罗立胜-学术综合英语Unit7.ppt

main,Unit7DishonoringtheHonorSystem,2012,PartASectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformation,Pre-listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,Listening,AssassinationAnassassinationisthetargetedkillingofapublicfigure,usuallyforpoliticalpurposes.Assassinationsmaybepromptedbyreligious,ideological,political,ormilitaryreasons.Additionally,assassinsmaybemotivatedbyfinancialgain,revenge,orpersonalpublicrecognition.Assassinationmayalsorefertothegovernment-sanctionedkillingofopponentsortotargetedattacksonhigh-profileenemycombatants.,LISTENING,SectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformation,Pre-listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,Listening,Infigurativeusage,theword“assassination”mayalsobeusedincolloquialspeechasahyperbole,asinthephrase“characterassassination,”meaninganattempttoimpugnanotherscharacter,andthuskill(“assassinate”)hisreputationandcredibility.,LISTENING,SectionAPre-listening-BackgroundInformation,ParliamentAparliamentisalegislature,especiallyinthosecountrieswhosesystemofgovernmentisbasedontheWestminstersystemmodeledafterthatoftheUnitedKingdom.ThenameisderivedfromtheFrenchparlement,theactionofparler(tospeak):aparlementisadiscussion.Thetermthencametomeanameetingatwhichsuchadiscussiontookplace.Itacquireditsmodernmeaningasitcametobeusedforthebodyofpeople(inaninstitutionalsense)whowouldmeettodiscussmattersofstate.,Pre-listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,Listening,LISTENING,SectionA.NewWordsandExpressions,disabled身体有残疾的emancipation解放assassinate暗杀launch发动；开展memorial纪念碑；纪念馆shunt把撇在一边,Pre-listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,Listening,LISTENING,SectionAListenTask1,Pre-listening,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,PartA,PartB,Listening,OpeningSpeechfortheUKsFirstDisabledPeoplesParliament,ApersonisgoingtogiveanopeningspeechfortheUKsfirstDisabledPeoplesParliamentandthispersonisgoingtolinkitwithMartinLutherKingsfamousspeechIHaveaDream.,PartB,LISTENING,SectionAListenTask1,Pre-listening,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,PartA,PartB,Listening,TheBritishCouncilofDisabledPeople.,DisabledpeopleintheUK.,8,500,000.,Blackpeople.,Disabledpeople.,LISTENING,Task2.1,Pre-listening,Listening,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,PartA,PartB,Listentothespeechagainandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.,1.On28August,beforetheinWashington,MartinLutherKinggavehisfamous“IHaveaDream”speech.2.Kingsaid“Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedby.”,1963,_,LincolnMemorial,_,thecolouroftheirskin,_,oftheircharacter,thecontent,butby,LISTENING,3.Thespeakeradvocatesaworldinwhichtobuildings,transportandtheenvironmentexistnolongeranddisabledpeoplehavetherightto.4.Thespeakerhopesthatwewillautomaticallysupportdisabledpeopletoliveinthecommunitywhoshouldnolongerfearbeingshuntedintoresidentialhomes.5.Inthespeakersworld,disabledpeoplewillnotbejudgedbytheirbodiesandpeoplewithlearningdisabilitieswillnotbefromhotelsandrestaurantsbecauseofprejudice.,Task2.1,Pre-listening,Listening,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,PartA,PartB,barriers,thephysical,mobilityandmovement,_,againsttheirwishes,_,theshapeof,_,turnedaway,_,LISTENING,Script,OpeningSpeechfortheUKsFirstDisabledPeoplesParliamentIamdelightedandhonouredtobeheretodaytoopentheUKsfirstDisabledPeoplesParliament.IwouldliketobeginbythankingtheBritishCouncilofDisabledPeopleforallyoureffortsinlaunchingthisimportantinitiativeandtothankyou,thefirstmembersoftheParliamentdisabledpeoplewhoarepassionateenoughaboutthesituationoftheeightandahalfmillionofusinthiscountryforcommittingyourselvestofightinginourname.,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,LetmestartbysayingthatIthinktodayisoneofhistoricimportanceintheemancipationofdisabledpeopleandourdeterminationtoseizecontrolofourownlives.On28August1963,beforetheLincolnMemorialinWashington,MartinLutherKinggavehisfamous“IHaveaDream”speech.Fiveyearslaterhetoldushehadseenthepromisedlandandthenextdayhewasassassinated.Sowhatwasthatdream?Inmanywaysitwasmodestenough.Hedidntcallforrevolution.Hewantedformerslavesandsonsofformerslaveownerstosittogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.Hedreamtoffreedomandjustice.Hesaid“Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveina,Script,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Script,nationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecolouroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday!”IfKingwerewithustodayandweaskedhimtospeakondisabilityIthinkhemightsaythathehasanotherdream.Adreamofaworldinwhichdisabledpeoplearenotjudgedbytheshapeofourbodies,orinwhichpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiesarenottobeturnedawayfromhotelsandrestaurantsbecauseofprejudice.Hemightdreamofaworldinwhichthephysicalbarrierstobuildings,transportandtheenvironmentexistnolonger,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Script,anddisabledpeoplehavetherighttomobilityandmovement.Hemightdreamofaworldinwhichweautomaticallysupportdisabledpeopletoliveinthecommunity,whoshouldnolongerfearbeingshuntedintoresidentialhomesagainsttheirwishes.Kinghadhisdream.Wecanhaveoursandwecanmakeourdreamcometrue.ThisParliament,whichIamproudtoopentoday,isonemoresteptoachievingthatdream.Letslivethedream.Thankyou.,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Script2,OpeningSpeechfortheUKsFirstDisabledPeoplesParliamentIamdelightedandhonouredtobeheretodaytoopentheUKsfirstDisabledPeoplesParliament.IwouldliketobeginbythankingtheBritishCouncilofDisabledPeopleforallyoureffortsinlaunchingthisimportantinitiativeandtothankyou,thefirstmembersoftheParliamentdisabledpeoplewhoarepassionateenoughaboutthesituationoftheeightandahalfmillionofusinthiscountryforcommittingyourselvestofightinginourname.,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Script,PartA,PartB,LetmestartbysayingthatIthinktodayisoneofhistoricimportanceintheemancipationofdisabledpeopleandourdeterminationtoseizecontrolofourownlives.On28August1963,beforetheLincolnMemorialinWashington,MartinLutherKinggavehisfamous“IHaveaDream”speech.Fiveyearslaterhetoldushehadseenthepromisedlandandthenextdayhewasassassinated.Sowhatwasthatdream?Inmanywaysitwasmodestenough.Hedidntcallforrevolution.Hewantedformerslavesandsonsofformerslaveownerstosittogetheratthetableofbrotherhood.Hedreamtoffreedomandjustice.Hesaid“Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveina,LISTENING,Script,nationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecolouroftheirskinbutbythecontentoftheircharacter.Ihaveadreamtoday!”IfKingwerewithustodayandweaskedhimtospeakondisabilityIthinkhemightsaythathehasanotherdream.Adreamofaworldinwhichdisabledpeoplearenotjudgedbytheshapeofourbodies,orinwhichpeoplewithlearningdisabilitiesarenottobeturnedawayfromhotelsandrestaurantsbecauseofprejudice.Hemightdreamofaworldinwhichthephysicalbarrierstobuildings,transportandtheenvironmentexistnolonger,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Script,anddisabledpeoplehavetherighttomobilityandmovement.Hemightdreamofaworldinwhichweautomaticallysupportdisabledpeopletoliveinthecommunity,whoshouldnolongerfearbeingshuntedintoresidentialhomesagainsttheirwishes.Kinghadhisdream.Wecanhaveoursandwecanmakeourdreamcometrue.ThisParliament,whichIamproudtoopentoday,isonemoresteptoachievingthatdream.Letslivethedream.Thankyou.,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,SectionBBackgroundInformation,NewSouthWalesNewSouthWalesislocatedinthesouth-eastofAustralia.ItisthemostpopulousstateofthecountrywithSydneyasitscapital.Mostofthestatehasanaridorsemi-aridclimate.However,mostoftheeasternportionhasatemperate,wetclimate.Itishometoanumberofculturalinstitutionsofimportancetothenation,suchasSydneyOperaHouseandCityRecitalHall.Furthermore,throughoutAustralianhistory,sportingteamsfromNewSouthWaleshavebeenverysuccessfulinbothwinningdomesticcompetitionsandprovidingplayerstotheAustraliannationalteams.,Pre-listening,Listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,L-B-P.2,NewSouthWales,SydneyOperaHouse,Pre-listening,Listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,TorresStrait,LISTENING,L-B-P.3,TheTorresStraitisabodyofwaterwhichliesbetweenAustraliaandtheMelanesianislandofNewGuinea.Itisapproximately150kmwideatitsnarrowestextent.ThestraitisnamedafterLuisVezdeTorres,aSpanishsailorwhowasthefirstEuropeantosuccessfullysailthroughthestraitinlate1606.,Pre-listening,Listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,L-B-P.NewWordsandExpressions,Gday日安（澳大利亚英语Goodday的缩略形式）spectator观众TorresStrait托雷斯海峡（在澳大利亚与伊里安岛之间）NewSouthWales新南威尔士Aboriginal土著（尤指澳大利亚土著）的creed信仰,Pre-listening,Listening,NewWordsandExpressions,BackgroundInformation,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,Task1,YouaretolistentoaspeechgivenattheopeningceremonyoftheSydney2000OlympicGamesbyIOCPresidentJuanAntonioSamaranch.,Sidney,Pre-listening,Listening,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,PartA,PartB,OpeningSpeechfortheSydney2000OlympicGames,LISTENING,Task1,Listentothespeechandtrytogetitsmainideasbytakingnotes.Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtoyournotes.,1.Whatwasthepurposeofthisspeech?,Pre-listening,Listening,PartA,PartB,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,TodeclaretheopeningoftheOlympicGamesofthenewmillennium.,2.Wherewerethe2000SummerOlympicGamesheld?,InSydney,Australia.,3.HowmanycenturiesagoweretheOlympicGamesstarted?,25centuries.,LISTENING,Task1,Pre-listening,Listening,PartA,PartB,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,4.WhowasthefounderofthemodernOlympicGames?,AFrenchmancalledPierredeCoubertin.,TheGovernorGeneralofAustralia.,5.WhomdoesthespeakerinvitetoproclaimtheopeningofthisOlympicGames?,LISTENING,Task2,Pre-listening,Listening,PartA,PartB,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,Listentothespeechagainandtrytofillintheblanksandanswerthequestion.,A.Thespeakerexpresseshisgratitude:1.TothepeopleandgovernmentofAustralia,NewSouthWales,Sydneyand,fortheirfriendlywelcomeandhospitality;2.ToSydney2000foroftheGames;3.ToforitsdedicationtoOlympism;4.Tothethousandsoffortheirexceptionalservices;,allothercommunitiesinvolved,_,theexcellentpreparation,_,theAustralianOlympicCommittee,_,volunteers,_,LISTENING,Task2,Pre-listening,Listening,PartA,PartB,Task1ListenandTakeNotes,Task2ListenforDetails,5.TothefortheircontributiontopresentingtheGamestotheworld;6.TofortheirsupportandtheirbeliefintheOlympicideal;7.Toallhereandtelevisionviewersaroundtheworld;8.Andtoallthosewhoagreatcountry,withspecialtributetoAboriginalandTorresStraightIslandpeople.,massmedia,_,thepartnersandsponsors,_,sport-lovingspectators,_,havemadeAustraliawhatitistoday,_,B.Whatisthemeaningofthephrase“backdownunder”?,Itmeans“backtoorinAustralia”.,_,LISTENING,ThepeopleandgovernmentofAustralia,NewSouthWales,Sydneyandallothercommunitiesinvolved,fortheirfriendlywelcomeandhospitality;,L-B-L.1Script,OpeningSpeechfortheSydney2000OlympicGamesGdaySydney!GdayAustralia!Yes,theOlympicGamesarebackdownunder.TonightwearegatheredtogethertocelebratetheGamesofthenewmillennium,theathletesGames,auniquetraditionthatcantraceitsoriginsbackover2,500yearstoancientOlympia.Welcometotheathletesoftheworld.Welcometo28InternationalSportsFederationsand199NationalOlympicCommittees.Ourgratitudemustgoto:,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,Sydney2000fortheexcellentpreparationoftheGames;TheAustralianOlympicCommitteeforitsdedicationtoOlympism;ThethousandsofvolunteersfortheirexceptionalservicesyouhavemadetheGamespossible;ThemassmediafortheircontributiontopresentingtheGamestotheworld;OurpartnersandsponsorsfortheirsupportandtheirbeliefintheOlympicideal;Andalsotoallofyou,sport-lovingspectatorshereandtelevisionviewersaroundtheworld.,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,Finally,IwouldliketoexpressourrespecttoallthosewhohavemadeAustraliawhatitistodayagreatcountry,withspecialtributetoAboriginalandTorresStraightIslandpeople.TheOlympicGamesareunique.Theyunifymenandwomenofalloriginsandcreeds.Thecontributionofsporttotheunderstandingandunityofoursocietyisextraordinary.SportandtheOlympicMovementarealsoanessentialpartofeducation,whichistherealwealthofanycountryintheworld.TheentireOlympicMovementwouldliketopaytributetoGreece,cradleoftheOlympicideal,whosetraditiongoesbackmorethan25centuries.Wewouldalsoliketohonourthememory,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,oftheFrenchmanPierredeCoubertin,founderofthemodernOlympicGames.Toalltheathletesoftheworld,goodluck!AndIalsowouldliketothankDawnFraserforbeingwithmethisevening!InowhavethehonourofinvitingtheGovernorGeneralofAustraliatoproclaimtheGamesofthe2000OlympiadinSydney,thefirstGamesofthenewmillennium,open.,LISTENING,ThepeopleandgovernmentofAustralia,NewSouthWales,Sydneyandallothercommunitiesinvolved,fortheirfriendlywelcomeandhospitality;,OpeningSpeechfortheSydney2000OlympicGamesGdaySydney!GdayAustralia!Yes,theOlympicGamesarebackdownunder.TonightwearegatheredtogethertocelebratetheGamesofthenewmillennium,theathletesGames,auniquetraditionthatcantraceitsoriginsbackover2,500yearstoancientOlympia.Welcometotheathletesoftheworld.Welcometo28InternationalSportsFederationsand199NationalOlympicCommittees.Ourgratitudemustgoto:,L-B-L.1Script2,PartA,PartB,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,Sydney2000fortheexcellentpreparationoftheGames;TheAustralianOlympicCommitteeforitsdedicationtoOlympism;ThethousandsofvolunteersfortheirexceptionalservicesyouhavemadetheGamespossible;ThemassmediafortheircontributiontopresentingtheGamestotheworld;OurpartnersandsponsorsfortheirsupportandtheirbeliefintheOlympicideal;Andalsotoallofyou,sport-lovingspectatorshereandtelevisionviewersaroundtheworld.,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,Finally,IwouldliketoexpressourrespecttoallthosewhohavemadeAustraliawhatitistodayagreatcountry,withspecialtributetoAboriginalandTorresStraightIslandpeople.TheOlympicGamesareunique.Theyunifymenandwomenofalloriginsandcreeds.Thecontributionofsporttotheunderstandingandunityofoursocietyisextraordinary.SportandtheOlympicMovementarealsoanessentialpartofeducation,whichistherealwealthofanycountryintheworld.TheentireOlympicMovementwouldliketopaytributetoGreece,cradleoftheOlympicideal,whosetraditiongoesbackmorethan25centuries.Wewouldalsoliketohonourthememory,LISTENING,L-B-L.1Script,oftheFrenchmanPierredeCoubertin,founderofthemodernOlympicGames.Toalltheathletesoftheworld,goodluck!AndIalsowouldliketothankDawnFraserforbeingwithmethisevening!InowhavethehonourofinvitingtheGovernorGeneralofAustraliatoproclaimtheGamesofthe2000OlympiadinSydney,thefirstGamesofthenewmillennium,open.,LISTENING,PartB-PairWork.1,Formpairsandanswerthefollowingquestions.Afterabriefdiscussion,somestudentswillbeinvitedtopresenttheirideasinfrontoftheclass.,1.SaysomethingaboutOlympicGames.,PairWork,SPEAKING,PartB-PairWork.2,2.SaysomethingaboutParalympicGames.,PairWork,SPEAKING,PartB-PairWork.11,1.TheOlympicGamesoriginatedfromancientGreece.IntheancientGreekOlympics,onlymenwereallowedtoparticipateinit.The2008OlympicswasheldinBeijing,China.ModernOlympicsbeganin1896throughtheeffortsofaFrenchman,PierredeCoubertin.TheAtlantaOlympicswerethefirsttomakeprofitsoutoftheGames.OntheopeningoftheOlympicGames,atorch-lightingceremonywillbeheld.TheOlympicVillageisbuiltforathletesaccommodation.,PairWork,SPEAKING,PartB-PairWork.11,TheOlympicswerenotheldfor3timesinhistorybecauseofworldwars.Atameetingin1925,theIOCofficiallysanctionedtheOlympicWinterGamesanddeclaredthecompetitionatChamonixin1924thefirstOlympicWinterGames.TheInternationalOlympicCommitteeisinchargeoftheOlympicaffairs.InselectingthesiteoftheOlympicGames,theIOCconsidersanumberoffactors.Chiefamongthemiswhichcityhas,orpromisestooffer,thebestfacilities.TheIOCalsoconsiderswhichpartsoftheworldhavenotyethostedtheGames.,PairWork,SPEAKING,PartB-PairWork.11,TheParalympicGamesareamajorinternationalmulti-sporteventforathleteswithphysicaldisabilities.Thisincludesathleteswithmobilitydisabilities,amputations,blindness,andCerebralPalsy.TheParalympicGamesareheldeveryfouryears,followingtheOlympicGames,andaregovernedbytheInternationalParalympicCommittee(IPC).TheParalympicGamesaresometimesconfusedwiththeSpecialOlympicsWorldGames,whichareonlyforpeoplewithintellectualdisabilities.TheParalympicshavegrownfromasmallcollectionofBritishWorldWarIIveteransin1948tothesecond-largestinternationalsporteventin2008.,PairWork,SPEAKING,BeforeReading,Watchavideoclipanddiscussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.1)Whatdoyouthinkofthecheatinginthevideo?2)Whatcausecheatinginourdailylife?,BeforeReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,READING,R-A-1.1,BeforeReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,READING,R-B-T1,DishonoringtheHonorSystemFredGuterlJanHendrikSchnssuccessseemedtoogoodtobetrue,anditwas.InonlyfouryearsasaphysicistatBellLaboratories,Schn,32,hadco-authored90scientificpapersoneevery16daysdetailingnewdiscoveriesinsuperconductivity,lasers,nanotechnologyandquantumphysics.Thisoutputastonishedhiscolleagues,andmadethemsuspicious.Whenoneco-workernoticedthatthesametableofdataappearedintwoseparatepaperswhichalsohappenedtoappearinthetwomostprestigiousscientificjournalsintheworld,ScienceandNaturethejigwasup.InOctober2002,aBellLabsinvestigationfoundthatSchnhadfalsifiedandfabricateddata.Hiscareerasascientistwasfinished.,BeforeReading,DetailedReading,AfterReading,READING,R-B-T2,IfitsoundsalotlikethefallofHwangWooSuktheSouthKoreanresearcherwhofabricatedhisevidenceaboutcloninghumancellsitis.Scientificscandals,whichareasoldasscienceitself,tendtofollowsimilarpatternsofhubrisandcomeuppance.Afterwards,colleagueswringtheirhandsandwonderhowsuchmalfeasancecanbeavoidedinthefuture.Butitneverisentirely.Scienceisbuiltonthehonorsystem;themethodofpeerreview,inwhichmanuscriptsareevaluatedbyexpertsinthefield,isnotmeanttocatchcheats.Inrecentyears,ofcourse,thepressureonscientiststopublishinthetopjournalshasincreased,makingthejournalsthatmuchmorecrucialtocareersuccess.ThequestionsraisedanewbyHwangsfallarewhetherNatureandSciencehavebecometoopowerfulasarbitersofwhatsciencereachesthepublic,andwhetherthejournalsareuptotheirtaskasgatekeepers.,BeforeReading,Det