M5U1_grammar( to-infinitive)》

Grammarandusage1,Infinitive,M5Unit1,Toseeistobelieve.,Proverb,Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。,Proverb,Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。,Proverb,Toseeistobelieve.眼见为实。,Proverb,To-infinitive,FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11)Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,.(Line12),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11)Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,.(Line12)Wewenttowashourhands.(Line13),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11)Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,.(Line12)Wewenttowashourhands.(Line13)Ibeggedhernottotellanyoneelse,.(Line14),FindoutthesentenceswithtoinfinitiveinSecretsandlies(Para.1-Para.3),Letsfindouttogether!,Letsfindouttogether!,.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11)Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,.(Line12)Wewenttowashourhands.(Line13)Ibeggedhernottotellanyoneelse,.(Line14),Letsfindouttogether!,Whatstheformoftoinfinitive?,.weareveryacademicandliketostudy,.(Line4).Iwassuretogetagoodgrade.(Line9).Imustbereallystupidtofailasimplemathquiz!(Line11)Afterwards,Ipretendedtobecheerful,.(Line12)Wewenttowashourhands.(Line13)Ibeggedhernottotellanyoneelse,.(Line14),Form:,(以动词do为例）,基本形式：,Form:,(以动词do为例）,肯定式：todo,基本形式：,Form:,(以动词do为例）,否定式：not+todo(在to前加not,有时加never）,肯定式：todo,基本形式：,(1)Tellhim_thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut(2)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen(3)Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive,典型例题,(1)Tellhim_thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut(2)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen(3)Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive,典型例题,(1)Tellhim_thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut(2)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen(3)Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive,典型例题,(1)Tellhim_thewindow.A.toshutnotB.nottoshutC.tonotshutD.notshut(2)Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen(3)Mrs.Smithwarnedherdaughter_afterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriverC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive,典型例题,Letsshout!,Iwishtobeadmittedbyatopuniversity!Ipromisenottobelazyinthenexttwoyears!Iswearnevertogiveupinfaceofdiffuculties!AndIwishusnevertobeparted!,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、Objectcomplement宾补、,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、Objectcomplement宾补、Attributive定语、,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、Objectcomplement宾补、Attributive定语、Predicative表语、,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、Objectcomplement宾补、Attributive定语、Predicative表语、Adverbial状语，,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),Subject主语、Object宾语、Objectcomplement宾补、Attributive定语、Predicative表语、Adverbial状语，butnot:verb但不能单独作谓语。,ThefunctionsofTo-infinitivePage8(Point1),1.作主语,ToreadEnglisheverydayisnecessary.,1.作主语,ToreadEnglisheverydayisnecessary.动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。,ToreadEnglisheverydayisnecessary.动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。ItisnecessarytoreadEnglisheveryday.,1.作主语,ToreadEnglisheverydayisnecessary.动词不定式做主语时，为了句子平衡，通常用it做形式主语，而把不定式放在谓语之后。ItisnecessarytoreadEnglisheveryday.Itisagoodideatogoforapicnictoday.,1.作主语,典型例题,1.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Todoasmanyexercisesaspossible_necessarybeforeexam.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Itsagoodhabit_breakfasteveryday.A.hadB.haveC.hasD.tohave,典型例题,1.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Todoasmanyexercisesaspossible_necessarybeforeexam.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Itsagoodhabit_breakfasteveryday.A.hadB.haveC.hasD.tohave,C,典型例题,1.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Todoasmanyexercisesaspossible_necessarybeforeexam.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Itsagoodhabit_breakfasteveryday.A.hadB.haveC.hasD.tohave,C,B,典型例题,1.Is_necessarytocompletethedesignbeforeNationalDay?A.thisB.thatC.itD.he2.Todoasmanyexercisesaspossible_necessarybeforeexam.A.areB.isC.haveD.has3.Itsagoodhabit_breakfasteveryday.A.hadB.haveC.hasD.tohave,C,B,D,Iwanttoseeafilm.,2.作宾语,Iwanttoseeafilm.不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如：,2.作宾语,Iwanttoseeafilm.不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如：HefounditdifficulttolearnChinese.,2.作宾语,Iwanttoseeafilm.不定式做宾语时，若还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式放在补足语后，用it做形式宾语。例如：HefounditdifficulttolearnChinese.Wethinkitimportanttomasteraforeignlanguage.,2.作宾语,Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_difficulttotellonefromtheother.(2011山东)A.itB.themC.herD.that,高考真题,Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfind_difficulttotellonefromtheother.(2011山东)A.itB.themC.herD.that解析：it在此处做形式宾语，指代不定式totellonefromtheother，故答案A。,高考真题,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,问问看,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,尽力干,常见的后接不定式作宾语的动词有：,want,wish,hope,expect,attempt,wouldlikeplan,prepare,mean,arrangeagree,promise,refuse,affordask,beg,(asktodo要求做)decide,determine,bedeterminedtry,manage(反义词fail),struggle,pretend,想要干,别装蒜,问问看,决定了,同意否,早打算,尽力干,HeinvitedmetogiveaspeechonChinesehistory.（不定式togiveaspeechonChinesehistory做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语me）,3.作宾语补足语,注意：hope，suggest，agree，demand，arrange等动词后不能接sb.todosth.结构,HeinvitedmetogiveaspeechonChinesehistory.（不定式togiveaspeechonChinesehistory做宾语补足语，补充说明宾语me）,3.作宾语补足语,4.作定语,Ihavealettertopost.(不定式topost做定语，修饰名词letter),4.作定语,Ihavealettertopost.(不定式topost做定语，修饰名词letter)1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：,4.作定语,Ihavealettertopost.(不定式topost做定语，修饰名词letter)1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：Shehadonlyasmallroomtolivein.,4.作定语,Ihavealettertopost.(不定式topost做定语，修饰名词letter)1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：Shehadonlyasmallroomtolivein.翻译：我需要一支笔写字。,4.作定语,Ihavealettertopost.(不定式topost做定语，修饰名词letter)1)做定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，不定式后面须有相应的介词。例如：Shehadonlyasmallroomtolivein.翻译：我需要一支笔写字。Ineedapentowritewith.,2)试比较：Doyouhaveanythingtowash?Doyouhaveanythingtobewashed?,2)试比较：Doyouhaveanythingtowash?你有什么要洗吗？（不定式towash的动作执行者是you）Doyouhaveanythingtobewashed?,2)试比较：Doyouhaveanythingtowash?你有什么要洗吗？（不定式towash的动作执行者是you）Doyouhaveanythingtobewashed?你有什么要（别人）洗吗？（不定式towash的动作执行者是别人，而不是you）,高考真题,1)Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.（2010山东）A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted2)Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished3)Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_theoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.(2010上海)AreducingBtoreduceCreducedDreduc,高考真题,1)Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.（2010山东）A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted2)Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished3)Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_theoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.(2010上海)AreducingBtoreduceCreducedDreduc,高考真题,1)Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.（2010山东）A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted2)Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished3)Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_theoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.(2010上海)AreducingBtoreduceCreducedDreduc,高考真题,1)Ihavealotofreadings_beforetheendofthisterm.（2010山东）A.completingB.tocompleteC.completedD.beingcompleted2)Hisfirstbooknextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西)A.publishedB.tobepublishedC.topublishD.beingpublished3)Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine_theoveruseofwaterinstudentsbathrooms.(2010上海)AreducingBtoreduceCreducedDreduc,5.作表语,Hiswishistobecomealawyer.(不定式tobecomealawyer在连系动词is后做表语),5.作表语,注：当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定式作表语可省to。,Hiswishistobecomealawyer.(不定式tobecomealawyer在连系动词is后做表语),5.作表语,注：当主语部分含有实义动词do，不定式作表语可省to。,TheonlythingIcandois(to)wait.,Hiswishistobecomealawyer.(不定式tobecomealawyer在连系动词is后做表语),6.作状语,表示目的。例如：Theyworkedharddayandnighttopaybackthedebt.表示结果。例如：Ihurriedtotheairportonlytofindtheplanehadtakenoff.表示原因。例如：Shefeltdisappointednottoseehim.,WithFathersDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_presentsformydad.AbuyBtobuyCbuyingDtohavebought,_losehisjob，Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident.AInordertonotBInordernottoCTonotDSoasnotto,WithFathersDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_presentsformydad.AbuyBtobuyCbuyingDtohavebought,_losehisjob，Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident.AInordertonotBInordernottoCTonotDSoasnotto,WithFathersDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_presentsformydad.AbuyBtobuyCbuyingDtohavebought,_losehisjob，Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident.AInordertonotBInordernottoCTonotDSoasnotto,WithFathersDayaroundthecorner，Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_presentsformydad.AbuyBtobuyCbuyingDtohavebought,_losehisjob，Tomkeptquietabouttheaccident.AInordertonotBInordernottoCTonotDSoasnotto,(1)作目的状语。不定式作目的状语既可放在句首也可放在句尾。但为了加强语气,也可用“soastodo”或“inordertodo”结构作目的状语。inorderto既可放在句首也可放在句尾，soasto一般不置于句首。,Wewereastonished_thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.AfindingBtofindCfindDtobefind,Wewereastonished_thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.AfindingBtofindCfindDtobefind,Wewereastonished_thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.AfindingBtofindCfindDtobefind,(2)表原因：主语+be/feel+glad/pleased/sad/luckytodo(表示主语产生某种心情的原因）,Thearmchairisverycomfortable_.AtositBtositinCsittinginDforsittingdownWefoundtheexercisedifficult_withoutthehelpoftheEnglishteacher.AtobedoneBtodoCtodoitDofdoing,Thearmchairisverycomfortable_.AtositBtositinCsittinginDforsittingdownWefoundtheexercisedifficult_withoutthehelpoftheEnglishteacher.AtobedoneBtodoCtodoitDofdoing,Thearmchairisverycomfortable_.AtositBtositinCsittinginDforsittingdownWefoundtheexercisedifficult_withoutthehelpoftheEnglishteacher.AtobedoneBtodoCtodoitDofdoing,注：用于“主语be形容词不定式”结构。该结构中的形容词有：easy，difficult，hard，comfortable，fit，convenient，pleasant等，不定式与句子的主语是动宾关系，不定式常用主动形式.,Thearmchairisverycomfortable_.AtositBtositinCsittinginDforsittingdownWefoundtheexercisedifficult_withoutthehelpoftheEnglishteacher.AtobedoneBtodoCtodoitDofdoing,7.作独立成分,7.作独立成分,totellyouthetruth(实话说)，needlesstosay(不用说)，tobehonest/frank(老实说，坦白说)，tobemoreexact(更确切地说)，tomakethings/mattersworse(更糟的是)，nottomention(更不用说),Excercise：Page92（C1）,1.tohaveaninterviewwithMr.White./TohaveaninterviwewithMr.White2.toposttohissister.3.tohavedinner4.tobuysomeeggs5.torepairhiscomputerandreturnhisbooks.,Excercise：Page92（C1）,Readthesentences：,Readthesentences：,Thankstomyfriends,mylifeseemtobegettingeasierandmoreinteresting.,MatthewmaypretendtobemakingfriendswithPeter.,Personally,Ifeelhappytohavemadesomegoodfriends.,HeissaidtohaverecoveredfriendshipwithTom.,DifferentformsofTo-infinitive,不定式还有进行形式(tobedoing)和完成形式(tohavedone)Theyseemtobereadinginthelibrary.(动词不定式tobereading表示动作read正在发生)Imsorrytohavesaidthat.（动词不定式tohavesaidthat表示动作say发生在过去，并且已完成),具体形式:,(以动词do为例）,具体形式:,(以动词do为例）,Bare-infinitive,(1).在主动句中，动词(五看)see,watch,notice,observe,lookat;(三使)make,let,have,(两听)hear,listento;(一感)feel,后的宾语补足语，省去to。,(1).在主动句中，动词(五看)see,watch,notice,observe,lookat;(三使)make,let,have,(两听)hear,listento;(一感)feel,后的宾语补足语，省去to。,Iseehimentertheteachingbuilding.Hewasseentoentertheteachingbuilding.,Whynotwaitforacoupleofdays?,(2)wouldrather，hadbetter,whynot后。如：,Whynotwaitforacoupleofdays?,(2)wouldrather，hadbetter,whynot后。如：,Whynotwaitforacoupleofdays?,Youdbetternotbelate.,IforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenIleft.,IforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenIleft.Wedecidedtostayathomeratherthangotothecinema.,(3)当两个或更多作用相同的不定式由and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan并列使用时，只在第一个不定式前加“to”，后面的省“to”如：,IforgottoturnoffthelightsandclosethedoorwhenIleft.Wedecidedtostayathomeratherthangotothecinema.,2.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing,Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen,Practice,2.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing,Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen,A,Practice,2.-Iusuallygotherebytrain.-Whynot_byboatforachange?A.totrygoingB.tryingtogoC.totryandgoD.trygoing,Shepretended_mewhenIpassedby.A.nottoseeB.notseeingC.tonotseeD.havingnotseen,A,D,Practice,3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see,4.Iwenttoseehim,_himout.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found,3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see,B,4.Iwenttoseehim,_himout.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found,3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,butitremains_whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.see,B,4.Iwenttoseehim,_himout.A.findingB.findC.onlytofindD.found,C,5.Areyougoingtoattendthemeeting_nextSaturday?A.holdingB.holdC.willbeheldD.tobeheld,6.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_thefirstcomputer.A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented,5.Areyougoingtoattendthemeeting_nextSaturday?A.holdingB.holdC.willbeheldD.to