英语句子结构分析.1ppt课件VIP

.,英语句子成分和英语句子结构讲解及练习,.,1.主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（名词）Helikesdancing.（代词）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(数词)Seeingisbelieving.（动名词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主语从句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）,.,(一）指出下列句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.,.,谓语（predicate）：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词或者动词词组担任，放在主语的后面。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词Idontlikethepictureonthewall.A.dontB.likeC.pictureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer,.,Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon,.,3.宾语：1）动宾表示行为的对象，常由名词或者代词担任。放在及物动词或者介词之后。如：IlikeChina.（名词）Hehatesyou.（代词）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（数词）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（宾语从句）,.,2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-介宾Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.,3）双宾语-间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney,.,(四)划出下列句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?,.,划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?,.,5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名词）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere.（名词）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容词）Wefoundnobodyin.(副词),.,Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（介词短语）Dontlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（带to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（现在分词）Illhavemybikerepaired.（过去分词）,.,(五)划出下列句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?,.,3.表语（predicative）：系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。Heisateacher.（名词）Fiveandfiveisten.（数词）Heisasleep.（形容词）Hisfatherisin.（副词）Thepictureisonthewall.(介词短语)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容词化的分词）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表语从句）,.,（常见的系动词有:be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来)，smell（闻起来）,taste（尝、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感觉），become,turn,get,growItsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.,.,(三)挑出下列句中的表语Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.,.,6.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.（名词）Heisourfriend.（代词）Webelongtothethirdworld.（数词）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容词）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副词)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介词)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（现在分词）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（过去分词）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定语从句）,.,(六)挑出下列句中的定语Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ItalkedwithamendressedinblueT-shirt.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.,.,7.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。（以下例句按上述顺序排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.,.,(七)挑出下列句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.,.,8.同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、