全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语一试题

全国2012年10月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794请考生按规定用笔将所有试题的答案涂、写在答题纸上。选择题部分注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的考试课程名称、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔填写在答题纸规定的位置上。2. 每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题纸上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试题卷上。I语法和词汇填空。阅读下面的句子或对话，从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个能 填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共20小题，每小 题1分，共20分） 1. There has been _growth in industry this year than there should have been. A. much B. most C. little D. less2. When you expect too much of others, you are _ to become disappointed. A. timely B. probable C. likely D. possible3. It is necessary _ technical training for all the new employees. A. to provide B. to be provided C. providing D. being provided4. The mass media keep us well _ of what is happening in the world which would otherwise remain unknown. A. concerned B. exposed C. acquainted D. informed 5. She_ blame other people for her troubles than admit her own mistakes. A. would rather B. had better C. prefers to D. has to 6. Problems may come up when people have no _of the law. A. message B. knowledge C. information D. intelligence 7. You have little chance of getting the job_ you have professional training. A. unless B. as if C. in case D. so that 8. The Eight Oclock News will have a(n)_ report of the important meeting in Paris. A. live B. alive C. living D. lively 9. Mary ran _ one of her college teachers in the supermarket yesterday. A. out B. across C. over D. by10. To everyones disappointment, his plan failed _ all his efforts. A. in spite of B. as a result of C. for the sake of D. in the interest of11. She lost her job, and _ made matters worse was that her husband became ill and bedridden. A. it B. that C. what D. which12. His lecture helped us better understand the _ of religion on society. A. contribution B. influence C. connection D. separation13. The adult education center didnt offer any art courses, and _. A. so did the museum B. the museum did so C. neither did the museum D. the museum did neither14. They discussed the problem several times, but came to no _. A. ending B. way C. judgment D. conclusion15. The international language known as Esperanto _ to be simple and logical, with a flexible vocabulary and an easy grammar. A. e designed B. was designed C. designed D. to be designed16. Some critics say that only wealthy people will _ from the tax cuts. A. benefit B. obtain C. earn D. acquire1 7. He looked so tired this morning. He_ late last night. A. must stay up B. must have stayed up C. was staying up D. has stayed up18._ peace finally came in 1945 was he able to go back to work. A. It was when B. It was not until C. Only when D. Only if19. She told him how she managed to bring him food, without which he_ of hunger. A. died B. had died C. was dying D. would have died 20. It is reported that the police have finally _ in catching the murderer. AL. won B. completed C. managed D. succeededII阅读理解。认真阅读下面两篇短文，根据短文内容从A、B、C和D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项的字母涂黑。（本大题共1 0小题，每小题2 分，共20分）Passage 1 People who do not get enough vitamin A in their food may develop night blindness. But in the developing countries, especially the countries in Africa, a lack of vitamin A causes much more serious harm to children. The World Health Organization reports that the lack of vitamin A leads to as many as two hundred fifty thousand child deaths every year. Sweet potatoes with orange flesh have high levels of vitamin A. Experts say orange sweet potatoes could help solve the lack of vitamin A in Africa. But, first, more people there will need to be persuaded to eat them. Jan Low with the International Potato Center, a research organization, says the sweet potato needs a better image in Africa. She said, “We do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in Africa. Most of the local people refuse to grow sweet potatoes. It is seen as a food of the poor.” Ms. Low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case other crops fail. The sweet potatoes commonly grown in Africa have white or yellow flesh. But, more importantly, they are low in vitamin A. Thus, Jan Low and her partners managed to tell the African people that orange sweet potatoes had high levels of vitamin A. They made use of the radio to spread the message that orange sweet potato is good to human health. They said that orange sweet potatoes were able to help you fight diseases, make you strong, clear your skin and make you look healthy. In areas without radio, they spread the message through singing, dancing and storytelling in local theaters. And everywhere they went, they wore orange T-shirts and hats. They even drove orange vehicles. Jan Low says the color of the tuber (植物的块茎) made it easier to gain public attention. Dan Gustafson works for the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. He pays attention to efforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops. He says most of these efforts failed because organizers did not consider what people wanted to eat. But Mr. Gustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in Africa. For one thing, except for the color, the orange sweet potato is similar to what people already use. He is confident about the popularity of orange sweet potato in Africa and the improvement of peoples health condition there.21. There is an image problem with sweet potatoes in Africa because _.A. they are very ugly in shape and colorB. they are difficult to growC. they are regarded as the food of the poorD. they do great harm to the land22. What is true of sweet potatoes in Africa?A. The white ones had high levels of vitamin A.B. The commonly-grown ones are low in vitamin A.C. The yellow ones can make you strong and clear your skin.D. The orange ones cannot help overcome the lack of vitamin A.23. In areas without radio, what did Jan Low and her partners do to draw public attention to sweet potatoes?A. They sang and danced with local people.B. They drove vehicles in different colors.C. They dressed themselves in orange.D. They gave lectures in theaters.24. According to Mr. Gustafson, some efforts to introduce other nutritious crops to Africa failed because _ .A. people dont like themB. people cannot afford themC. they dont taste deliciousD. they have strange colors25. What is the passage mainly about?A. The different functions of vitamin A.B. The introduction of nutritious crops to Africa.C. The history of growing potatoes in Africa.D. The most popular food in Africa.Passage 2 “Sleep is a behavior and, like all behaviors, it differs greatly among people,” explains Dr. Carol Landis. “The greatest differences occur in the timing of sleep and the amount of sleep-the factors which are most important in determining whether you will wake up feeling rested.” Research has found that people sleep better at different times during their daily cycle. For example, some people function better if they go to sleep early and rise early, while others feel more rested if they stay up late and sleep in. “Many people dont pay attention to the timing of their sleep,” Landis notes. “Yet delaying or altering the time you go to sleep can have a major impact on how you feel when you wake up.” The amount of sleep the average adult needs each night also differs. Some people may be fine with six hours of sleep, while others need up to nine hours per night. Landis points out that those who follow a regular sleep schedule tend to function better on fewer hours, but she adds that most adults need at least six hours of sleep each night. “A persons sleeping patterns arent set in concrete,” Landis stresses. Gradually altering the timing of sleep can help change sleep patterns. An “evening person” who needs to get to work early in the morning can try upping the time they go to bed by 30 minutes every few days. Within a few weeks, this slow adjustment will help “reset” the body clock. In addition to maintaining a regular daily sleep schedule, Landis offers the following tips on having a good sleep: Avoid cigarettes, caffeinated (含咖啡因的) drinks and food such as chocolate in the late afternoon and evening. Avoid alcohol in the evening. This can cause a person to wake up a few hours into sleep and interrupt sleep patterns. Finish exercising at least two hours before going to sleep. Exercise increases body temperatures and makes it more difficult to easily fall asleep. Dont sleep in a warm environment. A drop in a persons body temperature is important at the beginning of deep sleep. People who sleep in a well-heated room or use an electric blanket may not sleep as soundly. Catch up on missed sleep when you have the opportunity. To reduce your sleep debt, try taking a 30-minute nap (小睡) during the day before 4 p.m. or sleeping in on weekends when you have a chance.26. Which of the following is true according to Dr. Landis? A. People with longer sleep feel more rested. B. People tend to have similar sleep schedules. C. Changing sleep habits wont affect peoples body clock. D. Changing the time for sleep can affect the quality of peoples sleep.27. The underlined phrase “set in concrete” (Line 1, Paragraph 4) probably means _. A. unchangeable B. unacceptable C. recognizable D. reasonable28. What does Dr. Landis think may result in a wake-up during night sleep? A. Taking chocolates before bedtime. B. Drinking alcohol before sleep. C. Exercising before going to bed. D. Using electric blankets.29. According to the passage, what may keep people from having a good sleep? A. Smoking in te evening. B. Sleeping in a cool room. C. Taking a nap during the day. D. Sleeping in on weekends.30. This passage is mainly about _. A. how to change ones sleep patternB. what to do before going to bed C. what to do with sleeplessness D. how to get a good nights sleep非选择题部分注意事项：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔将答案写在答题纸上，不能答在试题卷上。III用国际音标标出下列单词中划线字母或字母组合的读音。 （本大题共20小题，每小题0.5分，共1 0分）（注意：使用新式或老式音标均可）31. project 32. oxygen33. avenue 34. various35. dishonest 36. productive3 7. wild 38. surely39. paragraph 40. courtesy41. creature 42. wretched43. route 44. attach45. suspicious 46. behave47. pharmacy 48. scholar49. fascinate 50. enjoyIV完形填空。（本大题共20小题，每小题0.5分，共1 0分）A从下列单词中选择恰当的词填空，每个词只能用一次。as spent divided taughtthat over courses anotherare it elementary usually Education is one of the biggest and most important jobs of government in the United States. However, it is a task 51 is carried out by local governments rather than the federal government. Help from Washington 52 comes in the form of money and research. There are no national educational standards or regulations, 53 . there are in many other countries. Local areas - states or cities or counties - have kept control 54 their own school systems. In spite of local control, school systems throughout the country 55 very similar. A child can transfer from a school in one state to a school in 56 . without meeting any serious difficulty. Different books may be required or different 57 may be offered, but the same basic subjects are 58 throughout the country. The normal school system in the United States consists of six years of 59 school and six years of high school. In many areas, high school is 60 into three years of junior high school and three of senior. Each school year is called a grade.B. 根据课文的内容在每个空白处填入一个恰当的词。 It must be realized that sport in its modern form is almost entirely a British invention. Boxing, rugby, football, hockey, tennis and cricket 61 all first organized and given rules in Britain. Rules are the essence of sport, and sportsmanship is the ability to practice a sport 62 to its rules, while also showing generosity to ones opponent and 63 temper in defeat. The high pressure of modern international sport 64 these ideals difficult to keep, but they are 65 least highly valued in Britain and are certainly achieved there 66 commonly than among more excitable peoples. Moreover, sportsmanship as an ideal is applied 67 life in general. This is proved by the number of sporting terms 68 in ordinary speech. Everybody talks of “fair play” and “playing the game” or “playing 69 ”. Borrowed from boxing, “straight from the shoulder” is used to describe a well-aimed, strong criticism and “below the 70 ” is used to describe an unfair one. One of the most elementary rules of life is “never hit a man when hes down” - in other words, never take advantage of a persons misfortune.V.根据所学课文内容完成句子。（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）71. The three adjectives that the author of “The Time Message” uses to des