2016年高考英语冲刺讲义(完型)

.精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义学员编号： 年 级：高三 课 时 数：3学员姓名： 辅导科目：英语 学科教师：余英授课类型C专题-完型填空考情分析C专题-完型填空之解题技巧 T能力-完型填空之能力提高授课日期及时段教学内容1、 专题知识梳理知识点1：近五年高考完形考情分析年份内容题材2011留住客户的必要性商务经济类2012人们成功寻求帮助的影响因素分析社会文化类2013经济全球化的利与弊商务经济类2014语言是人类的闲聊工具社会文化类2015人类相互吸引的三大影响因素社会文化类解析：从以上表格看出，高考完形填空的题材以社会文化及商务经济两大类为主，应作为冲刺阶段的复习重点。背爽了它,你的完形填空牛了.1.with the help of 在帮助下 under the leadership/ care of 在领导/关心下2.be strict with sb. 对人要求严格 be strict i知识点2：高考完形填空必备词汇高考英语完型填空必备词汇词性20112012201320142015名词expensebudgetloyaltyrealitysimilarityfriendshipdonationvictimpovertyconflictpopulationoutcomeagreement prospectdescription gossipmotivationinspectionpriorityprinciplevirtuepassionillustrationintension动词emphasizeoverlookensuredenyalterrefusedeserveobtainseekcontributedefineignoreconsumewithdrawconfirmrejectoutlineconcludeconfessextendimposeinvestigatediagnoserecalldistinguishenhance形容词financialeconomicalsensitiveagreeableflexibleamusingplaintalkativetalentedcalmsmoothmaturelocalforeignpoliticalhistoricalvitalsensitiveidealthoughtfulindirectbeneficialintialrandomalertresistantsuperiorinsulting注：在选项中积累词汇是快速积累完型高频词汇的重要方法，尤其是真题中的词汇更是需要引导学生熟练掌握的重要内容。2、 专题精讲2015年上海高考真题If you studied pictures that ancient people left on rock walls and you tried to determine their meaning, you would not detect a deep interest in romance among the artists. 51 , you would see plenty of animals with people running after them. Life for ancient people seemed to center on hunting and gathering wild foods for meals.In modern times, when food is available in grocery stores, finding love is more 52 to peoples lives. The 53 is all around us. It is easy to prepare a list of modern stories having to do with love. An endless number of books and movies qualify as love stories in popular culture.Researchers are studying whether love, a highly valued emotional state, can be 54 . They ask, what is love? Toothpaste companies want us to think attraction is all about clean teeth, but clean teeth go only so far. Scientists wonder how much the brain gets involved. You have probably heard that opposites attract but that 55 attract, too. One thing is certain: The truth about love is not yet set in stone.First ImpressionTo help determine the 56 of attraction, researchers paired 164 college classmates and had them talk for 3, 6 or 10 minutes so they could get a sense of each others individuality. Then students were asked to 57 what kind of relationship they were likely to build with their partners. After nine weeks, they reported what happened.As it turned out, their 58 judgments often held true. Students seemed to 59 at an early stage who would best fit into their lives.The 60 KnowsScientists have also turned to nonhumans to increase understanding of attraction. Many animals give off pheromonesnatural chemicals that can be detected by, and then can produce a response in, other animals of the same species. Pheromones can signal that an animal is either ready to fight or is feeling 61 to partnerships. In contrast, humans do not seem to be as 62 as other animals at detecting such chemicals. Smell, however, does seem to play a part in human attraction. Although we may not be aware of chemicals like pheromones consciously, we give and receive loads of information through smell in every interaction with other people.Face ValueBeing fond of someone seems to have a number of factors, including seeing something we find attractive. Researchers had people judge faces for 63 . The participants had 0.013 seconds to view each face, yet somehow they generally considered the images the same as people who had more time to study the same faces. The way we 64 attractiveness seems to be somewhat automatic.When shown an attractive face and then words with good or bad associations, people responded to 65 words faster after viewing an attractive face. Seeing something attractive seems to cause happy thinking.51. A. InsteadB. ThereforeC. MoreoverD. Otherwise52. A. romanticB. stressful C. centralD. beneficial53. A. priorityB. proofC. possibilityD. principle54. A. testedB. imposedC. changedD. created55. A. appearancesB. virtuesC. similaritiesD. passions56. A. illustrationsB. implicationsC. ingredientsD. intensions57. A. predictB. investigateC. diagnoseD. recall58. A. criticalB. initialC. randomD. mature59. A. memorizeB. distinguishC. negotiateD. question60. A. NoseB. EyeC. HeartD. Hand61. A. openB. alertC. resistantD. superior62. A. disappointedB. amazedC. confusedD. gifted63. A. emotionsB. attractivenessC. individualityD. signals64. A. enhanceB. possessC. maintainD. assess65. A. familiarB. plainC. positiveD. insulting三、专题过关2014年上海高考真题Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films weve just watched or books weve just finished reading, but plain and simple _51_.Language is our greatest treasure as a species, and what do we _52_ do with it? We gossip. About others behaviour and private lives, such as whos doing what with whom, whos in and whos out-and why; how to deal with difficult _53_ situations involving children, lovers, and colleagues.So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural _54_, of both time and words? Or do we talk a lot about nothing in particular simply to avoid facing up to the really important issues of life? Its not the case according to Professor Robin Dunbar. In fact, in his latest book, Grooming, Gossip and the Evolution of Language, the psychologist says gossip is one of these really_55_issues.Dunbar _56_ the traditional view that language was developed by the men at the early stage of social development in order to organize their manly hunting activities more effectively, or even to promote the exchange of poetic stories about their origins and the supernatural. Instead he suggests that language evolved among women. We dont spend two-thirds of our time gossiping just because we can talk, argues Dunbar_57_, he goes on to say, language evolved specifically to allow us to gossip.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the _58_ of the higher primates（灵长类动物）like monkeys. By means of grooming-cleaning the fur by brushing it, monkeys form groups with other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflict within the group or_59_ from outside it.As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar _60_ that at one time in our history we did much the same. Grouping together made sense because the bigger the group, the greater the _61_ it provided; on the other hand, the bigger the group, the greater the stresses of living close to others. Grooming helped to _62_ the pressure and calm everybody down.But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be _63_ to maintain its effectiveness. Clearly, a more _64_ kind of grooming was needed, and thus language evolved as a kind of vocal（有声的）grooming which allowed humans to develop relationship with ever-larger groups by exchanging information over a wider network of individuals than would be possible by one-to-one _65_ contact.51. A. claim B. description C. gossip D. language52. A. occasionally B. habitually C. independently D. originally53. A. social B. political C. historical D. cultural54. A. admirers B. masters C. users D. wasters55. A. vital B. sensitive C. ideal D. difficult56. A. confirms B. rejects C. outlines D. broadens57. A. for instance B. in addition C. on the contrary D. as a result58. A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour59. A. attack B. contact C. inspection D. assistance60. A. recalls B. denies C. concludes D. confesses61. A. prospect B. responsibility C. leadership D. protection62. A. measure B. show C. maintain D. ease63. A. saved B. extended C. consumed D. gained64. A. common B. efficient C. scientific D. thoughtful65. A. indirect B. daily C. physical D. secret四、学法提炼1、专题特点：重点考查学生的文章理解及单词在具体语境中的运用能力。2、解题方法：在把握文章主旨和结构的基础上，从上下文寻找解题线索。3、注意事项：从上下文中的逻辑关系确定选项。一、专题知识梳理-解题技巧汇总一、利用文章首句信息解题【例1】Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization 50 for all? (2013年上海英语高考)50. A. possibleB. smoothC. good D. easy【例2】Everyone in business has been told that success is all about attracting and retaining (留住) customers. It sounds simple and achievable. But, 50 , words of wisdom are soon forgotten.(2011年上海高考英语)50. A. in particular B. in reality C. at least D. first of all【例3】Most people believe they dont have much imagination. They are 50 . Everyone has imagination. (2009年上海高考英语)50. A. wrong B. unbelievable C. reasonable D. realistic二、利用逻辑关系解题【例1】Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually 57 the gap between the rich and poor. (2013年上海高考英语)57. A. finding B. exploring C. bridging D. widening【例2】In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. _56 , in a field study researchers placed a completed application to graduate school in a telephone box at the airport. (2012年上海高考英语)56. A. At first B. Above all C. In addition D. For example【例3】A customer who receives a poor quality product or service on their first visit and 58_ never returns, is losing the company thousands of dollars in potential profits. (2011年上海高考英语)58. A. as a result B. on the whole C. in conclusionD. on the contrary【例4】What is the purpose of the dress rehearsals and the out-of-town previews that many Broadway shows go through? The answer is adding, deleting, replacing, reordering, 51_ revising. (2010年上海高考英语)51. A. in particular B. as a result C. for example D. in other words【例5】Think about your goal and the new possibilities. If your goal is to learn to ski, 60 , you can now practice skiing every day of your life (because you have the time and the money).(2009年上海高考英语)60. A. in fact B. in particular C. as a whole D. for example三、利用词汇复现解题【例1】The measure of helping was whether the individual who found the envelope actually mailed it or not. Results showed that people were more likely to 59 _ the application if the person in the photo was physically attractive. (2012年上海高考英语)59. A. send in B. throw away C. fill out D. turn down【例2】The logic behind cultivating customer 60 is impossible to deny. “In practice most companies marketing effort is focused on getting customers, with little attention paid to keeping them”. (2011年上海高考英语)60. A. beliefs B. loyalty C. habits D. interest【例3】When you revise, you change aspects of your work in response to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information. (2010年上海高考英语)55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh【例4】Do I ever lose sight of my purpose? Have I given my readers all of the 63 that is, facts, opinions. (2010年上海高考英语)63. A. angles B. evidence C. information D. hints四、利用对比信息解题【例1】Small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in 56_ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet. (2013年上海高考英语)56. A. mature B. newC. localD. foreign【例2】When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to 62 and will be crowded out. (2013年上海高考英语)62. A. keep upB. come inC. go aroundD. help out【例3】The photo attached to the application was sometimes that of a very 58 person and sometimes that of a less attractive person. (2012年上海高考英语)58. A. talented B. good-looking C. helpful D. hard-working【例4】Making connections: This technique involves taking 54 ideas and trying to find links between them. (2009年上海高考英语)54. A. familiar B. unrelated C. creative D. imaginary五、利用语义理解解题【例1】A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually 58 from integration into the world economy. (2013年上海高考英语)58. A. suffered B. profitedC. learnedD. withdrawn【例2】_53 to concentrate on retaining as well as attracting customers costs business huge amounts of money annually. (2011年上海高考英语)53. A. Moving B. Hoping C. Starting D. Failing【例3】However, dont make the mistake of skipping the revision stage that follows 58 .(2010年上海高考英语)58. A. drafting B. rearranging C. performing D. training二、专题精讲2013年上海高考真题Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly transforming the world economy into one free-flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization _ 50_ for all?According to the World Bank, one of its chief supporters, economic globalization has helped reduce _51_ in a large number of developing countries. It quotes one study that shows increased wealth _52_ to improved education and longer life in twenty-four developing countries as a result of integration(融合) of local economies into the world economy. Home to some three billion people, these twenty-four countries have seen incomes _53_ at an average rate of five percent - compared to two percent in developed countries.Those who _54_ globalization claim that economies in developing countries will benefit from new opportunities for small and home-based businesses. _55_, small farmers in Brazil who produce nuts that would originally have sold only in _56_ open-air markets can now promote their goods worldwide by the Internet.Critics take a different view, believing that economic globalization is actually _57_ the gap between the rich and poor. A study carried out by the U.N.-sponsored World Commission on the Social Dimension of Globalization shows that only a few developing countries have actually _58_ from integration into the world economy and that the poor, the uneducated, unskilled workers, and native peoples have been left behind. _59_, they maintain(坚持认为) that globalization may eventually threaten emerging businesses(新兴行业). For example, Indian craftsmen who currently seem to benefit from globalization because they are able to _60_ their products may soon face fierce competition that could put them out of _61_. When large-scale manufacturers start to produce the same goods, or when superstores like Wal-Mart move in, these small businesses will not be able to _62_ and will be crowded out.One thing is certain about globalization - there is no _63_. Advances in technology combined with more open policies have already created an interconnected world. The _64_ now is finding a way to create a kind of globalization that works for the benefit of all. 50. A. possible B. smooth C. goodD. easy51. A. crimeB. poverty C. conflictD. population52. A. contributingB. responding C. turningD. owing53. A. remain B. drop C. shift D. increase54. A. doubtB. define C. advocateD. ignore55. A. In addition B. For instanceC. In other wordsD. All in all56. A. mature B. newC. localD. foreign57. A. finding B. exploringC. bridgingD. widening58. A. suffered B. profitedC. learnedD. withdrawn59. A. FurthermoreB. Therefore C. However D. Otherwise60. A. consumeB. deliver C. export D. advertise61. A. trouble B. businessC. power D. mind62. A. keep upB. come inC. go around D. help out63. A. taking offB. getting alongC. holding out D. turning back64. A. agreementB. predictionC. outcomeD. challenge三、专题过关2012年上海高考真题People on a college campus were more likely to give money to the March of Dimes if they were asked for a donation by a disabled woman in a wheelchair than if asked by a nondisabled woman. In another 50 , subway riders in New York saw a man carrying a stick stumble (绊脚) and fall to the floor. Sometimes the victim had a large red birthmark on his 51 ; sometimes he did not. In this situation, the victim was more likely to 52 aid if his face was spotless than if he had an unattractive birthmark. In 53 these and other research findings, two themes are 54 : we are more willing to help people we like for some reason and people we think 55 assistance. In some situations, those who are physically attractive are more likely to receive aid. 56 ,