyapresent,_shelikesitverymuch.AandBsoCbutDget5.Studyhard,_youllfallbehindtheothers.AandBbutCorDthough,A,A,C,55,6.Pleasehaveawash_yougotobed.A.afterB.beforeC.whileD.assoonas7.-wouldyouliketocometomybirthdaypartytonight?-Idliketo,_Imtoobusy.A.andB.butC.soD.because,B,B,56,8.-weneverknow_sheis.-Theysayshesapoliceman.A.whomB.whatC.whichD.whoWedonthavesupper_mybrothercomes.A.afterB.sinceC.whileD.until10.Heborrowedthemoney_hecouldsendhissontoschool.A.whichB.sothisC.sothatD.because,B,D,C,57,11.Whichissmaller,thesun_themoon?A.soB.butC.orD.and12.“ImgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.”“_youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?”A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.After13.Youdbettertakethisbook.Itsverygood_itsabitexpensive.A.thoughB.andC.butD.so,C,C,A,58,14._heisveryyoung,_heknowsseverallanguages.A.Though,/B.Because,soC.Though,butD.Because,/15.Weshallgo_youareready.A.whileB.asC.sinceD.assoonas,A,D,59,16.Hehurthimself_badly_hehadtoseeadoctor.A.too,toB.such,thatC.much,thatD.so,that17.itsalongtime_wemetlast.A.butB.thoughC.sinceD.before,D,C,60,1.-WilltheforeignershaveanyproblemstalkingwithChinesein2008?-Idontthinkso.Now_theyoung_theoldcanspeaksomeEnglish.A.eitherorB.notonlybutalsoC.neithernorD.bothor2.Wedidntcatchthetrain_weleftlate.A.soB.becauseC.butD.though3.Tomfailedintheexamagain_hewantedtopassitverymuch.A.ifB.soC.thoughD.as4.Iwontbelievethatthefive-year-oldboycanreadfivethousandwords_Ihavetestedhimmyself.A.afterB.whenC.ifD.until5.Thebookwassointerestingthathehadreaditforthreehours_herealizedit.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.before,B,B,C,D,D,61,6.-Thisdresswaslastyearsstyle.-Ithinkitstilllooksperfect_ithasgoneoutthisyear.A.sothatB.eventhoughC.asifD.eversince7.Hurryup,_youwillmissthetrain.A.andB.soC.howeverD.or8.Themountainwas_steep_fewpeopleinourcityreachedthetop.A.soasB.sothatC.asasD.tooto,B,D,B,62,9.-DoyourememberourpleasantjourneytoXian?-Ofcourse.Iremembereverything_ithappenedyesterday.A.assoonasB.eventhoughC.ratherthanD.asif10._youcantanswerthisquestion,wehavetoasksomeoneelseforhelp.A.AlthoughB.WhileC.WhetherD.Since11.LucyandLilyaretwins.Lucylikesplayingbasketball，_Lilydoesnt.A.andB.butC.asD.or12.Thescientistknowstwolanguages.Hecanspeak_English_French.A.either,orB.neither,norC.both,andD.so,that,D,D,B,C,63,13.Heisrich_unhappy.A.orB.andC.soD.but14.Takearest_youfinishthework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while15.Youcantpasstheexam,_youstudyhard.A.ifB.ofC.unlessD.and16._ourteamtriedbest_wefailed.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.If,andD.Though,/17.Dontgetoff_thebusstops.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.so,D,B,D,C,C,64,Helikesmaths_hisbrotherlikesEnglish.AwhileBwhenCbutDand19.YesterdayIwasjusttogoout_someonetelephonedme.AwhenBwhileCasDthat20._youhavecomehere,staywithusforanight.ABecauseBForCSinceDAs21._wearrivedthere,theywereplaying.AWhileBWhenCAsDThough,A,A,C,B,65,9Theteacherdidntbeginthelessonallthestudentsstoppedtalking.A.untilB.afterC.ifD.because10Bettydidntgotoseethefilmyesterdayshewasill.A.butB.untilC.ifD.because11Youmuststartrightnow,youllmissthetrain.A.forB.andC.soD.or12heisachildofsix,hecanreadandwrite.A.WhoseB.IfC.ThoughD.Because,A,D,D,C,66,13Ilikefish,chicken,eggs.A.and,andB.and,withC./,andD.and,/14Takethisdictionarywithyouyoumayuseitinclass.A.whenB.inordertoC.butD.sothat15Ihopewillbefinetomorrow.itB.whatC.whetherD.when16shewasnotwell,Idecidedtogowithouther.A.ThoughB.AsC.WhenD.Becauseof,C,D,A,B,67,17Myauntboughtmemanystorybookst