初中英语现在完成时考点分析及专项训练

初中英语现在完成时考点分析及专项训练【考点分析】考点一：考查基本概念例：Both his parents look sad .Maybe they_whats happened to him .Aknew Bhave known Cmust know Dwill know【解析】现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B。考点二：考查时间状语例1：He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?Aalready Bnever Cever Dstill例2：Have you met Mr Li _？Ajust Bago Cbefore Da moment ago例3：The famous writer _ one new book in the pasttwo year .Ais writing Bwas writing CwroteDhas written例4：-Our country _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ .Ahas changed; well Bchanged; goodChas changed; better Dchanged; better例5：Zhao Lan _already _in this school fortwo years .Awas; studying Bwill; studyChas; studied Dare; studying例6：We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl.Aknow Bhad known Chave knownDknew例7：Harry Potter is a very nice film.I_it twice .Awill seeBhave seenCsawDsee【解析】现在完成时的时间状语常有如下四类：（1）现在完成时常与already（已经）just（刚刚，正好）ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不）before（以前）yet（仍然）等连用。故例1应选B；例2应选C。（2）现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/last + 一段时间等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的。故例3应选D，例4应选C。（3）现在完成时时常与“for +时间段或since +过去时间点”连用（含从句，从句过去时）。故例5应选C，例6应选C。（4）现在完成时还与once（一次），twice（两次），three times（三次），several times（几次）等表示重复次数的词语连用。故例7应选B。考点三：考查与一般过去时的区别例1：-These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _ there ?Awill they go Bdid they goCdo they go Dhave they gone例2：-_ you _ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _ it a moment ago .ADid; do; finished BHave; done; finishedCHave; done; have finished Dwill; do; finish【解析】现在完成时与一般过去时容易混淆，就是因为它们所表示的动作都发生在过去，但二者又有区别：一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事、存在的状态或经常发生的动作，说话的侧重点在于陈述一件过去的事情，与现在没有关系；现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它不与表示过去的时间状语（如yesterday,last week,a moment ago等）连用。故例1、2的正确答案皆为B。考点四：考查非延续性动词的用法例1：His father _ the Party since 1978 .Ajoined Bhas joined Cwas in Dhas been in例2：-Do you know him well ?- Sure.We _friends since ten years ago .Awere Bhave been Chave becomeDhave made例3：-How long have you _ here ?-About two months .Abeen Bgone Ccome Darrived例4：Hurry up!The play _ for ten minutes .Ahas begun Bhad begunChas been on Dbegan例5：His uncle died two years ago.（改变句子,句意不变）His uncle has _ for two years例6：Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同义句）Her mother_the Party three years _ .例7：It _ten years since he left the army .Ais Bhas Cwill Dwas【解析】现在完成时中，非延续性动词不能与for和since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用,通常是用相应的延续性动词来代替。常用的非延续性动词及替代形式如下：close-be closed, put onwear, open-be openget up-be up, finish/endbe over, lose-belost,marry-be married（to），fall asleep/ go to sleep -be asleep （sleep）,get to know- know come/arrive-be here/in ,come/get back-be back , go/leave-be away , become -be, borrow -keep ,buy-have , begin/start-be on ,die-be dead , join-be in，catch a cold- have a cold等，故例1、2、3、4的正确答案依次为：D、B、A、C。例5应填been dead 。其次，可以用相应的延续性动词的过去时表示，故例6应填joined；ago。再次，还可用It is + 一段时间since从句来表示，故例应选A。考点五：考查词组have/has been in / to与have/has gone to的区别例1：Miss Green isnt in the office.she_to the library .Ahas goneBwent Cwill go Dhas been例2：My parents _Shandong for ten years .Ahave been in Bhave been toChave gone to Dhave been【解析】“have/has gone to + 地点”表示“某人去了某地（还未回来）”,指主语所指的人不在这儿。“have/has been in + 地点”表示“在某地呆了多长时间”，常与表示时间的状语连用。“have/has been to +地点”表示“曾经去过某地（但现在已不在那儿）。”故例1、2的正确答案皆为A.【专项练习】一、单项选择。1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _whats happened to him .Aknew Bhave known Cmust know Dwill know2、He has _ been to Shanghai , has he ?Aalready Bnever Cever Dstill3、Have you met Mr Li _？Ajust Bago Cbefore Da moment ago4、The famous writer _ one new book in the past two year .Ais writing Bwas writing Cwrote Dhas written5、-Our country _ a lot so far .-Yes . I hope it will be even _ .Ahas changed ; well Bchanged ; goodChas changed ; better Dchanged ; better6、Zhao Lan _already _in this school for two years .Awas ; studying Bwill ; studyChas ; studied Dare ; studying7、We _ Xiao Li since she was a little girl .Aknow Bhad known Chave known Dknew8、Harry Potter is a very nice film .I_ it twice .Awill see Bhave seen Csaw Dsee9、-These farmers have been to the United States .-Really ? When _ there ?Awill they go Bdid they goCdo they go Dhave they gone10、-_ you _ your homework yet ?-Yes . I _ it a moment ago .ADid ; do ; finished BHave ; done ; finishedCHave ; done ; have finished Dwill ; do ; finish11、His father _ the Party since 1978 .Ajoined Bhas joined Cwas in Dhas been in12、-Do you know him well ?- Sure .We _ friends since ten years ago .Awere Bhave been Chave become Dhave made13、-How long have you _ here ?-About two months .Abeen Bgone Ccome Darrived14、Hurry up! The play _ for ten minutes .Ahas begun Bhad begunChas been on Dbegan15、It _ ten years since he left the army .Ais Bhas Cwill Dwas16、Miss Green isnt in the office . she_ to the library .Ahas gone Bwent Cwill go Dhas been17、My parents _ Shandong for ten years .Ahave been in Bhave been toChave gone to Dhave been18、The students have cleaned the classroom, ?Aso they Bdont they Chave they Dhavent they19、 has Mr White been a member of Greener China since he to China?AHow soon, comes BHow often, gotCHow long, came DHow far, arrived20、His uncle for more than 9 years.Ahas come here Bhas started to workChas lived there Dhas left the university【答案】1、现在完成时主要强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，或过去发生的动作还未结束，一直持续到现在或将来，重点在于对现在的影响。这种考查难度较大，往往无时间状语，需要从上下文分析、推理才行。故上两侧根据上下文分析、推理，正确答案是B.2、现在完成时常与already（已经），just（刚刚，正好），ever（曾经），never（从来，也不；从不），before（以前），yet（仍然）等连用。故2应选B.3、C4、现在完成时常与recently（近来），so far（到目前为止），in the past/“last + 一段时间”等时间状语连用。因为上述短语表示的是从现在起往前推算的一段时间，句中的动作是从过去某一时间或时刻开始持续到现在的