可用高中英语被动语态VIP

.,GrammarThePassiveVoice,.,语态(voice)是个语法范畴，它是一种动词形式，表示动词的主语与该动词所表示的动作之间的主动和被动关系。当主语是动作的执行者时，动词用主动语态（ActiveVoice）；如果主语是动作的承受者，动词便用被动语态（PassiveVoice）。,Wecleanedtheclassroomyesterday.昨天我们打扫了教室。Theclassroomwascleanedbyusyesterday.昨天教室被我们打扫了。,一、被动语态的定义：,.,二、被动语态的一般结构：,即：be+done(+by),“be+及物动词的过去分词”,HamletwaswrittenbyShakespeare.哈姆雷特是莎士比亚写的。Thetaskhasbeenfinished.任务已经完成了。,.,WespeakEnglish.,主语,谓语,宾语,Englishisspokenbyus.,主语,谓语,宾语,主动语态,被动语态,.,一般现在时：am/is/aredone一般过去时：was/weredone现在进行时：am/is/arebeingdone过去进行时：was/werebeingdone现在完成时：have/hasbeendone过去完成时：hadbeendone一般将来时：shall/willbedone;begoingtobedone当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为can/must/havetobedone,Heisregardedasabrilliantscientist.他被认为是一位才华横溢的科学家。,Thisbookwaswrittenin1969.这本书是1969年写成的。,Thebrokenbikeisbeingrepairednow.那辆坏了的自行车正在被修理。,Hetoldusthecatwasbeingwashedwhenwecalledhim.他告诉我们打电话时他正在给猫洗澡。,Thepenhasbeenusedforseveralyears.这支钢笔已经用了几年。,Hesaidthefactoryhadbeenopened.他说这家工厂已经开张。,Theworkwillbefinishedinthreehours.工作将于三小时后完成。,Thebabymustbelookedafterwell.这孩子必须被好好照顾。,三、各种时态的被动语态：,.,PeoplespeakEnglishalmostallovertheworld.世界各地都有人讲英语。,Englishisspokenalmostallovertheworld.,1含有单宾语的句子转换：,四、主动变被动中的几个问题：,.,2.含有双宾语的句子转换,多将间接宾语改为主语。,IgavethebooktoMr.Smithyesterday.昨天我给了史密斯先生一本书。,ThebookwasgiventoMr.Smithyesterday(byme).,Mr.Smithwasgivenabookyesterday(byme).,Mymotherwillbuymeacoatnextweek.变为被动语态,1.Acoatwillbeboughtformenextweek(bymymother).,2.Iwillbeboughtacoatnextweek(bymymother).,.,3.当动词后有复合宾语，变被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语即可，其它不变。,Thebossfoundacooksmokinginthekitchen.Acookwasfoundsmokinginthekitchen.4.“getdone”也可表示被动语态，此结构比较口语化。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.Shegotmarriedlastweek.,.,Peoplebelievethatheisanhonestboy.大家认为他是个诚实的孩子。,Itisbelievedthatheisanhonestboy.,Theboyisbelievedtobeanhonestone.,方法1)把宾语从句里的主语变成被动句的主语，同时把宾语从句中的谓语变成不定式短语。,方法2)用先行的it作形式主语，把宾语从句变成后置的主语从句；,5.当主动句的宾语是that引导的宾语从句，可转换为两种形式的被动句。,练习：Weallthinkthatwecouldwinthegame.,wearethoughttowinthegame.,Itisthoughtthatwecouldwinthegame.,.,以上即是汉语中含有“据说”、“据悉”、“据报道”、“有人说”、“大家说”等句式。Itissaidthatonedayheclimbedtothetopofahouse.ItisreportedthathermotherdiedofSARS.众所周知Itiswellknownthat据推测说Itissupposedthat,.,6.含有动词短语的句子转换。,Theyhaveneverlistenedtohim.,他们从不听他的话。,Hehasneverbeenlistenedto.,练习：Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.,Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.,注意：含动词词组的被动语态，须将其看作一个整体，不可把它们分隔开来,不要丢漏动词短语中的副词或介词。,.,Hemademedothework.,Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.,6.主动句中动词不带to,但在被动句中带to的几种情况：,练习：Weheardhimsaygood-byetohisfriends.,Hewasheardtosaygood-byetohisfriends.,注意：make,let,have/feel,hear,see,watch等词在主动句中动词不带to,但在被动句中要带to,.,五、主动形式也可以表示被动意义的几种情况：,1、主语是物，谓语是表示主语特征或属性的不及物动词。常见的这类动词有write,read,wear,wash,clean,sell,run等。这些动词常与副词smoothly,easily,well,badly等连用。例如：,Themachinerunswell.Thispenwritesquitesmoothly.Thiskindofbooksellswell.,?,.,2、表示主语状态特征的连系动词：look,feel,smell,taste,sound,prove,appear等。例如：,Doyoulikethematerial?Yes,it_(feel)verysoft.,Yourideasoundsreasonable.Whathesaidprovedtobecorrect.,.,3.不及物动词和某些短语。happen,last,begin,stop,open,takeplace,breakout,comeabout,belongto,runout等.,(1)Worldwarbrokeoutin1937.(2)Theshopopensat6ameveryday.4.在need,want,require,deserve等词后用动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，也可用不定式的被动形式。Thematterwantslookinginto.Thematterwantstobelookedinto.,.,5.beworth后接动名词的主动式表示被动意义。但可用beworthytobedone或beworthyofbeingdone,1.Hissuggestionisnotworthconsidering.,2.Thefilmiswellworthseeing.,3.Thefilmisworthytobeseen/ofbeingseen.,.,6.不定式在difficult,easy,hard,safe,good,fit,light等形容词之后作状语，且和句子主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动式表被动义。Thebookiseasytounderstand.Themorningairisfreshtobreathe.Thegirliseasytogetalongwith.7.不定式作后置定语，与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系，又和该句主语或宾语构成主谓关系，用主动式表被动义。Shehassomethingtosay.Iwillgivehimsomethingtodrink.,.,8.某些作表语用的不定式，强调出租，责备，解雇等，此类常用的动词有let,hire,blame等。AmItoblame?我该受罚吗?Thehouseistolet.这房屋出租。9.非谓语动词的被动情况。Thehousetobebuiltnextyearisourlab.Thehousebeingbuiltnowisourlab.Thehousebuiltlastyearisourlab.beingdone/tobedone/donehavingbeendonetohavebeendone,.,高考直击：,1.Anexhibitionofpaintings_(hold)atthemuseumnextweek2.Everypossiblemeans_(try),butnone_(prove)successful3.Thequestionheaskedishard_(answer)4.Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasium_(complete)inBeijing.5Morethanadozenstudentsinthatschool(send)abroadtostudymedicinelastyear.6.Sarah,hurryup.Imafraidyouwouldnthavetimeto(change)beforetheparty.,练习,istobeheld,hasbeentried,proves,toanswer,hadbeencompleted,weresent,getchanged,.,7.Rainforests(cut)andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthefuture.8.Ifeelitisyourhusbandwho_(blame)forthespoiledchild.9.Greatchanges_(takeplace)inthecity,andalotoffactories_(setup)inthepastfewyears.10.Thefootballmatch_(hold)inourschoolnextweek.,arebeingcut,istoblame,havetakenplace,havebeensetup,isgoingtobeheld,.,II.下列句子均有一处错误，请改正。1.Dontworry!Youwillnotbelaughedforthat.2.Thefilmissointerestingthatitwillwatchagainandagain.3.Ipromisethismatterwillbetakecareof.,laughed后加at,watchbewatched,taketaken,.,4.Themanwhogivesordersisinthechargeofthearmy.5.HeisluckyenoughtobeadmittedtoavolunteerofthecomingOlympicGames.,toas,去掉第二个the,.,实战应用：,Welcometoourschool.Idliketointroduceyoutheplansforourschool.Alotofwork_(do)inthepastfewyears.Thelibrary_(complete)andisreadyforuse.Butwestillhavetodomorework.Anewbiologylab_(build)thisyear.Butwedonothaveenoughmoneyfortheequipment.Studentsinallgrades_(collect)money.Aparty_(plan)fortheendofthisterm.Themoneywhichiscollected_(spend)onnewequipment.Atpresent,plans_(make)forapartyattheendofthesummerterm.Thegardensoftheschool_(improve)thisyear.Newtrees_(plant)whichwillsoong